 SYLLABUS

Introduction
Different modes of taking food
Digestion in humans
Mouth and Buccal cavity
Teeth and its types
Oesophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Absorption in small intestine
Large intestine
Digestion in grass eating animals
Mode of feeding and digestion in amoeba

Introduction
Animals cannot prepare their own food like plants. They depend upon plants either directly or
indirectly for food.

o Herbivores are those which directly eat plants.

o Carnivores are those which eat herbivores i.e. other animals.
o Omnivores are those which eat both plants and animals.

Different modes of taking food

Digestion in humans
 o Humans take food through mouth, digest the food and finally the undigested food are removed
from the body.
o The food passes from oral cavity and finally the undigested food is removed through anus.

o It is a complex process involving following steps:

1. Ingestion
 Ingestion refers to the intake of food
 Ingestion takes place through Mouth
2. Digestion
 Digestion refers to the breakdown of ingested food into simpler forms
 Teeth, Stomach, Small intestine and secretion from various glands help in Digestion
3. Absorption
 Absorption refers to the process in which digested food in absorbed in to the body fluids (Blood &
lymph)
 Small intestine plays a major role in Absorption
4. Assimilation
 Assimilation refers to the process in which absorbed food is transported to different cells of the
body
5. Egestion
 Egestion refers to the process of removal of undigested food from the body
 Large intestine plays a major role in Egestion
Parts of digestive tract in humans

The parts of digestive tract are:

o Mouth and buccal cavity

o Food pipe/Oesophagus
o Stomach
o Small intestine
o Large intestine
o Rectum
o Anus

Associated glands that secrete enzymes

o Salivary glands
o Liver
o Pancreas

Mouth and Buccal cavity

o We take the food through our mouth.
o Ingestion: It is the process of taking food into the body.
o Salivary glands: Our mouth has three pairs of salivary glands. They secrete saliva.
o Saliva: Saliva acts upon starch and break down into sugars.
Teeth and its types
o There are two sets of teeth, one set is called milk teeth which grow during infancy and they fall
between age of six to eight years.

o Second set of teeth is called permanent teeth which replace milk teeth and they remain
throughout our life. They fall during old age.

Number in
Types Functions each jaw

Cutting and
Incisors biting 4

Piercing and
Canine tearing 2

Chewing and
Premolars grinding 4

Chewing and
Molars grinding 6

Tooth decay:
o Improper cleaning of teeth leads to growth of harmful bacteria which leading to tooth decay.
o We can avoid it by brushing teeth twice a day, rinsing our mouth properly after meals, avoiding
uptake of sweets, dental floss etc
Oesophagus
o Oesophagus is also called the food pipe.
 The food from mouth after swallowing passes into oesophagus and is pushed down to
stomach by a special movement called peristalsis.
 This peristaltic movement takes place through out the alimentary canal which pushes the
food in downwards direction.

o At some times the stomach is not ready to take up food causing vomiting, where food is
expelled out from the oesophagus to mouth by reverse peristaltic movement.

Stomach
o Stomach is a flattened U shaped thick walled bag and widest part of the alimentary canal.
o It receives food from oesophagus at one end and pushes the food down into small intestine at the
other end.

Functions of stomach:
o The inner lining of stomach secretes mucous, hydrochloric acid and digestive juices.
o Mucous protects the lining of stomach.
o HCl makes the medium acidic so that digestive enzymes can perform their functions.
o Mainly protein digestion occurs in stomach.
o HCl also kills the bacteria that may have enter along with the food we eat.
o The digestive juices break down proteins into smaller substances.
Small intestine
o Small intestine is the longest part of alimentary canal which is highly coiled and about 7.5 metres
long.
o It secrets intestinal juice. It also receives bile juice from liver and pancreatic juice from pancreas.
Functions of small intestine:
o The intestinal juice secreted by small intestine completes the digestion of carbohydrates, proteins
and fats present in food mainly in the lower part of small intestine .

 
 The digested food can now pass into the blood vessels in the wall of the intestine. This
process is called absorption. The inner walls of the small intestine have thousands of finger-
like outgrowths. These are called villi

 The villi increase the surface area for absorption of the digested food. Each villus has a
network of thin and small blood vessels close to its surface

 The surface of the villi absorbs the digested food materials. The absorbed substances are
transported via the blood vessels

 They are used to build complex substances such as the proteins required by the body. This is
called assimilation

 In the cells, glucose breaks down with the help of oxygen into carbon dioxide and water, and
energy is released.
Large intestine
o It is wider and shorter than small intestine which is about 1.5 metre length.

