SUBJECT: Earth Science

TOPIC: Exogenic Processes LESSON CODE: W9-L1

MODALITY: FOn & MOff WORKSHEET NO: 5
WORKSHEET

NAME: Myrine Lugar

SECTION: DARWIN

GENERAL DIRECTIONS: Read and analyse each question critically. Provide your answers in the space provided for each
item.

I. TERMINOLOGY. Define the following terms. (2 pts each)

1. Weathering
It is the breakdown of rock material at and near Earth’s surface.
It is when gravity induced downslope movement of rock material that happens
2. Mass wasting
without the assistance of a geomorphic agent, as in the case of a rock falling from a
cliff.
3. Thermal expansion and
It is the extreme diurnal temperature that changes commonly in deserts physically,
contraction
the weather rocks because of expansion and contraction as the rocks heat and cool.
4. Solifluction
It is the slow downslope movement of water-saturated soil or regolith.
It is a type of mass movement in which much of the involved material is pulverized
5. Avalanche
into small and powdery fragments, and then flows rapidly as an airborne density
current along Earth’s surface.

II. OPEN RESPONSE. Provide your answers as briefly and concise as possible. (5pts each)

1. How is weathering important to the process of erosion, transportation, and deposition?

Weathering is important in the processes of erosion, transportation, and deposition because weathering is about
the breakdown of rock material at and near Earth’s surface, which is the needed process to accomplish erosion. Erosion
is the process wherein if the rock material breaks down, the larger mass will be removed from the mass, which is
erosion. After the larger mass is removed from the mass, it needs to be moved. That is called transportation. Then, if
it’s moved from one place to another and then settles, it is now called a deposition. Weathering, erosion,
transportation, and deposition are actually a continuum or chain of processes that starts with weathering. It is a
step-by-step process that involves one another to accomplish and complete a certain goal.

2. In what ways is mass wasting similar to, yet different from, the action of the geomorphic agents?

Geomorphic agents is a process wherein any physical and chemical natural resources on Earth are moved to
another place in the Earth’s crust, while mass wasting talks only about the process wherein a certain material is moved
from a highland to a lowland that involves gravity. It is only applicable to the materials that move downslope, while
geomorphic agents is a generalized process of movement of all natural mediums in the Earth’s crust.

3. What are the four processes involving expansion and contraction that contribute to rock weathering?

The four processes involving expansion and contraction that contribute to rock weathering are Unloading, Thermal
Expansion and Contraction, Freeze-Thaw, and Salt Crystal Growth. These processes are the ones that focus more on
the expansion and contraction in rock weathering. They are the processes that explain how and why rock expands and
contracts. They provide evidence and explanations for us to understand more about rock weathering. They contribute
to accomplishing rock weathering because they are also one of those processes.

4. What are the impacts of differential weathering and erosion on shaping landforms?

The impacts of differential weathering and erosion on shaping landforms is that weathering breaks things down into
smaller bits, allowing for the removal of a bigger mass from a larger mass. Erosion is the process of rock or soil
fragments moving to new sites. Additionally, weathering and erosion can alter the shape, size, and texture of certain
landforms. Regardless of how erosion occurs, certain rock units will be more resistant to erosion than others
throughout time. They'll be exposed at greater elevations, maybe to preserve the underlying rock. Basically it changes
the landforms shapes in those processes.
 5. Describe the principal differences between (a) a rockslide and a rockfall, and (b) a slump and a debris flow?

Rockslides descend in a clump, frequently at the intersection of two rock strata. Rockfalls free into the air. It
happens on cliffs. A slump is the movement of rock material down a mountain. It slides in a more uniform direction
along a pre-existing plane, such as an underlying layer of rock, making it more of a translational slide. Debris flow is
the movement of a water-laden mass of loose mud, sand, soil, rock, and debris down a slope.

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