•Do the following work legibly and neatly in SCIENCE FAIR NOTEBOOK ONLY.

• Incomplete/ Imperfect work will not be checked.

Chapter 2: Nutrition in Animals (Class VII)
SECTION A
Choose the correct option from the following (Answers are typed in BOLD)
(1) The largest gland in the human body is
(i) salivary gland (ii) liver (iii) pancreas (iv) pituitary

(2) In which of the following steps of nutrition, complex components are broken down to
simpler substances?
(i) egestion (ii) digestion (iii) assimilation (iv) ingestion

(3) Proteins are digested in which of the following parts of the alimentary canal?
(i) stomach and small intestine (ii) mouth and stomach (iii) stomach, pancreas and intestine
(iv) duodenum, ileum and liver

(4) Amoeba digests its food in

(i) pseudopodia (ii) food vacuole (iii) nucleus (iv) cytoplasm

(5) Which of these structures of alimentary canal helps in absorption of digested food?
(i) large Intestine (ii) gall bladder (iii) villi in small intestine (iv) stomach

(6) The structure that temporarily stores bile juice is

(i) pancreas (ii) spleen (iii) gall bladder (iv) intestine

SECTION B
Answer the following questions in short.
1. What is animal nutrition?
Answer: All animals require food for obtaining energy, growth, repair of damaged parts and
functioning of the body. The process of taking food by an animal and its utilisation in the
body is called animal nutrition
2. Where is the bile produced? Which component of the food does it help to digest?
Answer. Bile is produced in liver. The bile juice is stored in sac called the gall bladder. It
helps in the digestion of fats.
3. What are the four main types of teeth and why do we have them?
Answer: We have four different types of teeth,
• 8 Incisors meant for cutting and biting
• 4 Canines helps in tearing and piercing
• 8 Premolars helps in grinding and chewing
• 12 Molars helps in grinding and chewing
4. Where does carbohydrate digestion first occur?
Answer: The digestion of carbohydrates (starch) begins in the mouth. The salivary enzyme
begins the breakdown of food starches into maltose, a sugar.
5. Draw the labelled diagram of tongue showing different region for taste buds.
Answer:

.
6. What causes tooth decay?
Answer: If we do not clean our teeth and mouth after eating, many harmful bacteria begin to
live and grow in it. These bacteria break down the sugars present from the leftover food and
release acids. The acids gradually damage the teeth. This is called tooth decay. If it is not
treated in time, it causes severe toothache, tooth cavity and in extreme cases results in tooth
loss.
7. Name the type of carbohydrate that can be digested by ruminants but not by humans.
Give the reason also.
Answer: Cellulose is a type of carbohydrate that can be digested by ruminants and not by
humans. Ruminants have a large sac like structure called rumen between the oesophagus and
small intestine. The cellulose of the food is digested here by the action of certain bacteria that
are not present in humans.
8. Why do we get instant energy from glucose?
Answer: Glucose is a form of sugar. It’s a simple sugar that is absorbed readily by the body.
Unlike other foods like carbohydrates, it doesn’t need to be processed to give energy by the
digestive system. It is directly absorbed into the bloodstream and into all the cells. Once
inside, the glucose undergoes oxidation that results in the release of energy for the cell. This
is why we get instant energy from glucose.
SECTION C
Long question answers:-
9. Name the three things secreted by inner lining of stomach and state their functions
Answer: The inner lining of the stomach secretes mucous, hydrochloric acid and
digestive juices.
The mucous protects the lining of the stomach from the digestive juices.
The hydrochloric acid kills many bacteria that enter along with the food and makes the
medium in the stomach acidic and helps the digestive juices to act.
The digestive juices break down the proteins into simpler substances.

10. Write the difference between milk teeth and permanent teeth.
Answer:
The difference between milk teeth and permanent teeth are:
P.T.O.
 Milk teeth Permanent teeth

They grow during infancy, i.e. when one is

They grow at the age of 6-8 years.
small baby.

They are also called as temporary teeth

They do not fall till the old age.
because these are lost at the age of 6-8 years.
If these teeth fall down no new teeth
They can be replaced by permanent teeth.
arises on its place.

11. Draw a well labelled diagram of Human Digestive System.

12. Draw a flow chart to explain the entire processof digestion in alimentary canal of
humans.

Answer:+

ORAL CAVITY or MOUTH CAVITY

( starch is broken down into simple sugar under the action of salivary enzyme )

OESOPHAGUS or FOOD PIPE

(Receives food from the mouth cavity and passes it to the stomach by creating peristaltic
wave (wavy muscular movement). NO digestion of food occurs here)

STOMACH
• (Digestion of proteins into simpler substances takes place here under the action of
protein digesting enzyme secreted by gastric wall.)
• ( mucus released protects the inner wall of stomach)
• (hydrochloric acid kills germs and makes food medium acidic for the protein
digesting enzyme to act on food)

SMALL INTESTINE
• (Small Intestine receives bile juice from liver and pancreatic juice from pancreas and
itself secretes intestinal juice.
• Bile juice breaks down fats into tiny droplets and also makes the food medium basic
for the other digestive enzymes to act on food.
• All the three food components i.e. carbohydrates, proteins and fats gets completely
broken down into their respective building blocks under the effect of enzymes present
in pancreatic and intestinal juices.)
• Food after complete digestion are absorbed by the inner walls of small intestine with
the help of villi.

P.T.O.
 LARGE INTESTINE
(Here water and salt are absorbed from the undigested food received from small intestine.)

RECTUM
( Undigested food is temporarily stored here and passed out through anus )

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