Function:
o It absorbs water and some salts from the undigested food that comes from small intestine and
thus the semi-solid waste material [faeces] formed passes into
o This process of removal of faeces [semi-solid waste material] from rectum through anus from time
to time, is termed as Egestion
Digestion in grass eating animals
o Grass eating animals like cows, buffaloes are
called ruminants because they have a separate part of stomach
called rumen .They quickly swallow the grass and is stored in
rumen where it is partially digested forming cud.
o Rumination is the process by which cud returns to the mouth in
small lumps and then the animal chews it.
o Grass contain cellulose which is digested by special bacteria
present in a sac like structure located between small intestine and
large intestine.

Mode of feeding and digestion in amoeba

o Amoeba is a microscopic single-celled organism found in pond water which has a cell membrane,
a round, dense nucleus and many bubble like vacuoles.
o The shape of amoeba is variable.
o It has tiny finger like projections called pseudopodia or false feet for
movement and capture of food.
o It eats tiny organisms by spreading out its pseudopodia around its
food particle and then engulfing it.
o The food gets trapped inside food vacuole, into which digestive
juices are secreted and convert them into simpler substances.
o The digested food is then absorbed which is required for growth,
maintenance and multiplication.
o The undigested food is expelled out by vacuole.
UNSOLVED PROBLEMS
Q.1    Name the organs that make the alimentary canal.
Q.2    What is the role of hydrochloric acid in the stomach ?
Q.3    Why do we call animals heterotrophs ?
Q.4    What is the function of villi ?
Q.5    What happens to digested food after absorption?
Q.6    How does an amoeba capture its food ?
Q.7    What are villi ? What is their location and function ?
Q.8    What is the juice secreted by the liver called ? What does it do ?
Q.9    What happens to food in the small intestine ?
Q.10    What is pancreas and where is it located ?
Q.11    Draw a diagram of the tongue to show the location of various taste buds. 
Q.12    Which digestive juice is secreted in the mouth? What enzyme does it contain and what is its
function ?
Q.13    Draw a labelled digram of the alimentary cannal of humans.
Q.14    What is the role of stomach in the digestion process ?
Q.15    What happens to the food in the small intestine?
OLYMPIAD PROBLEMS
1.    Digestion within a digestive tract is -
    (A) incomplete
    (B) extracellular
     (C) the same as absorption
    (D) an irreversible process
 
2.    Which of the following regions of the alimentary canal of man does not secrete a digestive enzyme ? 
    (A) Oesophagus            (B) Stomach
     (C) Duodenum            (D) Mouth 
 
3.    A digestive enzyme, salivary amylase, in the saliva begin digestion of -
    (A) protein                 (B) nucleic acids
     (C) facts                   (D) carbohydrates
 
4.    If you chew on a piece of bread long enough, it will begin to taste sweet because -
    (A) maltase is breaking down maltose
    (B) lipases are forming fatty acids
     (C) amylase is breaking down starches to disaccharides
    (D) disaccharides are forming glucose 
 
5.    Saliva has the enzyme -
    (A) pepsin              (B) ptyalin
     (C) trypsin            (D) rennin
 
6.    Pepsin digests -
    (A)    proteins in stomach
    (B) carbohydrates in duodenum
     (C) proteins in duodenum
    (D) fats in ileum 
 
7.    Cheif function of HCl is -
    (A) to maintain a low pH to prevent growth of micro-organisms
    (B) to facilitate absorption
     (C) to maintain low pH to activate peptinogen to form pepsin
    (D) to dissolve enzyme secreted in stomach 
 
8.    If the stomach did not produce any hydrochloric acid, which enzyme will not function ?
    (A)    Ptyalin              (B) Trypsin
     (C) Pepsin                 (D) Collagenase
 
9.    Cheif function of bile is -
    (A) to digest fat by enzymatic action
    (B) to emulsify fat for digestion
     (C) to eliminate waste product
    (D) to regulate process of digestion 
 
10.    Ileum is -
    (A) First part of the small intestine
    (B) Middle part of the small intestine
     (C) Last part of the small intestine 
    (D) Not a part of the small intestine  
 
11.    Where is bile produced ?
    (A) In gall bladder               (B) In blood
     (C) In liver                         (D) In spleen
 
