06-05-2022

06-MAY-2022

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The Hindu News Analysis – 06th May 2022 – Shankar IAS Academy
Page Number*
S.
News Articles
No.
C B D H T

1 Previous Year Prelims Question Discussion @ beginning of the video

2 Watch the gap (Editorial) 8 8 6 6 6

3 Danish Fort to be restored: Minister 6 - - - -

4 Clandestine passage (Image) 1 - 1 - 1

*C – Chennai; B – Bengaluru; D – Delhi; H – Hyderabad; T – Thiruvananthapuram

The Hindu News Analysis – 06th May 2022 – Shankar IAS Academy
S. Page Number*
News Articles
No. C B D H T

T&C T&C T&C T&C

5 The status of the Naga peace talks (Text & Context) 1 1
8
1 1

6 Krishna water released to cater to city’s summer needs 3 - - - -

7 Prelims Practice Questions

@ end of the video

8 Mains Practice Questions

*C – Chennai; B – Bengaluru; D – Delhi; H – Hyderabad; T – Thiruvananthapuram

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Previous Year Question – Prelims 2019

Q. The global competitiveness report is
established by the

(a) International Monetary Fund

(b) United Nations Conference on Trade And
Development
(c) World Economic Forum
(d) World Bank

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Other Reports released by World Economic Forum

1. Global Human Capital Index

9. Inclusive Development Index
2. Global Information Technology Report
10. Global Gender Gap Index
3. Travel and Tourism Competitiveness
11. Global Risk Report
Report
12. Energy Transition Index
4. Global Competitiveness Report
13. Future of Jobs Report, 2018
5. Global Enabling Trade Report
14. Global Manufacturing Index
6. Global Energy Architecture
15. Social Mobility Index
Performance Index Report
16. Indian Cities in Post-Pandemic World‘
7. Global Environment Performance Index
Report
8. World Power Language Index

The World Economic Forum:

• International Organization - for Public-

Private Cooperation.

• Engages - foremost political, business,

cultural and other leaders of society to shape
global, regional and industry agendas.

• Established in 1971.

• A not-for-profit foundation.

• Headquarters - Geneva, Switzerland. It is

independent, impartial and not tied to any
special interests.

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Previous Year Question – Prelims 2019

Q. The global competitiveness report is

established by the

(a) International Monetary Fund

(b) United Nations Conference on Trade And
Development
(c) World Economic Forum
(d) World Bank

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Pg: 8 – C, B;
Pg: 6 – D, H, T

Part A—Preliminary Examination Trade Deficit

Paper I - (200 marks)
• Value of a country imports is more than the
 Economic and Social Development-Sustainable
Development, Poverty, Inclusion, Demographics, Social value of the exports
Sector Initiatives, etc.
• Negative balance of trade
Part B—Main Examination
PAPER-IV Effects of Trade Deficit
General Studies‐ III: Technology, Economic Development,
• Directly proportional to Current Account
Bio diversity, Environment, Security and Disaster
Management. Deficit

 Indian Economy and issues relating to planning,  Current Account

mobilization, of resources, growth, development and
employment.  Inflow and outflow of goods and
 Inclusive growth and issues arising from it. services

 Covers all the receipts and payments

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• Pressure on Currency

 Huge import bill - increases demand for What can be done?

foreign currency
• Government should give additional incentives
 Slowdown in exports of goods - reduces
• Encourage local production
the inflow of foreign currency
• Reduce coal imports by
 Exerts pressure on the exchange rate to
• Advance estimates of power demand
depreciate
• Optimal allocation of coal-carrying rail
 Weaker rupee – costly imports – large
wagons
trade deficit
• Policymakers should take steps to monitor
• Imported inflation
and overcome the trade imbalances and
 Increases in the prices of imported fuels,
growth-retarding inflation
materials

 Increase in domestic costs of production

Practice Question – Mains

GS – III
Q. A weaker rupee makes imports costlier,
potentially widening the trade deficit, and
thus triggering a vicious cycle. In lights of
the above statement explain the effects
of Trade Deficit.
(150 Words, 10 Marks)

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Pg: 6 – Chennai Edition

Danish Fort / Fort Dansborg

• Tharangambadi formerly known as

Tranquebar

• Place in Tamil Nadu that used to be the

base of Danish settlements in the 17th
century.

• Printing press in India was established in

1714 and printed the new testaments in
Tamil.

• Second largest fort built by the Danish, right

after Kronborg in Denmark.

