Crystal Mendez

Edu 201

1600’s

1607 - English Settlers arrived in Jamestown, Virginia

The English colonies (MA, NH, CT) had a sense that the church, states, and school were

interrelated. The schools were heavily influenced by the Puritans (group of Protestants). The

Puritans believed that people are naturally sinful.

The middle colonies (NY, NJ, PA, DE) they established parochial schools based on religious

beliefs.

The protestant colonies (VA, MD, GA, NC, SC) were wealthy plantation owners and believed

education was to promote religion and to prepare their children for college or universities in

Europe.

African Slave had enough training to attend and serve their master.

1635 - The Latin grammar school was founded, and this gave a pre-college education for boys.

They were required to learn Latin and Greek. The curriculum was rigorous the boys learned

Latin authors, speak in Latin, Latin poetry and pose also conjugate Greek verbs. The course

lasted seven year, and school was six days a week, winter to summer.

1636 – Harvard College was established, and the boys would go here after the 7-year education

on Greek and Latin.

1642 - The first law within the colonies the Massachusetts Act of 1642. Required all parents to

educate their children them on writing and reading. They had a choice whether to educate their

children at home or send them to school.

1642 – The Massachusetts Act was not mandating the schools, but it did make it clear that it was

a concern for the local citizenry.

1647 - The Massachusetts Act of 1647 “The Old Deluder Satan Act” was pass and this required

that towns of 100 households or more to establish a Latin grammar school to prepare the children

for Harvard College.

1648 – The Act of 1647 was revised and remined town leaders that good education was a benefit

to the commonwealth.

1690 - The New England Primer was printed, and this introduced the alphabet in woodcuts and

rhymed couplets.

1700 ‘s

1704 - The first school for African Americans and Native Americans in New York City. Elias

Neau started the school, spoke against slavery, and the lack of education for slave children.

1712-1778 -Jean Jacques Rousseau was considered “father of modern child psychology” because

he believed that children progress through stages of growth and development.

1745 – This is when arithmetic was introduced.

1746-1827 Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi believed that the instructional practices and curriculum

materials; should be selected by the natural abilities and readiness to learn.

1749 - Benjamin Franklin proposal Relating to the Educational of Youth in Pennsylvania called

for wide range of subjects: English, grammar, composition, and literature; classical and modern

foreign languages; science; writing and drawing; rhetoric; and oratory; geography; various kinds

of history; agriculture and gardening; arithmetic and accounting; and mechanics.

1751 – The Philadelphia Academy, a private secondary school was designed and promoted by

Benjamin Franklin.

1767- 1852 Sarah Pierce Litchfield Female Academy was dominating, and the curriculum

emphasized practical knowledge and skills

1770 – Anthony Benezet founded one of the best schools for African American

1778-1838 Joseph Lancaster started a Monitorial system. This helped overcrowded schools with

the older students teaching the younger students.

1783 - Noah Weber introduced his speller “A Grammar Institute of the English Language”.

1796-1859 Horace Mann was part of the common school movement and led to free, public,

locally controlled elementary schools.

1800’s

1819 – Reservation school received federal funding and brought little improvement for

enrollment.
1821 – The Boston English Classical School was the first state supported high school in the

United States.

1821 - The first female college (Troy Seminary) was founded by Emma Willard.

1837 – Horace Mann accepted the position of secretary of Massachusetts State Board of

Education. He immediately began to improve the quality of the schools.

Late 1930’s Mann proposed that teachers needed more than a high school education to teach.

1839 - The first public normal school was opened in Lexington, Massachusetts on July 3. The

curriculum was of general knowledge courses also, in pedagogy and practice teaching in model

schools affiliated the normal school.

1850 – The first recorded for school segregation date back to the decision of the Massachusetts

Supreme Court.

1852 - Compulsory laws were passed in ever growing population.

1862 – Morrill Land-Grant Act provided federal land for stated to sell or rent to raise money for

establishment of colleges of agriculture and mechanical arts.

1865 - African American leaders founded an education association raised money to supervise

their own schools.

1868-1963 - William E. Burghardt DuBois was the first to African American to receive his Ph.D.

He was one of the founders of National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

(NAACP).

1807-1952 - Maria Montessori brought the basis of progressive education in the United States.
1873 – Susan Blow established the first successful public kindergarten in the United States.

1890 – A second Morrill Act gave the federal government more funds for land-grant colleges.

1892-1893 The committee of ten held nine conferences focusing on high school curriculum.

They discussed how to prepare students for life and recommended mental discipline in the

humanities, languages, and science.

1895 - The committee of fifteen reported the elementary curriculum should be organized around

five basic subject grammar, literature, arithmetic, geography, and history.

1896 - John Dewy was a big supporter of the progressive education movement. His wife and him

opened a school experimenting Progressive educational philosophy.

1900’s

1902 – Dewy school had grown, and the curriculum was a natural outgrowth of the children’s

interests.

1904 - Mary Mcleod Bethune founded the Daytona Normal and Industrial School for Training

Negro Girls.

1918 - The Cardinal Principles of Secondary Education was released and called for high school’s

curriculum to accommodate individuals’ differences in the scholastic ability.

