KCET - Mathematics

Matrices

ADHYAYANA ACADEMY Page 1

KCET – Mathematics (2021 - 22)

Prepared by: Linge gowda A P(99160 23722) Page 2

 Matrices

ADHYAYANA ACADEMY Page 3

KCET – Mathematics (2021 - 22)

Prepared by: Linge gowda A P(99160 23722) Page 4

 Matrices

ADHYAYANA ACADEMY Page 5

KCET – Mathematics (2021 - 22)

Prepared by: Linge gowda A P(99160 23722) Page 6

 Matrices

ADHYAYANA ACADEMY Page 7

KCET – Mathematics (2021 - 22)

Prepared by: Linge gowda A P(99160 23722) Page 8

 Matrices

ADHYAYANA ACADEMY Page 9

KCET – Mathematics (2021 - 22)

Key points

1. The number of all possible matrices of order m  n with k different entries is k mn .

a b 
If A =  , then A − ( a + d ) A + A I = 0 .
2
2. 
c d 
3. A diagonal matrix of order nxn is usually denoted by : diag ( a11 a22 a33 .... ann ) .

4. If A = diag ( a11 a22 a33 .... ann ) and B = diag ( b11 b22 b33 .... bnn ) , then

(i) A + B = diag ( a11 + b11 a22 + b22 a33 + b33 .... ann + bnn )

(ii) A − B = diag ( a11 − b11 a22 − b22 a33 − b33 .... ann − bnn ) .

(iii) AB = diag ( a11b11 a22b22 a33b33 .... annbnn ) .

5. A square matrix A is said to be Idempotent matrix if A2 = A .

6. A square matrix A is said to be Nilpotent matrix if An = O .

7. A square matrix A is said to be Involutory matrix if A2 = I .

8. A square matrix A is said to be Orthogonal matrix if AA = AA = I or A = A−1 .
9. A complex square matrix A is said to be Hermitian matrix or self-adjoint matrix if A = A .
10. A complex square matrix A is said to be Skew-Hermitian matrix or Anti-Hermitian
matrix if A = − A .

11. A complex square matrix A is said to be Unitary matrix if its conjugate transpose A is also

its inverse. i.e., AA = AA = I .

12. The trace of an nxn square matrix A is defined to be the sum of the elements on the main
n
diagonal. i.e., tr ( A ) = a11 + a22 + ...... + ann = a
i =1
ii .

13. For any two matrices A and B of suitable order, then we have

(i) ( A ) = A . (ii) ( A + B ) = A + B . (iii) ( kA) = kA , where k is any scalar. (iv) ( AB ) = BA .

14. For any square matrix A with real number entries, A + A is a symmetric matrix and A − A is
a skew-symmetric matrix.
15. Any square matrix can be expressed as the sum of a symmetric and a skew-symmetric
matrix.
16. If A and B are symmetric matrices of the same order, then AB is symmetric if and only if A
and B commute, i.e., AB = BA .
17. If A and B are symmetric matrices of same order, then AB + BA is Symmetric matrix and
AB − BA is a skew symmetric matrix.

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 Matrices

18. The matrix B AB is symmetric or skew symmetric according as A is symmetric or skew
symmetric.
19. If A is any square matrix, then AA and AA are symmetric matrices.
20. Positive integral powers of symmetric matrices are symmetric.
21. Positive odd powers of skew symmetric matrix is skew symmetric matrix and positive even
powers of skew symmetric matrix is symmetric matrix.
22. If the matrix A is both symmetric and skew symmetric, then A is a zero matrix.
23. If A is a square matrix of order n  n , and if there exist another square matrix B of the same
order n  n , such that AB = BA = I n , then, A is said to be invertible matrix and B is called

the inverse matrix of A and it is denoted by A−1 . i.e., AA−1 = A−1 A = I .