12.    Largest gland in human body is -
    (A) liver                           (B) pancreas
     (C) pituitary                   (D) thyroid
 
13.    The part of digestive system which helps in mixing food with saliva is -
    (A) teeth                         (B) oesophagus
     (C) tongue                     (D) lips
 
14.    Which of the following is not a part of nutrition-
    (A) digestion                 (B) absorption 
    (C) excretion                (D) assimilation
 
15.    Which of the organs produces bile ?
    (A) liver                       (B) pancreas
     (C) gallbladder           (D) gastric gland 
 
16.    An amoeba ingests food by -
    (A) cilia                       (B) tentacles
     (C) pseudopodia         (D) feeding tube 
 
17.    The walls of the large intestine absorb -
    (A) cellulose                (B) water
     (C) digested food       (D) digested proteins 
 
18.    Small intestine have this to increase the surface area for absorption -
    (A) villi                       (B) glands 
     (C) liver                    (D) pancreas
 
19.    Juice secreated by liver is -
    (A) bile                      (B) gastric 
     (C) pancreatic           (D) acid 
 
20.    Number of chambers in the stomach of ruminats is -
    (A) 4                 (B) 3                 (C) 2                   (D) 1
 
21.    Fat is completely digested in the 
    (A) Stomach     (B) Mouth         (C) Small intestine     (D) Large intestine
 
22.    Water and salts from the undigested food is absorbed mainly in :
    (A) Stomach     (B) Food pipe             (C) Mouth     (D) Large intestine
 
23.    No. of salivary glands in human beings is/are:
     (A) One pair    (B) Two pairs             (C) Three pairs     (D) Four pairs 
 
24.    Vitamin that can be synthesized by solar energy is:
    (A) A                (B) B                            (C) C                   (D) D 
 
25.    Villi are situated in :
    (A) Small intestine         (B) Large intestine         (C) Both (A) , (B)     (D)  Stomach
 
26.    Cud chewing animals are known as :
    (A) Frugivores         (B) Sangunivores         (C) Ruminants     (D) Cannibals
 
27.    Number of teeth which grow twice are :
    (A) 8                          (B) 14                            (C) 12               (D) 20
 
28.    Vitamin C helps in :
    (A)Vision                   (B) Healthy skin         (C) Wound healing     (D) None of these
 
29.    Most abundant organic compound on earth is :    
    (A) Protein                   (B) Cellulose              (C) Lipids                (D) Fat
 
30.    In ruminants bacterial action take places in :
    (A) Rumen                    (B) Food pipe             (C) Intestine         (D) All of the above
 
31.    Which of the following is not a function of vitamins :
    (A) Digestion                (B) Metabolism         (C) Growth         (D) None of these
 
32.    Vitamin that helps in normal vision is :
    (A) A                   (B) B                       (C) C                   (D) E 
 
33.    Amoeba is :
    (A) Unicellular         (B) Multicellular         (C) Microscopic    (D) (A), (C) both
 
34.    Partially digested food in rumen of ruminants is called :
    (A) Cud                   (B) Curd                  (C) Chyme               (D) Chyle
 
35.    Cellulose is a kind of :
    (A) Carbohydrates        (B) Protein             (C) Fat         (D) Vitamins 
 
36.    Diarrhoea occurs due to :
    (A) Infection         (B) Food poisoning         (C) Indigestion     (D) All of the above
 
37.    Largest digestive gland of body is :
    (A) Liver         (B) Pancreas             (C) Salivary gland     (D) All of the above
 
38.    No. of teeth that appears once in life time are 
    (A) 22        (B) 32            (C) 20        (D) 12
 
39.    Human digestive system could not digest :
    (A) Complex proteins    (B) Cellulose             (C) Fats         (D) All of these
 
40.    Pseudopodia of Amoeba helps in :
    (A) Movements         (B) Food intake         (C) Both (A), (B)         (D) Growth 
 
41.    The end product of fat digestion is -
    (A) Glucose        (B) Fatty acids & glycerol    (C) Amino acids        (D) Alkaloids
 
