1.

Utilitarianism suggests that it is ethical to make decisions based on:

A. Moral virtues B. Common decency C. What is best for most people D. None of the given

ant claims that an action is morally good only if

a. it conforms to the moral law. b. it is done for the sake of the moral law. c. both and b. d.
neither a nor b
2. According to Kant, the basis of morality is the concept of
a. charity. b. fairness. c. piety. d. freedom.
3. The ethical skills are
a. care of possessions, modesty, posture, self-reliance, tidy appearance
b. good Behaviour, good manners, good relationships, good environment
c. attention, calmness, concentration, self-confidence, self esteem
d. code of conduct, responsibility, efficiency, perseverance, punctuality
4. Examine these two statements carefully and select the answer using the codes given below:
- Statement I- What is legal may not always be ethical.
Statement II- Ethical standards and the law, share the same theme i.e., what is permissible
and impermissible.
a. Both I and II individually are true and statement II is the correct explanation of statement I.
b. Both I and II are individually true, but
5. Ethical values are associated with___
a. Social system
b. Rule making
c. Compassionate living
d. Devotional living
6. What is business ethics?
(a) The study of business situations, activities, and decisions where issues of right and wrong
are addressed
(b) Defined as decisions organizations make on issues that could be considered right or
wrong
(c) Ethics that can be applied to an organization’s practices
(d) Ethical processes businesses use in order to achieve a good ethical standard
8. A written statement of policies and principles that guides the behavior of all employees is
called
(a) code of ethics (b) word of ethics (c) ethical dilemma (d) None of the above
7. Ethics are moral principles and values which……………………………...
(a) Guide a firm's behavior
(b) Govern the actions of an individual
(c) Provide employees with rules on how to behave
(d) Are legally enforceable
9. ‘Utilitarianism ‘in the professional ethics is a. an acquired habit that helps to lead a rational
life. b. a skill to solve a current ethical problem by comparing it with similar problems from
the past and their outcome c. a right of activists to decide their own duties d. a judgement of
an action by the consequences of that action
10. Whistleblowing in an organizational set up affects:
1. Peer professional relationships 2. Relationships with management
3. Family relations Which of the above statements are correct?
Unit-3

Q1) What is the name of the process in which an employee informs another
responsible employee in the company about potentially unethical behavior?
a. Whistle-blowing
b. Purging and releasing
c. Identification
d, Information transfer
Q2) Which of the following is not one of the underlying principles of the corporate
governance combined code of practice?
a) Accountability
b) Openness
c) Acceptability
d)Integrity

Q3) Which of the following regarding corporate governance is correct?

a) corporate governance can temper growth.

b) Good corporate governance can result in excessive risk-taking.

c) corporate governance often results in prompt and effective decision-making.

d) The aim of corporate governance is to protect the interests of shareholders and

the local economies.
Q4) Commitment, competence and consistency are three distinct characteristics that
result in ______________

a. Culture building

values

organizational socialization

attitudes

Q5) Which of the following is an argument for whistle-blower protection? 

a) A law that recognizes whistleblowing as a right is open to abuse

b) Whistleblowing infringes on the traditional right of employers to conduct business

as they see fit.
c)Whistleblowing creates more regulation to impede the efficient operation of
business.
d)Whistle-blowing benefits society through the exposure of illegal activity.

Chapter 5: Ethics
Multiple choice

1. Ethics is said to ______.

a. give us clear answers as to what is right

b. give us clear answers as to what is wrong
c. encourage us to explore different perspectives

Answer: C

2. Nurses should ______.

a. ignore their personal values when acting in a professional role

b. uphold professional values but be aware of personal values
c. be aware of professional values and always act on personal values

Answer: B

3. An ethical dilemma is ______.

a. where a decision is required but different values seem to conflict and it is not possible
to uphold both
b. where the required course of action is clear
c. any situation where a decision has to be made
Answer: A

4. A utilitarian approach to ethics is concerned with ______.

a. what motivates us to act in particular ways

b. the consequences of our decisions
c. maximising the goo/ benefit and minimising the harm that arises from our decisions

Answer: C

5. A consequentialist approach to ethics is concerned with ______.

a. the values that underpin our decisions

b. the consequences of our decisions
c. our duties

Answer: B

6. Beneficence is concerned with ______.

a. doing good
b. avoiding harm
c. respecting people

Answer: A

7. Autonomy is concerned with ______.

a. respecting people’s right to be self-determining

b. stopping people making their own decisions
c. making sure that people make the right decisions

Answer: A

8. Justice is concerned with ______.

a. the law
b. equality and fairness
c. treating everyone the same

Answer: B

9. non-maleficence is concerned with ______.