24. If B is the inverse of A then A is the inverse of B.
25. Inverse of a square matrix, if it exist, is unique.

26. If A and B are invertible matrices of the same order, then ( AB ) = B −1 A−1 .
−1

Class work

1. A square matrix aij where aij = 0 for i  j and aij = k (constant) for i = j is called

(a) Unit matrix (b) Scalar matrix (c) Null matrix (d) Diagonal matrix

2. The number of possible matrices of order 3  3 with each entries 2 or 0 is

(a) 9 (b) 27 (c) 81 (d) 512

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KCET – Mathematics (2021 - 22)

1 3 −5
3.
 
If A = 2 −1 5 , then the trace of A is
 
1 0 1 

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 4

4. If the trace of a matrix A is 3, then the trace of 5A is

(a) 0 (b) 3 (c) 8 (d) 15

5. If the trace of A is 20 and the trace of B is 5, then the trace of A – B is

(a) 5 (b) 15 (c) 25 (d) 35

6. Which of the given values of x and y make the following pair of matrices equal

3 x + 7 5  0 y − 2
 y + 1 2 − 3 x  , 8 4 
  
1 2 1 2
(a) x = − , y = 7 (b) x = − , y = 7 (c) x = − , y = − (d) not possible to find
3 3 3 3

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 Matrices

7. If A is matrix of order m  n and B is a matrix such that AB and BA are both defined, then
order of matrix B is [KCET 2016]
(a) m  m (b) n  n (c) n  m (d) m  n

 3 −2 
8. If A + I =   , then ( A + I ) . ( A − I ) is equal to
4 1 
 −5 −4   −5 4 5 4   −5 −4 
(a)   (b)   (c)   (d)  
 8 −9   −8 9  8 9   −8 −9 

9. If A is 3  4 matrix and B is matrix such that A ' B and BA ' are both defined, then B is of
the type [KCET 2014]
(a) 4  4 (b) 3  4 (c) 4  3 (d) 3  3

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KCET – Mathematics (2021 - 22)

10. If O ( A ) = 2  3, O ( B ) = 3  2 and O ( C ) = 3  3, which one of the following is not defined?

(a) CB + A ' (b) BAC (c) C ( A + B ' ) ' (d) C ( A + B ' )

 2 −1 4  5 0 3
11. If 2 A + 3B =   and A + 2 B =   then B =
3 2 5 1 6 2
 8 −1 2   8 1 2   8 1 −2  8 1 2
(a)   (b)   (c)   (d)  
 −1 10 −1   −1 10 −1   −1 10 −1   1 10 1 

 2 −2 
12. If A =   , then An = 2k A , where k = [KCET 2018]
 −2 2 
(a) 2n−1 (b) n + 1 (c) n − 1 (d) 2 ( n − 1)

3 −4
13. If A =   , then An is equal to
1 −1
1 + 2n −4n   2n + 1 −3n − 1 1 + 2n −3n 
(a)  (b)   (c)  (d) none of these
 n 1 − 2n   2n − 1 1 − 2n 

 2n 1 + 2n 

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 Matrices

0 0 1
 
14. If A =  0 1 0  , then A4 is equal to [KCET 2020]
1 0 0
 
(a) A (b) 2 A (c) I (d) 4 A

15. If A and B are square matrices of order ' n ' such that A − B = ( A − B ) ( A + B ) , then
2 2

which of the following will be true?

(a) Either of A or B is zero matrix (b) A = B
(c) AB = BA (d) Either of A or B is an identity matrix

 −1 −1  x    −1  x  
sin ( x ) tan      − cos ( x ) tan    
−1

1   1   
16. If A =  ,B =  , then A–B=
  −1  x    −1  x  
 sin   cot ( x )   sin   − tan ( x ) 
−1 −1

       
[KCET 2017, 2016]
1
(a) I (b) O (c) 2I (d) I
2
1 if i  j
17. If matrix A =  aij  , where aij =  , then A2 is equal to
0 if i = j
2 2

(a) I (b) A (c) O (d) None of these

18. If A is a matrix such that A2 = A + I , where I is the identity matrix, then A5 is equal to
(a) 5A + I (b) 5 A + 2 I (c) 5 A + 3I (d) 5 A + 4 I
19. If A and B are two square matrices of the same order such that AB = B and BA = A, then