42.    The action of bile can be called -
    (A) Oxidation        
    (B) Emulsification    
    (C) Esterification    
    (D) Dehydrogenation
43.    Which set is mixed with the food in small intestine ?
    (A) Saliva, gastric juice, bile        
    (B) Gastric juice, bile, pancreatic juice
    (C) Bile, pancreatic juice, succus entericus
    (D) Bile, pancreatic juice and saliva
44.    A good source of lipase is -
    (A) Saliva        (B) Gastric juice    (C) Bile        (D) Pancreatic juice
45.    Enzymes required for digestion of fat is -
    (A) Amylase        (B) Trypsin        (C) Pepsin        (D) Lipase
46.    Ptyalin is an enzyme present in -
    (A) Gastric juice    (B) Pancreatic juice    (C) Intestinal juice    (D) Saliva
47.    Which one does not produce any digestive enzyme?
    (A) Pancreas        (B) Liver        (C) Stomach        (D) Duodenum
48.    The number of salivary glands present in human beings is -
    (A) 5 pairs        (B) 4 pairs        (C) 3 pairs        (D) 2 pairs
49.    Largest gland in the body is -
    (A) Liver        (B) Pancreas        (C) Gastric gland    (D) Adrenal
50.    Which of the following has no digestive enzyme?
    (A) Saliva        (B) Bile        (C) Gastric juice    (D) Intestinal juice
51.    The main organ for digestion and absorption of food is -
    (A) large intestine    (B) small intestine    (C) stomach        (D) liver
52.    Liver helps in -
     (A) Digestion of food    
    (B) Detoxification    
    (C) Secretion        
    (D) All of these
53.    Food pipe is the another name of -
    (A) Oesophagus    (B) Bile duct        (C) Salivary gland    (D) Pancreatic duct
54.    Total number of cannines in permanent dental set of human is -
    (A) 4                    (B) 6                     (C) 2                   (D) 12
55.    Starch is digested by -
    (A) Peptidase    (B) Amylase        (C) Lipase        (D) Proteinase
56.    Bile is produced by -
    (A) Stomach        (B) Liver        (C) Gall bladder    (D) Pancreas
 
57.    The liver stores food in the form of 
    (A) glucose        (B) glycogen        (C) albumen        (D) ATP
58.    Vermiform appendix is a part of 
    (A) alimentary canal    
    (B) nervous system
    (C) vascular system    
    (D) reproductive system
59.    Completion of digestion occurs in -
    (A) stomach        (B) large intestine    (C) liver        (D) small intestine
60.    Wisdom teeth in man are
    (A) incisor        (B) canine        (C) last molars    (D) all of these
61.    Digestion is 
    (A) conversion of large food particles into small food particles
    (B) conversion of small food particles into large food particles
    (C) conversion of food into protoplasm
    (D) conversion of non-diffusible food particles into diffusible food
62.    Muscular contractions of alimentary canal are 
    (A) circulation                     (B) deglutition
    (C) peristalsis                      (D) churning
63.    Which of the following regions of the alimentary canal of man does not secrete a digestive enzyme?
    (A) Oesophagus    (B) Stomach
    (C) Duodenum    (D) Mouth
64.    The incisor tooth is meant for
    (A) biting and cutting
    (B) chewing
    (C) munching and chewing
    (D) munching
65.    A bolus is 
    (A) a mass of crushed food moistened with saliva 
    (B) the semisolid material resulting from partial digestion in the stomach
    (C) the milky emulsified fat absorbed from small intestine
    (D)indigestible materials that helps in movement and absorption 
66.    Saliva has the enzyme
    (A) pepsin                   (B) ptyalin
    (C) trypsin                  (D) rennin
67.    Curdling of milk in the stomach is due to the action of 
    (A) pepsin                     (B) rennin
    (C) HCl                         (D) renin
68.    Chief function of HCl is
    (A) to maintain a low pH to prevent growth of micro-organisms
    (B) to facilitate absorption
    (C) to maintain low pH to activate pepsinogen to form pepsin
    (D) to dissolve enzyme secreted in stomach
69.    Bile is produced and stored by 
    (A) produced and stored by gall bladder
    (B) produced and stored by liver
    (C) produced in liver and stored in gall bladder
    (D) produced in gall bladder and stored in liver 
70.    Ileum is 
    (A) first part of the small intestine    
    (B) middle part of the small intestine    
    (C) last part of the small intestine    
    (D) not a part of the small intestine
NTSE/STSE/IJO PROBLEMS
Section-A
•    Fill in the blanks
1.    The largest gland in the human body is __________.
2.    No. of milk teeth in human body is __________.
3.    The stomach release hydrochloric acid and __________ juices which act on food.
4.    __________ is the false feet of Amoeba.
5.    Amoeba digests its food in the __________.
6.    __________ helps in cellulose digestion in Ruminants.
7.    Cellulose is a __________.
8.    __________ cannot be digested by human alimentary canal.
9.    ORS is given to prevent __________.
10.    Bile is secreted by __________, which help in digestion of __________.
11.    Digested food is absorbed in __________ with the help of __________.
12.    Working of stomach is observed by __________.
13.    Removal of faecal matter from anus is called __________.
14.    Saliva helps in break down of __________.
15.    Intake of food is called __________.
Section-B
•    Write true of false or following statements:
16.    Digestion of fat occurs in stomach.
17.    The tongue helps in mixing food with saliva.
18.    The gall bladder store bile.
19.    The ruminants bring back swallowed grass into their mouth and chew it for some time.
20.    Bile lacks digestive enzyme.
21.    No digestion occurs in oesophagus.
22.    Amino acids are end products of Fat digestion.
23.    Large intestine helps in sugar absorption.
24.    Partially digested food in rumen is called chyme.
25.    Process of digestion is completed in small intestine.
Section-C
26.    Plaque is:
(A)     hard, protective covering on the tooth
(B)    soft covering of the tooth whichis present below the visible part
(C)     the cavity which contains nerves and blood vessels in a tooth
(D)    Sticky film of food, saliva and bacteria near the gums
 
