10.

2 Oxidation Numbers (SCH4U)

Definition:

● Oxidation Numbers – actual or hypothetical charges assigned using a set of rules

● Electronegativity – a relative measure of an atom’s ability to attract shared electrons

in a chemical bond

1. Oxidation Numbers using Lewis Structures

Examples:

Ionic CaCl2

Oxidation no. is same as charge Ca +2, Cl -1

Covalent ie. H2O, NH4+, CCl4, CH3COOH, PO3 3-

Thoughtlab (pg. 475) – Answer Q 1-3 of procedure, and Q1-4 of Analysis and Extension.

2. Oxidation Numbers using Rules - Copy Table 10.1

Example:

Ionic: CaCl2, CaCO3, Fe2O3.FeO

Covalent: H3PO4, CH3COOH

Using oxidation number rules averages the values from Lewis structures.

Do Q 9-12 pg. 478

2. Recognizing Redox Reactions.

Redox reactions occur when both oxidation and reduction occurs.

State whether the following are redox reactions:

 a) methane reacts with chlorine gas to make methylchloride and hydrogen chloride.
b) calcium hydroxide reacts with hydrochloric acid

CH4(g) + Cl2(g) => CH3Cl(g) + HCl(g)

Ca(OH)2(s) + 2 HCl(aq) => CaCl2(aq) + 2 H2O(l)

Do Q 13-16 pg 480

HW do Q 1-8 pg. 481