A REVIEW: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION USING LI-FI

D.Monica, Jaya Engineering College sribhuvaneswarienterprises@gmail.com

J.Saranya, Jaya Sakthi Engineering College jsaranya1498@gmail.com

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I. ABSTRACT

The rise of artificial intelligence, virtual reality augmented reality and much more.
One such technology that is so promising that it can revolutionize the way we transfer data is
Li-Fi. The LI-FI is the newest technology in the Field of wireless communication. Nowadays
many people are using internet to fulfill their task through wired or wireless. As the number
of users is increases the rate of data transmission in the wireless network gets automatically
decreases.

At the time of using wireless internet at any place whether it is own or stealing from
others, one has probably gotten frustrated because of the slow speed of internet when more
devices are connected to a single router. Dr. Harald Haas has come up with a solution for
those he calls “Data through illumination”. LI-FI is a new epoch of high intensity light source
of solid state design which bring clean lighting solutions to general and speciality lighting.
LI-FI is now part of the VLC as is implemented using white LED light bulbs. Data
transmission takes place from this LED bulb by varying the current at extremely high speeds
which undetectable by the human eye.

II. INTRODUCTION

This new technology is Li-Fi. Li-Fi stands for LightFidelity. Light-Fidelity is a branch of
optical wireless communication which is an emerging technology. Simply, LiFi is nothing but
Wi-Fi using light. By using light data can transmit. Li-Fi technology came into existence in
2011.German scientist professor Herald Hass was coined the term Li-Fi and promoted Li-Fi.
Li-Fi is used for enjoying high data transfer rate. Li-Fi is a fast and cheap optical version of
Wi-Fi. It is based on Visible Light communication (VLC) which is used to transmit data
using the spectrum of visible light. Light reaches nearly everywhere so communication can
also go along with light easily. Wi-Fi use radio spectrum to transmit data, but due to shortage
of radio frequencies it having some limitation.

This paper gives a new idea to the very popular LED’s as high speed data transmitters. LED
can be used as a replacement to RF communication for short ranges to some extent. VLC has
no health hazards associated with it. If this technology can be put into practical use, every
bulb can be used something like a Wi-Fi hotspot to transmit wireless data and we will
 proceed toward the cleaner, greener, safer and brighter future. The excess radio frequency
spectrum demands of cellular networks and Wi-Fi can be met by using Li-Fi. Li-Fi has
incredible data rates that can be put into use as a solution in many real time applications.

III. HOW LI-FI WORKS:

This very property of optical current is used in li-fi setup. The operational procedure is very
simple, if the LED is on, you transmit a digital one, if it’s off you transmit a 0.the LED’s can
be switched on and off very quickly, which gives nice opportunity for transmitting data.
Hence all that is required is some LEDs and a controller that code data into those LEDs. All
one has to do is to vary the rate at which the LEDs flicker depending upon the data we want
to encode.

Fig: working of li-fi

Further enhancement can be made in this method, like using an array of LEDs for parallel
data transmission. Such advancement promises a theoretical speed of 10gbps—meaning one
can download a full high- definition film in just 30 seconds.

To further get a grasp of li-fi consider an IR remote. It sends a single data stream of bits at the
rate of 10,000-20,000 bps. Now replace the IR LED with a light box containing a large LED
array. The shown figure is capable of sending thousaands of such stream at very fast rate.

IV. BLOCKDIAGRAM:
 The input given data is fed to the modulator. The modulated output is passed through
light source(LED) which is detected by photodetector and the output from photodetector is
demodulated to get the original output data.

V. FLOWCHART:

VI. COMPARISON BETWEEN LI-FI AND WI-FI:

VII. OVERCOME OF LI-FI FROM WI-FI:

Capacity: With the advent of new technologies like 3G, 4G we are running out of radio
spectrum as its capacity are drying up. Compare to this VLC spectrum has more spectrum
space than radio spectrum as light boxes are already present and already installed.

Efficiency: There are 14 lacks cellular radio base stations with efficiency of each station is
just 5%. In base station most of the energy has been used for cooling system. Li-Fi is highly
efficient because LED consumes less energy.

Security: Radio waves can penetrate through walls and hence can be intercepted and
misused it.Light waves do not infiltrate through walls. Hence they can’t be intercepted.