27.     Dentine is :
(A)    hard, protective covering on the
tooth
(B)    the cavity which contains nerves and blood vessels in a tooth
(C)    the soft, invisible covering present in a tooth
(D)     the nerve that connects tooth and the brain
28.    The study of teeth is called :
(A)    dentistry                     (B)     dermatology
(C)     neurology                  (D)     cardiology
29.    The cavity present in the tooth is called: 
(A)    pulp cavity     
(B)     nasal cavity
(C)     abdominal cavity
(D)    chest cavity
30.     For healthy teeth and bones the fol- lowing mineral is required:
(A)     iron                          (B)    calcium
(C)    sodium                      (D)     magnesium
31.     Blood vessels and nerves of a tooth are present in :
(A)    pulp cavity
(B)    dentine
(C)     crown of a tooth
(D)     enamel
32.    Amoeba procures food through
(A)    proboscis                (B)    pseudopodia
(C)    cilia                        (D)     tongue
33.    Pseudopodia are
(A)    Wise feet developed in some unicellular organisms 
(B)     small hairlike structures present on the unicellular organisms
(C)     a long, tube like structure coming out of the mouth
(D)     suckers which are attached to the walls of intestines
34.     The process of taking in food from the environment is called
(A)    ingestion                        (B)     digestion                 (C)    assimilation                  (D)     nutrition
35.    Enzymes are
(A)    substances which are broken into simpler substances during digestion
(B)     substances which are made by the combination of carbohydrates
(C)    substances which break complex food molecules into simpler food molecules
(D)     substances which break complex substances and they themselves undergo dissociation reactions
36.    Assimilation is
(A)     the process of breaking large food molecules into simpler molecules
(B)     the process by which undigested food is ejected out of the body
(C)    the process by which the digested food carried by the blood is taken in by the cells of the body
(D)     process of inter-exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between haemoglobin and the cells of the
body
37.    The digestion of food in amoeba is
(A)    intracellular                                      (B)     intercellular
(C)     intravenous                                    (D)     none of these
38.    The tube starting at mouth and ending at anus is called
(A)    oesophagus    
(B)    food cavity
(C)    alimentary canal
(D)    elementary canal
39.    Food  absorbed through 
(A)    villi                                            (B)    blood
(C)    blood platelets                           (D)    amylase
40.    Large intestine absorbs
    (A)    digested food
    (B)    undigested food
    (C)    water
    (D)    remaining enzymes
41.    The undigested, semisolid food is called 
(A)    anus                                (B)    faeces
(C)    rectum                            (D)    villi
42.    The function of hydrochloric acid in 
the stomach is
(A)    to digest carbohydrates
(B)     to clean the stomach
(C)     to kill the germs
(D)    to break down proteins
43.    The longest part of the alimentary canal is
(A)    oesophagus                            (B)    large intestine
(C)    small intestine                        (D)     stomach
44.    Most of the digestion and absorption 
of the food takes place in
(A)     stomach                                  (B)     liver
(C)    small intestine                          (D)    large intestine
45.     Bile is secreted by
(A)     stomach                                  (B)    small intestine
(C)    pancreas                                  (D)    liver
46.    The digestion taking place in small intestine is 