A2 + B 2 is always equal to ……………

(a) 2 AB (b) 2BA (c) I (d) A + B

5 3
20. If A =   , then the value of A2 − 3 A is equal to
 −1 −2
(a) I (b) 7I (c) 6I (d) O

3 2
21. If A =   , then A2 + xA + yI = 0 for ( x, y ) =
1 1 
(a) ( 4, − 1 ) (b) ( 1, 3 ) (c) ( − 4, 1 ) (d) ( − 1, 3 )
 1 −3 
22. If A =   and A2 − 4 A + 10 I = A, then K =
2 K 
(a) 0 (b) −4 (c) 4 and not 1 (d) 1 or 4

 −1 2 
23. If A =   , then element a21 of A2 is
 3 −4
(a) 22 (b) -15 (c) -10 (d) 7
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KCET – Mathematics (2021 - 22)

2 1
1 −2 1
24. If A =   and A =  3 2  , then ( A B ) is equal to : [KCET 2021]
 
 2 1 3 1 1 

 −3 −2   −3 10   −3 7   −3 7 
(a)   (b)   (c)   (d)  
10 7   −2 7  10 2 10 −2 
 −1 18 
7 −10 17   
25. If 3 A + 4 B =   and 2 B − 3 A =  4 0  , then B = [KCET 2019]
 0 6 31   −5 −7 

 −1 −18  1 3 1 3  1 −3
(a)
 4 −16  
(b) −1 1
 
(c) −1 1
 
(d) −1 1

       
 −5 −7   2 4   2 −4   2 4 

1
26. If A is a square matrix and A is transpose of A, then ( A − A) is
2
(a) a symmetric matrix (b) a skew-symmetric matrix
(c) a unit matrix (d) an elementary matrix
27. If P and Q are symmetric matrices of same order, then PQ − QP is [KCET 2019]
(a) Skew symmetric matrix (b) Symmetric matrix
(c) Zero matrix (d) Identity matrix.
28. If the matrix A is both symmetric and skew symmetric, then [KCET 2017]
(a) A is diagonal matrix (b) A is a zero matrix
(c) A is a square matrix (d) None of these

29. If A and B are symmetric matrices of the same order, then ( AB − BA ) is a

(a) Skew symmetric matrix (b) Null matrix

(c) Symmetric matrix (d) None of these
30. Let M be 2  2 symmetric matrix with integer entries, then M is invertible if [KCET 2021]
(a) the first column of M is the transpose of second row of M
(b) the second row of M is the transpose of first column of M
(c) M is a diagonal matrix with non-zero entries in the principal diagonal
(d) the product of entries in the principal diagonal of M is the product of entries in the other
diagonal

1 0 0 
 
31. The matrix 0 2 0 is a
 
0 0 4 

(a) identity matrix (b) symmetric matrix

(c) skew symmetric matrix (d) none of these

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 Matrices

0 2 1
 
32. If A = −2 0 −2 is a skew-symmetric matrix, then x =
 
 −1 x 0 

(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 5 (d) 6

33. If A is symmetric matrix, then B AB is
(a) Skew-symmetric matrix (b) Symmetric matrix
(c) Upper triangular matrix (d) Lower triangular matrix
34. If A and B are square matrices of same order and B is a skew symmetric matrix, then ABA
is [KCET 2020]
(a) Symmetric matrix (b) Null Matrix
(c) Diagonal matrix (d) Skew-Symmetric Matrix

1 2 4

35. The symmetric part of the matrix A = 6 8 2 is
 [KCET 2014]
 
 2 −2 7 

 0 −2 −1  1 4 3  0 −2 1  1 4 3

(a) −2 0 −2
 
(b) 2 8 0
 
(c) 2 0 2  
(d) 4 8 0

      
 −1 −2 0   3 0 7   −1 2 0   3 0 7 

 3 x −1
36. If A =   is a symmetric matrix, then the value of x is :
2 x + 3 x + 2
(a) 4 (b) 3 (c) -4 (d) -3

