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Multiplication and Division in decimal system on a Soroban Multiplication

1.Multiplication and Division in decimal system on a Soroban 2. Division 3.
Rules for placing the Quotient...

Experiment Findings · December 2020

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Multiplication and Division in decimal
system on a Soroban
Multiplication

In order to problems of multiplication using soroban

one must know the multiplication tables up to 9×9=81.
With the help of soroban we can solve a multiplication
problem such that 8×4=32, here 8 is called multiplicand,
4 is the multiplier and 32 is called product.When we put
a problem of multiplication in a soroban we must set the
multiplicand in the central part of the soroban and
multipliers must set to the left, leaving two empty rods in
between.

1. 25×6 =?
Step1. Set 25 on the rods E1F1 and 6 on the
rod B1

Step 2 6×5=30 so put 3 in tens column. Then

clear 5 on F1 from the soroban.

Step3 6×2=12. So add 2 to the tens column

which will get 5 tens and put 1 on the hundreds
column. Then clear 2 on E1 and 6 on B1 from
the soroban.

The answer is 25×6=150.

 2. 31×17=?

Step1 Set 31 on the rods E1,F1 and 17 on

the rods A1,B1.

Step2 7×1=7. So put 7 in unit’s

column.

Step3 1×1=1 So put 1 in the tens column.

Then clear 1 on F1 from the soroban.

Step 4 7×3=21 so add 1 to the tens column
and put 2 on the hundreds column.

Step 5 1×3=3 so add 3 to the hundreds column.

Then clear 3 on E1, 7 on B1 and 1 on A1 from
the soroban. The answer is 31×17= 527.

Division

With the help of soroban we can solve

different problems of division. For example
8÷2=4, here 8 is the dividend, 2 is the divisor
and 4 is the quotient.

When we set up problems of divisor on the

soroban, the dividend is set on the right and the
division is set on the left. 4 unused rods are
leaved in between the two numbers. On these
unused rods the quotient is formed.

Rules for placing the Quotient Number

RuleI If the digits in a divisor are less than or equal

to the corresponding digits of the dividend, then the
quotient be placed two rods to the left of the
dividend.

RuleII If the digits in the divisor are greater

than the corresponding digits of the
dividend, then quotient be placed one rod to
the left of the dividend.
 1. 436÷2=?

Step1. Set the dividend 436 on the rods

F1,G1, H1 and the divisor 2 on A1.

Step2. Divide 4 by 2. Since 4 (dividend) is

greater than 2 (divisor), set the quotient 2
two rods to the left on D1.

Step 2(i) Multiply the quotient 2 by 2 on A1

and subtract the product 4 from 4 on F1.
Step 3

Divide 3 on G1 by 2. Since 3>2 the quotient

1 set on rod E1.

Step 3(i) Multiply the quotient 1 by 2 on

A and subtract the product 2 from 3 on

rod G1.

Step-4

Divide 16 on rod G1H1 by 2 on rod A1.

Set the quotient 8 on F1 (∵1<2).
Step-4(i) Multiply the quotient 8 by 2
on A1 and subtract 16 from rods G1H1.
The answer is 436÷2=218

2. 563÷35=?

Step1 Set the dividend 563 on G1,H1,I1 and

the divisor 35 on rods A1,B1. There are four

rods in between them.
Step2. Here divisor 35 < dividend 56.

Divide 5 on rod G1 by 3on rod A1. The

quotient 1 set on E1.

Step 2(i) Multiply the quotient 1 by 3 on

A1 and subtract the product 3 from 5 on

G1.

Step 2(ii) Multiply the quotient 1 by 5

on B1 and subtract the product 5 from 26
on G1, H1. This leaves the reminder of
the dividend 213 on rods G1,H1,I1.
Step3. Divide 21 on G1,H1 by 3on A1. The

answer is 7. But in order to continue

working the problem there must be a

remainder. Therefore instead of 7 set 6 on

rod F1.

Step 3(i) Multiply the quotient 6 by 3 on

A1 and subtract the result 18 from 21 on
G1 ,H1.

Step 3(ii) Multiply the quotient 6 by 5

on B1 and subtract the product 30 from
rods H1, I1. This leaves the remainder 3
on H1,I1.

Step 4 Divide 3 on rod I1 by 3 on rod A1.

The answer is 1. But in order to continue the
problem there must be a remainder.
Therefore instead of 1 set nothing on rod
G1.
Step 4(i) Multiply the quotient 0 by 3 on
rod A1 and subtract the product 0 from 3 on
I1.

Step 4(ii) Multiply the quotient 0 by 5 on

B1 and subtract the product 0 from I1,J1.
This leaves the remainder 30 in I1,J1.

Step 5 Divide 30 on I1,J1 by 3 on rod A1.

The result is 10. But in order to continue the
problem there must be a remainder.
Therefore instead of 10 set 9 on H1.
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Step 5(i) Multiply the quotient 9 by 3 on

A1. Subtract the product 21 from 30 on I1,J1.

Step 5(ii) Multiply the quotient 9 by 5 on

B1. The result is 45. Subtract 45 from rod
J1,K1 leaving 1609 on rods E1,F1,G1, H1.
Since the rod F1 is unit rod, so the answer is
563÷35=16.09.