a. doing good
b. not intervening
c. not doing harm

Answer: C
10. Ethical decision making frameworks ______.

a. give us the answers to ethical dilemmas

b. are all the same
c. provide us with different frameworks to help us identify key issues and arrive a plan
of action with a clear rationale

Answer: C

1. Whistle-blowers call attention to wrongdoing from within the organization in which

they work to highlight abuse that threatens the

 a. employer
 b. employees
 c. public
 d. government

2. Whistle-blowing is seen by superiors as a violation of loyalty and as a(n)

 a. exoneration
 b. commendation
 c. accusation
 d. acquittal

3. A whistleblower should first explore solutions within the organization to minimize the

 a. accusation
 b. breach of loyalty
 c. accuracy of the claim
 d. threat to the public

4. Before speaking out. a whistleblower must make sure that the revelations are based on

 a. accuracy in dissent

 b. bias in judgment
 c. fairness in accusation
 d. both a and c

5. In complex cases, a whistleblower must weigh the benefit to ___________ with the
risk of personal harm.

 a. one's family

 b. one's employer
  c. the public
 d. oneself

_______ are beliefs and attitudes we have that can actually conflict with our ethical
decisions. (a) Morals (b) Principles (c) Virtues (d) Values
The three major types of ethical issues include except?
Communication issues
Systematic issues
Corporate issues
Individual issues
Which of the following refers to the reasoning process by which human behaviors,
institutions, or policies are judged to be in accordance or notwith
moral standards?
Moral reasoning
Moral duty
Moral justice
None of the above
 
The principle of categorical imperative is given by
James Mill
Herbert Spencer
Jeremy Bentham
Immanuel Kant
Which kind of theory Utilitarianism has?
Ethical
Conceptual
Behavioral
None of the above
In which year Justice Department charged the accounting firm of Arthur Andersen for
obstruction of justice?
2000
2001
2002
2003
The main purpose of business ethics is to?
understanding ethical uncertainities
principles and concepts
Application of practices
All of the above
The contributive principle of distributive justice measured the contributions in terms of:
Economic quality
Minimum standard of living
Work effort
Opportunity
An acquired disposition that is a valuable part of a morally good person, exhibited in the
person's habitual behavior is known as?
Moral responsibility
Moral ethics
Moral virtue
None of the above
Which one of the following is not considered as category of issues involving justice?
Distributive justice
Retributive justice
Compulsory justice
Compensatory justice
Utilitarianism suggests that it is ethical to make decisions based on:
Moral virtues
Common decency
What is best for most people.
None of the given
Which one of the following is the right order for three stages of moral development?
Principled morality,conventional morality and selfish