(A)    intracellular                             (B)    extracellular
(C)    both                                          (D)     none
47.    Various steps of human nutrition are in the order
(A)    ingestion, egestion, digestion, absorption and assimilation
(B)    ingestion, egestion, assimilation, absorption and assimilation
(C)    ingestion, assimilation, digest-ion, absorption and egestion
(D)    ingestion, digestion, absorption,
assimilation and egestion
48.    Digestion starts and ends from 
(A)    mouth to small intestine
(B)    mouth to large intestine
(C)    mouth to anus
(D)    mouth to rectum
49.    The salivary glands secrete 
(A)    amylase                                     (B)     pepsin
(C)    trypsin                                       (D)     bile juice
50.    The process of breaking down food chewing is called
(A)    digestion                                   (B)     assimilation 
(C)    salivation                                  (D)    mastication
51.    The glands situated around the mouth that secrete amylase enzyme are called
(A)    salivary glands
(B)    pituitary glands
(C)    hypothalamus glands
(D)    extracellular glands
52.    The part of alimentary canal that runs from the mouth to stomach is called
    (A)    trachea                                    (B)    bronchi
    (C)    oesopagus                               (D)    intestine
53.    Peristalsis is
(A)    wearing out of colour on the parts of leaves due to lack of carbon dioxide and chlorophyll
(B)    process of breakdown of large food molecules into simpler molecules by the amylase enzyme
(C)    movement of food through  alimentary canal by the wavelike movement controlled by involuntary
muscles
(D)     process by which digested food is carried by the blood to different cells in the body
54.    Stomach secretes
(A)    dilute hydrochloric acid
(B)     dilute sulphuric acid
(C)     dilute citric acid
(D)     dilute nitric acid
55.    Glands in the walls of the stomach secrete an enzyme called
(A)     amylase                      (B)     trypsin
(C)    pepsin                         (D)     serotonin
56.    In the above diagram, the teeth marked II represent
(A)     incisors
(B)    canines
(C)     molars
(D)    premolars
57.     Teeth marked I represent
(A)    incisors                        (B)    canines  
(C)     molars                         (D)     premolars
58.     The teeth used to grind are marked as
(A)     I                                 (B)    II
(C)    III                               (D)    IV
59.     Teeth marked III are also called
(A)     cracking teeth
(B)    molars
(C)     tearing teeth
(D)     canines
60.    Match the following
1. Incisors                  a. Grinding teeth
2. Canines                  b. Cracking teeth
3. Premolars              c. Cutting teeth
4. Molars                  d. Tearing teeth
(A)    1 – d, 2-d, 3-a, 4-c
(B)    1-b, 2-a, 3-d, 4-c
(C)     1-c, 2-b, 3-d, 4-a
(D)    1-c, 2-d, 3-b, 4-a
61.    An adult has …….. teeth.
(A)    20                         (B)     24
(C)    28                         (D)    32
62.    Which of the following is not true for the are of teeth?
(A)    We should not chew the food
(B)     We should not eat too many sweets
(C)    We should brush twice a day
(D)    We should eat raw fruits and vegetables
63.    Which of the following is a soft  material in the teeth?
(A)     Dentine                (B)    Pulp
(C)    Enamel                  (D)     Root
64.    The outer portion of the tooth is called.
(A)    crown                              (B)     root
(B)     enamel                            (D)     pulp
65.    Which of the following correctly represents the passage of food in our body? 
(A)     Mouth                   (B) Mouth
    