• Overlooks the breathtaking blue waters of

https://karaikal.gov.in/tourist-place/tharangambadi/
the Bay of Bengal.

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• Danish Admiral Ove Gjedde built Fort Dansborg,

after making an agreement with the preceding
Thanjavur King Ragunatha Nayak

• The British later controlled the fort, along with

Tharangambadi, in 1845.

• Neglected until independence.

• Important gateway for the trade activities

that took place between Europe and Coromandel.

• After being used as a bungalow till 1978, the

fort came under the Archaeological Survey of
India.

• Now being used as a museum to display all the

artifacts of the fort and the Danish Empire.
https://mayiladuthurai.nic.in/tourist-place/tharangambadi/

• Danish style of architecture.

• Huge halls, high ceilings and columned structures.

• Governor's residence - kitchen, fireplace, chimney,

etc.

• Surrounded by citadels, creating a small town on

the shores.

• The town was very similar to that of a European

town, with streets named as King's Street and
bungalows that belonged to the British.

• Eroded with time by the salty waves of the

seawater.
https://mayiladuthurai.nic.in/tourist-place/tharangambadi/

• Renovated twice, by the State Archaeological

Department along with the Danish Royal Family.

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Practice Prelims Question

Q. With reference to Danish Fort, which one of
the following statements is not correct?
a) Tharangambadi formerly known as
Tranquebar, is a place in Kerala.
b) It is also known as Fort Dansborg .
c) It is the second largest fort built by the
Danish, right after Kronborg in Denmark..
d) The fort was an important gateway for
the trade activities that took place
between Europe and Coromandel.

Pg: 1 – C, D, T

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Forces guarding the Borders

• After independence, the local police of a

state were responsible for the guardianship
of international borders.

• Inadequate provision – War - Paramilitary

forces were raised to guard the borders.

• Different borders are guarded by different

forces.

• Under the Central Home Ministry

https://www.indiatoday.in/

BSF

• After the 1962 war, a unified central armed

force known as Border Security Forces was
created on 1 December 1965.

• Aim of protecting the borders along

Pakistan

• Were deployed along the borders with then

East Pakistan and West Pakistan.

• Following the 1971 war BSF continued to

guard the borders along with the newly
created Bangladesh. https://www.dnaindia.com/

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ITBP

• On October 24, 1962, the Indo-Tibetan

Boundary Police was established

• To reorganize the frontier intelligence and

security setup along the Indo-Tibetan
border.

• Given responsibility for the whole 3,488-

kilometre stretch of the India-China border
in 2004.

• Established Border Out Posts (BOPs) along

the Line of Actual Control .

• A total of 173 BOPs have been established https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/

by the ITBP along the Indo China border.

SSB

• Aftermath of the Chinese incursion in 1962,

• Sashastra Seema Bal was founded as a

Special Service Bureau in May 1963.

• In June 2001, SSB was designated as the

Lead Intelligence Agency for Indo-Nepal
and given responsibility for the Indo-Nepal
border.

• In March 2004, SSB was also allocated to

the Indo-Bhutan border.

https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/

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Assam Rifles

• Indian Army's oldest paramilitary

organisation

• Specialised force that conducts anti-

insurgency operations in the northeast.

• Participated in a variety of duties, conflicts,

and theatres throughout its history, including
World War I and World War II.

• Tasked with guarding the Assam Himalayan

region's Tibetan border.

• In charge of defending the India–Myanmar

border since 2002.
https://www.indiatoday.in/

Practice Prelims Question

Q. With reference to paramilitary forces, which one
of the following statements is not correct?
a) Border Security Force (BSF) guards both the
Indo-Pakistan and Indo-Bangladesh borders.
b) Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) guards the
Indo-China border and the Assam Rifles
guards the Indo-Myanmar border.
c) Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB) guards both the
Indo-Bhutan and Indo-Nepal borders.
d) None of the above

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Pg: 1 - Text & Context – C, B, H, T;

Pg: 8 – Delhi Edition

Part A—Preliminary Examination

Paper I - (200 marks)
 Current events of national and international importance
 History of India and Indian National Movement.
 Indian Polity and Governance-Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public Policy, Rights Issues, etc.
Part B—Main Examination
PAPER-II
General Studies‐ I: Indian Heritage and Culture, History and Geography of the World and Society.
 Modern Indian history from about the middle of the eighteenth century until the present- significant events, personalities,
issues.
 Post-independence consolidation and reorganization within the country.
PAPER-IV
General Studies‐ III: Technology, Economic Development, Bio diversity, Environment, Security and Disaster Management.
 Linkages between development and spread of extremism.