Conventional morality,Principled morality and selfish

Selfish,Conventional morality and Principled morality

None of the above
Which of the following choices does NOT describe a situation that is covered by the concept
of rights?
The absence of prohibitions against an activity
The authorization to do something to secure one's interests
The necessity of doing something required by authority
The existence of prohibitions on others to enable individuals to pursue an activity
Right action comes to be defined in terms of moral principles chosen because of their logical
comprehensiveness,universality, and consistency is known as?
Interpersonal Concordance Orientation
Universal Ethical Principles Orientation
Social Contract Orientation
Law and Order Orientation
“Principle of Utility” as a method was the idea of:
James Mill
Herbert Spencer
Jeremy Bentham
Kant
Which one of the following is not a basic type of moral standards?
Utilitarianism
Rights
Justice
Relevant
Which one of the following ethic sees concrete communities and communal relationships as
having a fundamental value?
The care of ethic
Demands of caring
Communitarian ethic
Socialism
Which one of the following moral judgment approaches will be used where
someone has to make a decision how benefits and burdens should be
distributed among the members of a group?
Utility
Rights
Justice
Caring
Socialist view on distribution is best described as:
From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs
The benefits a person receives should be proportional to his contribution
From each they choose, to each as they are chosen
Always treat humanity as an end in itself rather than as a means
Which one of the following is a type of moral standards?
Utilitarianism
Rights
Justice
All of the above
The three major types of ethical issues include except?
Communication issues
Systematic issues
Corporate issues
Individual issues
The person's reasons for acting must be reasons that he or she would be willing to have all
others use, even as a basis of how they treat him or her is
known as?
Reversibility
Universalizability
Rule utilitarianism
None of the above
Which statement reflects the "punishment and obedience orientation" stage(stage one) of
moral development?
I don't steal because my friends don't steal
I don't steal because I don't want to be spanked
I don't steal because it would harm society as a whole
I don't steal because it wouldn't be fair to everyone else if I did
Justice Based on needs and abilities is known as?
Communism
Capitalism
Socialism
None of the above
An acquired disposition that is a valuable part of a morally good person,exhibited in the
person's habitual behavior is known as?
Moral responsibility
Moral ethics
Moral virtue
None of the above
Which one of the following justices refers to the just imposition of penalties and
punishments?
Distributive
Retributive
Compensatory
Kantian
In which of the following someone looks at individual acts to see whether they produce more
pleasure,one looks only at moral rules at actions of a particular type?
Rule utilitarianism
Conventional utilitarianism
Weighting cost and benefit
None of the above
Circumstances that leave a person uncertain but not altogether unsure about what he or she is
doing is a feature of
Excusing conditions
Moral reasoning
Mitigating factors
Ignorance
Which of the following deals with the distribution of benefits and burdens, mostly in the
evaluation of social, political, and economic institutions?
Retributive justice
Compensatory justice
Distributive justice
Ethical justice
Which one of the following is not a feature of moral standard?
Prohibit
Value
Condemn
All of the given options
On what grounds Carol Gilligan criticized Kohlberg’s research?
It describes female characteristics
Stages of growth in moral development
It describes both male and female characteristics
It ignores female approach to moral development
How many essential components of Moral reasoning are?
3
4
2
u
The type with which one looks only at moral rules or actions of a particular type is known as?
Rule utilitarianism
Utilitarianism
Both a & b
None of the above
How many stages of moral development proposed by Carol Gilligan?
Two
Three
Four
None of the above
Literally the word ethics stand for
Understanding human nature
Study of morality
properties of chemical
substances
Both 2 & 3
The kind of care that is owed to those with whom we have special concrete relationships is
known as?
Utilitarian standards
Standards of justice
Standards of caring
None of the above
Circumstances that leave a person uncertain but not altogether unsure about what he or she is
doing is a feature of
Excusing conditions
Moral reasoning
Mitigating factors
Ignorance
Who is the world’s largest retailer?
Proctor and Gamble
Wal-Mart
Liver Brothers
Dashang Group
Which of the following stands for capitalist Justice?
Benefits should be distributed according to the value of the contribution the individual makes
to a society
Benefits should not be distributed according to the value of the contribution the individual
makes to a society
Benefits should be distributed accrding to employer judgement
None of the above
Which of the following is TRUE regarding moral reasoning and its evaluation?
Moral reasoning does not involve factual or descriptive judgments
Ordinary logical standards of validity do not apply to moral reasoning
Special logical standards of validity do not apply to moral reasoning
Moral reasoning involves normative or value judgments
Which of the following issues are not satisfied by utilitarianism?
Justice
Right
Justice & Right
None of the above
______is the philosophical study of moral values and rules.
Morality
Ethics
Business Ethics
Philosophy
Idea of a precise quantitative method for decision making is most fully realized in
Bentham
James Rachel’s
Carol Gilligan
Henry Fayol
Shadow pricing is a technique which is used in?
Accounting
Business Ethics
Management
None of the above
Which principle of John Rawls assumes that a productive society will incorporate
inequalities?
Principle 1
Principle 2
Part a of principle 2
Part b of principle 2
Which one of the following is not a feature of moral standard?
Prohibit
Value
Condemn
All of the given options
Equality of income and equality of opportunity is refers to:
Equality
Political equality
Economic equality
Human equality
_________is a code of conduct that an individual or a group has about right and wrong.
Morality
Ethics
Business Ethics
Personal Ethics
The limited rights and correlative duties that arise when one person enters an agreement with
another person is the definition of:
Contract
Justice
Special obligations
Legal rights
Which one of the following is an alternative to moral principles?
Virtue Ethics
Logic Ethics
Real Ethics
None of the above
The type with which one looks only at moral rules or actions of a particular type is known as?
Rule utilitarianism
Utilitarianism
Both a & b
None of the above
The person's reasons for acting must be reasons that he or she would be willing to have all
others use, even as a basis of how they treat him or her is known as?
Reversibility
Universalizability
Rule utilitarianism
None of the above
Which one of the country has more collectivist culture?
USA
Japan
Pakistan
None of the above

1. According to Kant, laws of nature are laws according to which __________, and laws of
freedom are laws according to which __________.

 a. everything will happen; everything will happen

 b. everything will happen; everything ought to happen
 c. everything ought to happen; everything will happen
 d. everything ought to happen; everything ought to happen

2. According to Kant, moral laws are:

 a. necessary and apply to all rational beings.

 b. contingent and apply only to human beings.
 c. culturally relative.
 d. grounded in God’s commands.

3. According to Kant, the moral worth of an action depends on:

 a. the moral character of the agent who performs it.

 b. the consequences of the action.
  c. the maxim that is acted on.
 d. all of the above.