1919 The Progressive Education Association movement was growing rapidly.

1941 – The Lanham Act provided fund the training of workers in war plants, construction of

schools in area of military and federal workers reside, the provision of childcare for the working

parents.
1944 – The G.I. Bill of Rights provided veterans with funds for college, tuition, and rooming.

1955 - Progressive Education declined dramatically. The public was anger because thought that

the progressive education was not meeting the need of the nation.

1958 - The National Defense Education Act enabled the U.S. Office of Education to sponsor

research and innovation in science, mathematics, modern foreign language and guidance.

1965 - The Elementary and Secondary Education Act provided funds on the number of poor

children in school districts.

1974 – The Family Educational Right and Privacy Act (FERPA) was passed, which allowed

parents of students under 18 and students 18 and older the right to see their school records.

1975 – The Title IX of the Education Amendments Act took effect and prohibited sex

discrimination in educational programs and federal financial assistance.

1975 – Congress passed the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (Public Law 94-142)

that gave all handicapped children free public education.

1979 – The Department of Education was signed into law by President Carter.

1981 – The Education Consolidation and Improvement Act (ECIA) provided the states with a

wide range of choices in spending federal government. This also meant that the (ECIA) reduced

the federal aid to education.

1982 – The Supreme Court agreed with Plyler v. Doe, states cannot turn away students a free

public education because of their immigration status.

1985 – The curriculum became more rigorous in all level to increase standards and to ensure

equality.
1989 – This was the “Turning Point” The Carnegie Council on Adolescent Development

recommended creation of learning communities and a core academic program for the middle-

level students.

1990 – The Kentucky Education Reform Act (KERA) had each school make a school-based

management council .

1990 – The President George H.W. Bush reveals Goals 2000 and the six educational goals; 1.

readiness for school 2. high school completion 3. student achievement and citizenship 4.science

and mathematics 5. adult literacy and lifelong learning 6. safe, disciplined, and drug free schools.

1994 – The Educate America Act was signed by President Bill Clinton.

1995 – President Clinton creates the National Information Infrastructure (NII) for schools to

become connected to the “superhighway”.

1996 – The President Educational Technology Initiative in unveiled by President Clinton.

1999 – The Educational Excellence for All Children Act is signed by President Clinton. It

reauthorized the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA).

2000 ‘s

2002 – The No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act of 2001 was signed by President George W.

Bush. Required all students to make “adequate yearly progress” (AYP)

2002 – The states took over and the school district of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania was frustrated

with years of low achievement and budget crisis. Philadelphia replaced nine members of the

school board with the school reform commission (SRC) composed of three memebers.
2006 – A student who overstayed their tourist visa, was denied enrollment in Elementary Park

Community Unit School District. Eventually the district allowed him to enroll but only because,

the Illinois State Board of Education threatened to withhold funding.

2009 – The Council of Chief State School Officers (CCSCO) and the National Governor

Association Center for Best Practices (NGA Center) Organized the Common Core State

Standards Initiative (CCSI). The 48 states Participated but only Texas and Alaska did not.

2010 - The Obama Administration release a blueprint of reform for the reauthorization of the

Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA). Also proposing changes to No child Left

Behind (NCLB).

2011 - Congress did not act on the reauthorize (ESEA) and the Obama administration advised

states to voluntary seek the “ESEA Flexibility”.

2012 – The school districts race to be on top to become in out of the 55 school districts to receive

a total of $400 million.

2013 - At least 45 states submitted the ESEA Flexibility and 42 were approved. The race to the

top was awarded to 19 states and was more than $4 billion. The Common core Standards was

adapted by 45 states and a few states passed legislation to delay or withdraw.

2014 – The Common Core Standards gets criticized and the conservatives say the standards are

national curriculum. The conservatives claim that it is a violation to state and local control of

education and some states appeal the standards and replace it with state-developed standards.

2015 - Congress approved Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) to fix the NCLB.

2016 – President-elect Donald Trump nominates Besty Devos as the U.S. Secretary of Education
2017 – The U.S. Senates certify nomination of Besty Devos for Secretary of Education. The

Margin was 51-50; Devos expanded school choices, and unregulated free market competition for

charter schools.

2018 – The federal court temporarily blocks the Trump administration’s 2017 re peal of the

Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA). This allowed the children brought to the U.S

illegally to receive a two-year period of deportation.

2019 – The U.S. Department of Education’s National Center of Education Statistics collects data

for the 2019-2020 National Teacher and Principal Survey (NTPS). The survey topics are about

characteristics of teachers, principals, schools, teachers training opportunities, retention,

retirement, and hiring.

2020 - The teachers who completed the NTPS for 2019-2020 is sampled and compared with a

complete 2020-2021 Teacher Follow-Up Survey (TFS). This is done to see how many teachers

stayed at the same school, moved to another school or left the profession.
 Mendez 1

Crystal Mendez

Jacqueline Sgobba

EDU 201

10/1/2020

Work Cited

Forrest W. Parkay “Eleventh Edition”. Boston MA, Pearson Education 2018