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Nagas
• Lived in isolation for centuries and fighting
• Tribal group of north-east India.
among themselves.
• Earlier referred as Kirata.
• British established contact through
• Inhabitants of the Naga Hills. missionaries.
• Ethnicity - Indo-Mongoloid group. British policy of least interference
• Language - Tibeto-Burman dialects of Sino- • Allowed continuance of Naga tribal cultures -
Tibetan family. village administration, land system, customary
• Current distribution - Arunachal Pradesh, laws, social customs and communal institutions.
Nagaland, Manipur and Myanmar. • Bengal-Eastern Frontier Regulation introduced
• Divided into various tribes, sub-tribes and the Inner Line system.

clans –different customs, traditions, dress,  Prevented people from entering the Naga
language, polity etc. areas.

Naga Club
• Intervened in the inter-tribal warfare.
• Formed in 1918 at Kohima - by leading Naga
• Impacts:
chiefs and British officials.
 Traditional life of Nagas remained
• Beginning of Naga political problem and
unchanged.
insurgency.
 Saved the tribe from the exploitation by
• Objective:
outsiders and sudden disruption of Naga
culture.  Assist British Colonial administration.

 Lack of development.  Promote interests of the Nagas.

 Nagas stayed away from Indian national  Uniting the Nagas.

mainstream. • Effective political forum for the Naga tribes.

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• Started the Naga movement: Naga Hills Tribal Council

 Distinct ethnic identity for Nagas. • Formed in April 1945.

 Independent homeland for the Nagas. • Replaced the Naga Club.

• 1929 - submitted a memorandum to the • 1946 - converted into Naga National Council
Simon Commission. (NNC)

 Emphasised that the Nagas and Indians Naga National Council (NNC)
are separate with no common history.
• By A. Z. Phizo.
 Demanded independent status or kept under
• Composed of 29 members.
direct British rule.
• Aim - social and political upliftment of the
• Brought a greater degree of unity.
Nagas.

• Solidarity of all Nagas, including Nagas of the • Hyadri Agreement - nine-point agreement
unadministered areas and the inclusion of their between the NNC and the then Governor of
hills within the province of Assam in a free Assam.
India.  Recognized 'the right of Nagas to develop
• Demanded local autonomy and adequate themselves according to their freely
safeguards - supported by the Indian National elected wishes'.
Congress.  Clause 9 - after period of 10 years, NNC
• Rejected the Constituent Assembly offer of will be given a choice of extending the
autonomy envisaged in the 6th Schedule. agreement or signing a new one.

• June 1947 - declared Naga Hills would cease  GoI’s interpretation - new arrangement
to be a part of India with the departure of within the Indian Union.
the British.
 NNC’s interpretation - attainment of
sovereignty - opt out of the Indian
union.

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• August 14, 1947 - declared independence. • Declared the formation of Federal Government

 Ignored by the world. of Nagaland and launching of violent

insurrection.
• 1948 - Indians took over the administration
and posts. Retaliation by GoI

• January 1950 - again declared independence • NNC leaders arrested.

after conducting a plebiscite. • 16 tribal councils abolished.

 Indian govt gave a status as ‘part of the • Two track policy.

tribal areas of Assam’.
 Firmly opposed the secessionist demand and
• Launched campaign of civil disobedience - used Indian army to suppress the
boycotted India’s first general elections held insurgency.
in 1951.
 Under Assam Disturbed Areas Act, 1955
• GoI banned NNC. - replaced by Armed Forces (Special
Powers) Act, 1958.

 Friendly approach by Nehru to win the

hearts of Nagas.

 Favoured to maintain the Naga Shillong Accord

autonomy in culture and other matters. • Signed in 1975.

 Negotiated with moderate, non-violent, • NNC - agreed for ceasefire and accepted
non-secessionist Naga leaders. the Indian Constitution.

Nagaland as a state • Opposed by Isak Chisi Swu and

• Moderate leaders headed by Dr. Imkongliba Thuingaleng Muivah.

Ao negotiated for the creation of the state  Formed the National Socialist Council of
within the Indian union. Nagaland (NSCN) in 1980 with S.S.Khaplang.

• Came into existence in 1963.

• failed to end Naga movement.

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NSCN (IM) • August 2015 - signed a Framework agreement.

• Emerged as the major insurgent group.  Concluded a dialogue on Naga political issue.

