CAMP TINIO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

REVISE YOUR
TITLE Eleusine Indica (Paragis) As Alternative Componets In Manufacturing Papers

Please check
A Research Project
your format
Presented to

the Faculty of the Junior High School

Camp Tinio National High School

Cabanatuan City

In Practical Fulfillment of

The Requirements

In Research II

By:

Liezel Joy G. Solis

Jennilyn S. Gayla

Phoebe Rose L. Miguel

SY: 2020 – 2021

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BOLD
CHAPTER I

BOLD
THE PROBLEM AND REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
BOLD
Introduction

Trees are essential part of our lives, they have a big role in our everyday life. They

give us oxygen so, we can breathe freely and breathe fresh air every day, they use their big
REVISE
and sturdy roots so they can hold water whenever there’s a typhoon that causes flood, they

use their big branches so birds and other animals use them as a shelter and home for their

family.

As time passes by, our trees slowly became a scarce to our environment and

especially in our Mother Nature. This became a main problem to the industry world because

raw materials are mostly made from trees and without trees, they can’t make things that can

help us through our daily lives. But as we keep on damaging our mountains and cutting our

trees, we cannot do this and possibly, put our Earth in jeopardy which can lead to a thousand

more natural disaster that can take millions of lives. The 61% of world has a bare ground loss

but that was just in the last 2 years (2018) due to manufacturing furniture, houses and a

specially papers.

In paper industry, the percentage of trees harvested worldwide for manufacturing

papers are fully 42% goes to paper production and this is an issue because most population in

the world uses paper for their works and studies so this paper production cannot be stopped at

any cost.
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Researchers like us are still finding a way to solve this issue and are finding an

alternative component to replace trees into manufacturing paper but it was like it’s still

wasn’t enough to fix this problem in our nature. Us researchers in Camp Tinio National High
* Please outline your variables
BOLD School are aiming to save trees by* using Eleusine
use proper Indica
citation (Paragis) to create and manufacture
(APA)
* Begin the Review of the Literature with a brief introduction
paper instead of using trees, not only we’re
of the topicgoing to save
(optional) andtrees but chapter
end the we are saving our Mother
with a brief
conclusion of the major points covered (mandatory).
Earth from possible extinction. * Show all sides of the topic and proceed from general to
specific.
Review of Related Literature

Haggith (2008) entitled Paper Trails: From Trees to Trash-the True Cost of Paper.
Paraphrase
your RRL Paper maps the course of our lives, from the medical sheets in maternity wards to our death

certificates. It spreads ideas and learning, paradoxically, as well as thousands of tons of junk

mail, but our reliance on this content is destroying our world and producing needless

mountains of waste. She uncovers the dirtiest secrets of the paper industry in the process and

points out quick, practical measures we can take to eliminate our own personal use of 20 tons

of paper during our lifetime.

Elmendorf (2008) entitled The importance of trees and nature in community. A

increasing body of literature and experience revolves around the relationships between

nature, social environments, and social processes such as interaction that are beneficial and

related. This literature argues that a vital component of personal and collective pride and

well-being and a catalyst for concerted action is the natural environment. In addition, it

argues that encouraging individuals to become involved in the process of developing and
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preserving landscapes and parks enhances social engagement, builds community capacity,

and supports both development of community and community.

Basak, Samanta, et.al (2015) entitled Thermally stable cellulosic paper made using

banana pseudostem sap, a wasted by-product. By applying a bio-enriched version of banana

pseudostem sap (BPS) as well as the only BPS obtained as a by-product during fiber

extraction from the pseudostem, the fire resistant property was imparted to cellulosic paper.

The papers were evaluated by measurement of the limiting oxygen index and vertical

flammability for their flame retardant properties. The imparted fire retardant finish, which

was found to be durable for weathering, caused no significant loss of the paper's tear and

tensile properties.

