History of calculator

1. At the past, Man had only his fingers and toes to use as counting
devices
2. but it was recorded around 2000, the first tool for  mathematical
computations was created, called The abacus . It was a table of
successive columns with beads or stones which could be used for addition
or subtraction.  This isn't useful for multiplication or division,that's why
there is still a necessity for the invention of a new and more sophisticated
device.
3. And by the year 1617, Napier’s bones were invented by John Napier.
Although these assisted people doing mental calculations, this was not
considered true“calculators,”.
4. It followed the invention of the CALCULATING CLOCK in 1623, which
was regarded as the First Adding Machine created by WILHELM
SCHICKARD.
5. Then, In 1642, that is the time the first true “calculator” was invented,it
was called The PASCAL CALCULATOR,created by French inventor and
mathematician Blaise Pascal. It uses geared wheels and performs all four
arithmetic operations without relying on human intelligence
7. And, At the beginning of the 17th century, the first mechanical
calculators began to appear, "The slide rule". It uses logarithmic scales to
allow rapid multiplication and division, advanced trigonometry and
logarithms, exponentials and even square roots.
8. It followed by the invention of The ARITHMOMETER, which was
considered the First Commercially Produced Mechanical Calculator
invented by CHARLES THOMAS DE COLMAR. This was regarded as a
successful calculating machine to complete all four basic operations —
addition, subtraction, multiplication and division — that's why it was
considered the first reliable calculator that was commercialized.
9. 1945, Curt Herzstark invented the first handheld, mechanical calculator.
It has a stout pepper grinder shape, capable of doing the calculations that
business people, students, and bankers needed and was portable enough
to carry around.
10. Then, in 1954 the First All-Transistor Calculator was invented by IBM,
the IBM 608 . It uses solid-state transistors and could store 40 nine-digit
numbers and perform 4,500 additions per second,
13. in 1971: First Truly Pocket-Sized Electronic Calculator to use LED
Display was invented by BUSICOM, called The “HANDY” This is the first
to use a “calculator on a chip” integrated circuit
14. and during 1974: First Handheld Programmable Calculator was
invented by: HEWLETT-PACKARD, The HP-65.. It has user-definable keys
and was the first pocket calculator with base conversions
15. Improvements of calculators does not stop there, because in 1985:
First Graphing Calculator by CASIO was invented . It offered 82 scientific
functions, and its display could toggle between 8 lines of 16 characters
each.
19. And with the invention of the first smartphone in 1995, Many
companies, like Apple, released a PDA which features a virtual digital
calculator. And By the mid-2000s the. Blackberry, Apple iPhone, Android,
and Windows Phones features a digital calculators as standard with their
OS
20. Then Year 2003, when the First Graphing Calculator with Touch
Functionality develop, the SHARP EL-9650 This calculator had a
slideshow functionality that allowed teachers to walk through formulas and
pre-programmed lessons
21. And By the year 2010: First Color Graphing Calculator called the
CASIO PRIZM was invented. This allows students to create graphs over
images, which helps them understand the real-world applications of their
work.