• Armed operations intensified and illegal  Step for the Naga Peace accord.
activities continued.
 Aimed to provide a life of dignity,
• Succeeded in integrating rival Naga ethnic opportunity and equity for the Nagas.
groups.
 Did not come into force due to demands of
• Demand - Greater Nagalim or Greater NSCN-IM - separate Constitution, flag and
Nagaland: integration of all contiguous Naga-inhabited

 Integration of Naga inhabited areas in areas under Nagalim.

Assam, Arunachal and Manipur. • Interlocutor appointed for Naga peace talks

• 1997 - signed a ceasefire agreement with between GoI and NSCN(IM).

GoI. • Insurgency in Nagaland is continuing.

Practice Question – Mains

GS – III
Q. Analyze the major reasons for the survival
of armed insurgency in the state of
Nagaland.
(150 words, 10 marks)

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Pg: 3 – Chennai Edition

River Krishna

• Second largest east flowing Peninsular River

• Rises near Mahabaleshwar in Sahyadri.

• Total length - 1,401 km.

• Drains into the Bay of Bengal.

• Right bank – the Ghatprabha, the Malprabha

and the Tungabhadra

• Left Bank - the Bhima, the Musi , Paleru and

the Munneru.

• Flows through Maharashtra, Karnataka,

Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.

• Forms a vast basin that covers 33% of the https://journalsofindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/unnamed-2-

300x224.png
total area of these four states.

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• Bounded by Balaghat range on the north, by

the Eastern Ghats on the south and the
east and by the Western Ghats on the west.

• Major part of Krishna basin is covered with

agricultural land accounting to 75.86% of the
total area

• 4.07% of the basin is covered by water

bodies.

https://indiawris.gov.in/downloads/Krishna%20Basin.pdf

Krishna River Water Dispute • The agreement was signed on two schemes

• Dispute over the sharing of Krishna waters  Share available water based on 75 per
has been ongoing for many decades cent dependability,

• Beginning with the erstwhile Hyderabad and  Recommended ways to share the surplus
Mysore states Later continuing between water.
successors Maharashtra, Karnataka and
Andhra Pradesh.

• In 1969, the Krishna Water Disputes Tribunal

(KWDT) was set up under the Inter-State
River Water Dispute Act, 1956,

• 1976, the states entered into an agreement

to divide the estimated 2,060 thousand million
cubic feet (tmc ft) of Krishna water into
https://theprint.in/
three parts.

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Practice Prelims Question

Q. Which of the following are the tributaries of
Krishna River?

a) Ghatprabha, Malprabha, Bhima,

Tungabhadra and Musi

b) Ghatprabha, Manjra ,Tungabhadra, Bhima

and Musi

c) Ghatprabha, Malprabha, Bhima and

Arkavathi.

d) Ghatprabha, Kabini, Malprabha,

Tungabhadra and Musi.

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Practice Prelims Question

Q. With reference to Danish Fort, which one of
the following statements is not correct?
a) Tharangambadi formerly known as
Tranquebar, is a place in Kerala.
b) It is also known as Fort Dansborg .
c) It is the second largest fort built by the
Danish, right after Kronborg in Denmark..
d) The fort was an important gateway for
the trade activities that took place
between Europe and Coromandel.

Practice Prelims Question

Q. With reference to paramilitary forces, which one
of the following statements is not correct?
a) Border Security Force (BSF) guards both the
Indo-Pakistan and Indo-Bangladesh borders.
b) Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) guards the
Indo-China border and the Assam Rifles
guards the Indo-Myanmar border.
c) Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB) guards both the
Indo-Bhutan and Indo-Nepal borders.
d) None of the above

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Practice Prelims Question

Q. Which of the following are the tributaries of
Krishna River?

a) Ghatprabha, Malprabha, Bhima,

Tungabhadra and Musi

b) Ghatprabha, Manjra ,Tungabhadra, Bhima

and Musi

c) Ghatprabha, Malprabha, Bhima and

Arkavathi.

d) Ghatprabha, Kabini, Malprabha,

Tungabhadra and Musi.

Practice Question – Mains

GS – III
Q. A weaker rupee makes imports costlier,
potentially widening the trade deficit, and
thus triggering a vicious cycle. In lights of
the above statement explain the effects
Prelims Practice Question – Answer of Trade Deficit.
Q1. Option a) (150 Words, 10 Marks)
Q2. Option d) Practice Question – Mains
GS – III
Q. Analyze the major reasons for the survival
of armed insurgency in the state of
Nagaland.
(150 words, 10 marks)

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