Makinano, Cimafranca (2008) entitled Utilization of Unwanted Weed, Paragis Leaves (Eleusine indica Linn.)

in Cookie Production. Paragis is a common grass that is abundant, but is considered to have no economic value and can

be seen everywhere. The aim of the study was generally to formulate cookies with powdered paragis leaves and mashed

bananas in order to add value to this grass, and specifically to assess the sensory quality of the product. Using the optimal

combination, it can be inferred that paragis leaves may be used in the manufacture of cookies, giving the unwanted

product potential value.

Carstens (2011) entitled Layered paper having a soft and smooth velutinous surface,

and method of making such paper. A layered paper and method of making it, which is

characterized by a soft, relatively untextured smooth velutinous surface described by a

multiplicity of relatively flaccid papermaking fibers with substantial long unbonded free end

parts, and which surface is subjectively discernible as being extremely soft and smooth by
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humans. Tissue paper and tissue paper products comprising one or more cells of such paper

are exemplary embodiments.

Figueirôa, Parey, et.al (2010) entitled Effects of cutting regimes in the dry and wet

season on survival and sprouting of woody species from the semi-arid caatinga. The cutting

of plants for wood, charcoal and paper production is a regular activity. The various forms of

cutting did not have a major effect on the survival of the trees, but had an influence on their

sprouting potential, the degree of which depended on the species and care. Coppicing was the

least recommended procedure for the management of Mimosa during the rainy season, as it

resulted in relatively high mortality.

BOLD
Statement of the Problem

This study aims to provide an alternative component in manufacturing papers through

the use of Paragis. Also, the study ought to lessen the trees getting cut down to produce a

million of papers that is harmful in all of us.

Specifically, this study aims to answer the following questio ns:

1. Is there a significant effect when Paragis is used as the main

component in manufacturing papers?

2. How will “Elusine Indica (Paragis) as alternative component in

manufacturing papers” be described in terms of?

2.1 Cost Change your

variables
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2.2 Efficiency

BOLD Hypothesis

After identifying the above problem, the following hypothesis were

formulated:

Ho: There is no significant effect when Eleusine Indica (Paragis) was

used to manufacture papers. There is no significant effect when Paragis is used

as the main component in manufacturing papers.

Ha: There is significant effect when Eleusine Indica (Paragis) was

used to manufacture papers.

BOLD
Significance of the Study

The study will be helpful to lessen the trees being cut down to

manufacture a papers this study will merit the following;

Students - This study will serve as the students’ alternative answer sheet and

Give serving as their guide in the constructing of more ideas that is relevant to this
additional
field that product.
would
benefit
from your School - This study will serve as the alternative material in the development
study
of a paper that we typically use in school.
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Environment - This actual product will help the environment to lessen the

trees getting cut down.

Researchers - This study will be helpful to other researchers which can serve

as their reference for those who conducted relevant study.

BOLD Scope and Delimitation * Specify the main focus of the study
* State what are the areas that will be not be included in this study

This study focused on how to use the Paragis instead of trees in making

a paper to minimize the trees getting cut down.

The study was conducted from Camp Tinio National High School

(CTNHS), S.Y. 2020-2021.

BOLD State the *discuss your concept

Conceptual Framewor k basis of * discuss the research paradigm
your study

This study was based on the concept of trees and manure of an animal

specifically the elephant to produce a paper. Thus, the researchers only find a

way to use the materials that are commonly available on our surrounding

which can possibly be use under the same purpose.

The researchers conducted this study to produce a papers that is made

of Paragis.
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Revise
Research Paradigm

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

`

 Paragis
 Drying  “Eleusine
 Mold
 Boiling Indica (Paragis)

as alternative
 Mixing
component in

manufacturing

papers”

Definition of Terms Alphabetically arrange

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Paragis – a kind of grass that commonly found in the Philippines that we usually ignored. It

has antioxidant and antibacterial properties that prevent cancer cells from developing in the

body.

Mold – a hollow container used to give shape to molten or hot liquid material.

Paper – a thin sheet material with many uses including printing, packaging et.al.

Drying – a process of removing water or other solvent by evaporation.

* List all the important terms.

* Briefly describe each term using one
or two complete sentences as used in
the context of your study.