          Stomach                     Food pipe
          Food pipe                  Stomach     
         Small  intestine          Small intestine
(C)     Mouth                    (D)  Mouth
          Stomach                     Small intestine
          Small intestine           Food pipe
         Food pipe                    Stomach
66.    Which of the following is not a good habit?
(A)     Washing our hands before eating food
(B)     Eating regularly at the same time in a day
(C)    Swallowing the food without chewing it
(D)     Eating fresh and warm food
67.    Our stomach expands when the food enters and contracts when it goes out.  Thus the stomach can
expand and contract. This is possible because our stomach is made of
(A)     bones                           (B)    muscles
(C)     blood                           (D)     iron
68.    The soft, sticky layer formed on the
tooth which is harmful is
(A)     Enamel                      (B)    Plaque
(C)    Dentine                       (D)     Pulp
69.    Fill the blank.
    Sugar + Plaque 
(A)    Starch                      (B)     Enamel
(C)    Acids                       (D)     Microbes
70.    Our stomach is located
(A)     in the head
(B)    in the left side of the body
(C)     in the right side of the body
(D)     below the abdomen
71.    The inner layer of the stomach releases
(A)     water     
(B)    blood
(C)     minerals    
(D)    digestive juices
72.    Digested food is absorbed by
(A)     heart                            (B)     lungs
(C)    blood                            (D)     water
73.    Raju got stomachache. Which of the following could be a reason?
(A)     He ate food at seven in the evening
(B)    He drank water after eating food
(C)    He did not ‘chew the food properly
(D)    He did not wash his hands properly after eating food
74.    Which of the following animal pops out its stomach through mouth?
(A)     Snail                                   (B)     Hydra
(C)    Star fish                               (D)     Amoeba
75.    Which of the following have taste suds?
(A)     Palate     
(B)     Mucous lining
(C)    Tongue 
(D)     None of
76.    Why do we get hiccups while eating?
(A)     Due to spicy food
(B)    Food particles enter the wind pipe
(C)     Food particles enter the food pipe
(D)     Any infection in throat
77.    Which of the following is the stomach part in which herbivores secretes the grass which is swallowed
quickly.
    (A)     Lumen        
    (B)     Pyloric
    (C)    Rumen     
    (D)     lleum
78.    Which of the following diseases shows the symptoms of watery stool frequently?
(A)    Jaundice    
(B)    Malaria
(C)    Diarrhoea     
(D)     None of these
79.    Partially digested food in ruminants is 
(A)     Chyme                          (B)    Cud
(C)     Bolus                            (D)     All of these
80.    ln Amoeba which of the following helps in digestion.
(A)     Pseudopodia     
(B)     Cytoplasm
(C)     Nucleus 
(D)    Vacuole
ANSWER KEY 
                         EXERCISE-II
1.     D                   2.    A                3.    D                4.     A                  5.      B                  6.     A               
7.     C    
8.     C                   9.     B              10.     C             11.    C                  12.    A                  13.     C             
14.      C    
15.     A                16.     C             17.     B             18.     A                  19.     A                20.     A             
21.    C    
22.    D                23.    C               24.    D              25.    A                  26.    C                 27.    D             
28.    C
29.    B                30.    A              31.    A                32.    A                  33.    D                34.    A               
35.    A    
36.    D                37.    A              38.    D               39.    B                  40.    C                 41    B                 
42.    B    
43.    C                 44.    D             45.    D               46.    D                  47.    B                 48.    C               
49.    A    
50.    B                51.    B              52.    D                53.    A                  54.    A                 55.    B               
56.    B
57.    B                58.    A              59.    D                 60.    C                  61.    D                62.    C               
63.    A    
64.    A                65.    A              66.    B                 67.    B                  68.    C                 69.    C               
70.    C
                            EXERCISE-III
Section-A
    1.    liver                      2.    20                                      3.    Gastric     
    4.    Pseudopodia         5.    Food vacuole                     6.    Caecum
    7.    Carbohydrate        8.    Cellulose                           9.    Diarrhoea
    10.    Liver, fat            11.    Small intestine, villi        12.    Beaumont 
    13.    Egestion             14.    Starch                              15.    Ingestion
Section-B
    16.    (F)    17.    (T)    18.    (T)        19.    (T)         20.    (T)
     21.    (T)     22.    (F)    23.    (F)         24.    (F)         25.    (T) 
                             Section-C
    26.     D    27.    C    28.    A    29.     A    30.      B    31.     A    32.     B    
    33.     A    34.     A    35.     C    36.    C    37.    A    38.     A    39.      A    
    40.     C    41.     B    42.     C    43.     C    44.     C    45.     D    46.    B    
    47.    D    48.    A    49.            A    50.    D    51.    A    52.    C    53.    C
    54.    A    55.    C    56.    B    57.    A    58.    D    59.    A    60.    D
    
    61.    D    62.    A    63.    B    64.    A    65.    B    66    C    67.    B
    
    68.    C    69.    C    70.    B    71.    C    72.    C    73.    C    74.    C
    
    75.    C    76.    B    77.    C    78.    C,A    79.    B    80.    D