4. Kant claims that the natural purpose of reason is to:

 a. produce happiness.

 b. produce pleasure.
 c. produce knowledge.
 d. produce a good will.

5. According to Kant, morality requires us to:

 a. perform the action that leads to the greatest total happiness.
 b. act only on maxims that we can will to become universal laws.
 c. behave only in such a way as a perfectly virtuous person would behave.
 d. place the interests of others above the interests of ourselves.

6. According to Kant, the supreme principle of morality is:

 a. analytic and a priori.

 b. analytic and a posteriori.
 c. synthetic and a priori.
 d. synthetic and a posteriori.

7. Kant claims that the moral law is given to each person by:

 a. society.
 b. one’s own will.
 c. God.
 d. Nature.

8. According to Kant, the basis of morality is the concept of:

 a. charity.
 b. fairness.
 c. piety.
 d. freedom

9. The principles of scientific Management were more concerned with the problems at the
………...levels

A. higher levels
 B. middle

C. operating

D. none

10. Father of Modern Management theory is ………………

A. henry Fayol
B. f.w. Taylor
C. henry Gantt
D. none

11. …………. suggests that each communication going up or coming down must flow
through each position in the line of authority
A. communication pattern
B. horizontal communications
C. scalar chain
D. none of these

12. Management can be considered as……………….

A. exact science
B. inexact science
C. pseudo-science
D. b or c

13. ………. has defined the basic problem of managing as the art of “knowing exactly what
you want men to do and then see that they do it in the best and cheapest way “
A. henry Fayol
B. f.w. Taylor
C. Mary parker Follet
D. none of these

14. According to functional foremanship, the speed boss, Inspector, foreman and gang boss
are entrusted with the …………………aspect of work.
A. planning
B. organizing
C. doing
D. none of these
7. The principle of Unity of command is contrary to Taylors……………………...

A. rule of thumb
B. unity of direction
C. functional foremanship
D. none of these
8. According to …………...principle, each group of activities with the same objective must
have one head and one plan
A. unity of direction
B. unity of command
C. either of these
D. none
9. Everything which goes to increase the importance of subordinate’s role is……………….

A. decentralization
B. centralization
C. either a or b
D. none
10. ………………...school of Management recognizes the existence of a centralized body of
knowledge for the Management.

A. system approach
B. empirical
C. contingency
D. operational
11. …………...school of thought has developed on the idea that there is no single best
method to find solutions to Managerial problems

A. system approach
B. empirical
C. contingency
D. operational
12. Koontz and O’Donnell are the advocates of ………………. approach to management

A. system approach
B. empirical
C. contingency
D. operational
13. ………………. approach of management heavily concentrates on ‘People’ aspect of
management.

A. human relations
B. system
C. empirical
D. management science
14. ……………is the art of knowing exactly what you want men to do and then seeing that
how they do it in the best and cheapest way.

A. general management
B. scientific management
C. administration
D. none
15. …………………. helps to determine a fair day’s work and rest period to complete it

A. work study
B. time study
C. motion study
D. all of these
16. The main objective of ……………...study is to determine and eliminate unnecessary and
wasteful movements

A. work study
B. time study
C. motion study
D. all of these
17. The author of the famous book “General and Industrial Management”
is……………………

A. henry fayol
B. f.w. taylor
C. henry gantt
D. none
18. ……………..is the right of a superior to give orders to subordinates, take decisions etc.

A. authority
B. responsibility
C. accountability
D. none
19. Authority and responsibility are …………….to each other

A. supplementary
B. complementary
C. contradictory
D. none
20. ………….is defined as a chain of superiors ranging from the ultimate authority to the
lowest ranks

A. structure
B. scalar chain
C. both
D. none of these
21. …………...developed the “Need Hierarchy Theory” to explain human behaviour within
an organization.

A. a.h.maslow
B. Douglas mc. Gregor
C. Herzberg
D. rensis Likert
22. Theory X and Theory Y was developed by ……………….

A. a.h. Maslow
B. Douglas mc. Gregor
C. Herzberg
D. rensis Likert
23. ……………. treats the organization as a complex system based on the principles of
supporting relationships in which decision-making leadership, motivation, communication
and control move together

A. a.h. Maslow
B. Douglas mc. Gregor
C. Herzberg
D. rensis Likert
24. ………. has given the concept of administrative man as the model for decision making

A. a.h. Maslow
B. Douglas mc. Gregor
C. Herzberg
D. Herbert Simon
25. Motivation Hygiene theory was developed by ……...

A. a.h. Maslow
B. Herbert Simon
C. Herzberg
D. rensis Likert