Availability: We have to switch off mobiles in aircrafts and petrol pump is also area where
mobile phones are restricted. Light is present everywhere. Data is present where light is
present.

VIII. ADVANTAGES:

 Higher speed than wi-fi.

 10000 times the frequency spectrum of radio.
 More secure because data cannot be intercepted without a clear line of sight.
 Eliminates neighbouring network interference.
 Unimpaded by radio interference.
 Pollution free from environment.

IX. DISADVANTAGES:

 Light cannot pass through objects.

 A major challenge facing lifi is how the receiving device will transmit back to
transmitter.
 High installation cost of the VLC system.
 Interference from external light source like sun, light,normal bulbs, opaque
materials.

X. APPLICATIONS:

1.use in hospitals: Many treatments now involve multiple individuals.li-fi systems could be
a better system to transmit communication about the information of patients besides
providing a higher speed, light waves also have little effect on medical instruments and
human bodies.

2.Use in industrial automation: Anywhere in industrial areas data has to be transmitted li-fi
is capable to replace slip rings, sliding contacts and short cables such as industrial ethernet.
Due to real time capability of li-fi which is often required for automation processess, it is also
an alternative to common industrial wireless LAN standards.
 3. uses in vehicles: Vehicles could communicate with one another via front and back lights
to increase road safety. Also street lights and traffic signals could also provide information
about current road situations. The contrast of radio frequency waves used in wi-fi lights
cannot penetrate through walls and doors. This makes it more secure and makes it easier to
control who can connect to your network. As long as transparent materials like windows are
covered, access to a li-fi channel is limited to devices inside the room.

4.underwater communication: Since radiowaves cannot be used under water because these
waves are strongly absorbed by sea water within feet of their transmission and this rendens it
unusual underwater but lifi is suitable for underwater communication.

5.health sector: Since wifi is not safe to be used in hospitals and other various health care
sector because it penetrates human body. Lifi can be implemented and well suit in this sector.

XI. CHALLENGES OF LI-FI

Apart from many advantages over wi-fi technology, it is facing few challenges which is need
to be overcome. For the transmission of data it requires line of sight. We lose access to the
internet, if the light source malfunctions. For internet access we become dependent of light
source.We have to deal with changing weather conditions ,if the apparatus is set up outdoors.
As visible light can’t penetrate through brick walls so, it can be easily blocked by somebody
simply walking in front of LED source. A major challenge is how the receiving device will
transmit the data back to transmitter.

XII. CONCLUSION:

If LI-FI technology can be put into practical use, every bulb used to transmit a data and will
lead toward the cleaner, greener, safer and brighter future. LI-FI may solve issues such as
theshortage of radio-frequency bandwidth and is aimed at creating new communication
channels with the use of existing equipment. Currently, the LI-FIconcept is attracting a great
deal of interest, because it provides anauthentic and very efficient alternative to wireless
device which used radio spectrum.The possibilities are numerous and can be explored further.
If his technology can be put into practical use, every bulb can be used something like a wi-fi
hotspot to transmit wireless data and we will proceed toward the cleaner, greener, safer and
brighter future.

XIII. REFERENCE:
1. An article on LI-FI appeared in The Economist (Jan 28th 2012): Visible-light Communication:
Tripping the light fantastic - http://www.economist.com/node/21543470
2. Wireless data from every light bulb Harald Haas, TED Global, Edinburgh, July 2011
3. Li-Fi Technology - http://oledcomm.com/lifi.html
4. Li-Fi, Internet at speed of light - gadgeteer.com/2011/08/29/Li-Fi-internet-at-the speed- oflight
5. Jyoti Rani, PrernaChauhan, RitikaTripathi, ―Li-Fi (Light Fidelity)-Thefuture technology In Wireless
communication‖, International Journal ofApplied Engineering Research, ISSN 0973-4562 Vol.7 No.11
(2012).
6. Jay H. Bhut, Dharmrajsinh N. Parmar, Khushbu V. Mehta- LI-FI Technology – A Visible Light
Communication, International Journal Of Engineering Development And Research ISSN: 2321-9939
7. Shubham Chatterjee, Shalabh Agarwal , AsokeNath-Scope and Challenges in Light Fidelity(LiFi)
Technology inWireless Data Communication , International Journal of Innovative Research in
Advanced Engineering (IJIRAE) ISSN: 23492163Issue 6, Volume 2 (June 2015)