INFANT CARDIO – PULMONARY RESUSCITATION

Is a techniques of basic life support for the purpose of oxygenation of the heart,
lungs and brain until and unless the appropriate medical treatment can come and
restore the normal cardiopulmonary function.

Purposes
1. To maintain an open and clear airway
2. To maintain breathing by external ventilation
3. To maintain blood circulation by external cardiac massages
4. To save life of the infant/children
5. To provide basic life support till medical and advanced life support arrives
Materials Needed
o Backboard or other hard surface
o Non sterile gloves & Mask
o Manual defibrillator or an AED equipped with a pediatric attenuator
o Advanced airway supplies (e.g., LMA, ETT, Combitube) in pediatric sizes
o Bag Valve Mask
 ASSESSMENT

Make sure the scene is safe for you and

the infant

Place the infant on his or her back.

Tap the infant’s foot and check for
response.
 Sharply taps the sole of the infant’s
bare foot while speaking loudly to
the infant.

If the infant is unresponsive and is not

breathing (or only gasping), send
someone to activate the emergency
response system. CALL FOR HELP
 IMPLEMENTATION

Dons gloves, if readily available, to

comply with standard precautions.
DO NOT DELAY CPR TO LOCATE PPE

Open the airway using Head-tilt Chin

Lift Maneuver:
 Place one hand on the infant’s
forehead and push with your palm
to tilt the head back.
 Place the fingers of the other hand
under the bony part of the lower
jaw near the chin.
 Lift the jaw to bring the chin
forward. The head is in a neutral
or sniffing position.
 If there is a possibility of a
 broken neck, place the victim on
his or her back without moving
the neck or chin.
Check the infant’s breathing (for at
least 5 seconds and no more than 10
seconds):
 Place your ear near the infant’s
mouth and nose.
 While observing the infant’s
chest:
 Look for chest to rise and
fall
 Listen for air escaping
during exhalation
 Feel for the flow of air
against your cheek
If no breathing, give 2 breaths using
Mouth to mouth and nose:
 Maintain an open airway
following procedure 2.
 Cover the infant's nose and mouth
with your mouth or a protective
barrier.
 Give 2 gentle puffs or breaths of
air instead of a deep breath. Each
puff is given 2 seconds apart
because each gentle breath should
last 1 second.
 If the chest rises, breathe a gentle
puff or breathe into the victim's
mouth a second time.
 If the chest doesn't rise, tilt the
victim's head back and chin down
again. Then breathe into the
 victim's mouth a second time.
 If the chest still doesn't rise, check
inside the mouth for a foreign
object after chest compressions. If
an object is visible, sweep the
mouth with your fingers and
remove the object. Take care not
to push the object further into
the throat.
USING A BAG-VALVE MASK (1
ventilation about every 3 seconds).
 Position the mask over the infant’s
mouth and nose.
 Seal the mask over the nose,
around the mouth, and above the
chin area and open the airway
using the EC Clamp Technique –
With your non-dominant hand, use
 the three fingers to lift the jaw
(they form the “E” while the thumb
and the index finger hold the mask
to the face (making a “C”).
 Using the dominant hand, squeeze
the bag slowly until the chest rises.
Give 1 ventilation about every 3
seconds. The chest should fall
before the subsequent ventilation
is given.
 After delivering 2 effective
ventilations, follow procedure 5 to
check the pulse.
After delivering 2 effective breaths,
take at least 5 seconds and no more
than 10 seconds to check for a pulse:
 Place 2 to 3 fingers on the inside of
the upper arm, between the
 infant’s elbow and shoulder
 Press the index and middle fingers
gently on the inside of the upper
arm for at least 5 seconds and no
more than 10 seconds when
attempting to feel the brachial.
If no pulse, or if the heart rate is less
than 60 beats per minute with signs of
poor perfusion, perform cycles of
compressions and ventilation (30
compressions: 2 breaths ratio for
one- rescuer; 15 compressions:2
breaths ratio for two- rescuer):
 Place the infant on a firm, flat
surface while maintaining the
airway
 Move or remove clothing from the
infant’s chest
 Draw an imaginary line between
the nipples. Place 2 fingers on the
breast-bone just below this line.
This will allow you to compress on
the lower half of the breastbone.
Do not press on the xiphoid
process
 To give chest compressions, place
2 fingers in the middle of the
sternum press the infant’s
breastbone down about 1/3 to ½
the depth of the chest.
 After each compression
completely release the pressure on
the breast bone and allow the
chest to recoil or re-expand
completely
 Deliver compressions in a smooth
 fashion for 30 times (30
compressions at 100-120
compressions per minute)
 Then repeat procedure number 2
and 4 for 2 breaths
After 5 cycles, activate emergency
response system. Then continue CPR
until you see signs of life or until
medical personnel arrive.