37. The square matrix A =  aij  given by aij = ( i − j ) is a

3

(a) Symmetric matrix (b) Skew-symmetric

(c) Diagonal matrix (d) Hermitian matrix

2 3 
38. If the matrix   = A + B, where A is symmetric and B is skew symmetric, then B =
 5 −1 
2 4   0 −2   0 1  0 −1 
(a)   (b)   (c)   (d)  
 4 −1  2 0   −1 0  1 0 
39. Inverse of a diagonal non-singular matrix is
(a) Scalar matrix (b) Skew symmetric matrix
(c) Zero matrix (d) Diagonal matrix

2 1 1 0
40. If  A=  , then the matrix A is [KCET 2020]
 3 2 0 1
2 1  2 −1  −2 1   2 −1
(a)   (b)   (c)   (d)  
 3 2  −3 2   3 −2  3 2 

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KCET – Mathematics (2021 - 22)

Assignment

41. Choose the correct answer.

(a) Every scalar matrix is an identity matrix.
(b) Every identity matrix is a scalar matrix.
(c) Every diagonal matrix is an identity matrix.
(d) A square matrix who’s each element is I is an identity matrix.

 2 x + y 4 x   7 7 y − 13
42. If  =  , then the value of x and y is
 5x − 7 4 x   y x + 6 
(a) x = 3, y = 1 (b) x = 2, y = 3 (c) x = 2, y = 4 (d) x = 3, y = 3

43. The number of all possible matrices of order 3  3 with each entry 0 or 1 is:
(a) 27 (b) 18 (c) 81 (d) 512

0 0 4
 
44. The matrix P = 0 4 0 is a
 
 4 0 0 

(a) square matrix (b) diagonal matrix (c) unit matrix (d) none
45. Assume X, Y, Z, W and P are matrices of order 2  n, 3  k , 2  p, n  3 and p  k , respectively.
If n = p , then the order of the matrix 7X-5Z is:

(a) p  2 (b) 2  n (c) n 3 (d) p  n

46. If A and B are two matrices of the order 3  m and 3  n , respectively, and m = n , then the

order of matrix ( 5 A − 2 B ) is

(a) m 3 (b) 3  3 (c) m  n (d) 3  n

 1 3   y 0  5 6 
47. If 2  + =  , then the values of x and y are [KCET 2017]
 0 x   1 2  1 8 
(a) x = 3, y = 3 (b) x = −3, y = 3 (c) x = 3, y = −3 (d) x = −3, y = −3

1 1 1
 
48. If A = 1 1 1 , then An is equal to
 
1 1 1

(a) 3A (b) 3n A (c) 3n −1 A (d) 0

49. If A and B are square matrices of the same order, then (A +B)(A – B) is equal to
(a) A2 – B2 (b) A2 – BA – AB – B2
(c) A2 – B2 + BA – AB (d) A2 – BA + B2 + AB.

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 Matrices

2 3 
 2 −1 3
50. If A =   and B =  4 −2  , then
 
 −4 5 1 1 5 

(a) Only AB is defined (b) Only BA is defined

(c) AB and BA both are defined (d) AB and BA both are not defined.

0 1 
51. If A =   , then A2 is equal to [KCET 2015]
1 0 
0 1  1 0  0 1 1 0 
(a)   (b)   (c)   (d)  
1 0  1 0  0 1 0 1 
 x 1
52. If A =   and A2 is the identity matrix, then x is equal to
1 0
(a) -1 (b) 0 (c) 1 (d) 2

53. If A is a square matrix such that A2 = I , then ( A − I ) + ( A + I ) − 7 A is equal to

3 3

(a) A (b) I – A (c) I + A (d) 3A

54. For any two matrices A and B, we have
(a) AB = BA (b) AB  BA (c) AB = 0 (d) None of the above

 3 1
55. If A =   , then A2 − 5 A is equal to [KCET 2016]
 −1 2
(a) I (b) -I (c) 7I (d) -7I

 1 1  x   2 
56. If     =   , then the values of x and y respectively are [KCET 2018]
 −1 1  y   4
(a) -3, -1 (b) 1, 3 (c) 3, 1 (d) -1, 3
57. Assuming that the sum and products given below are defined, which of the following is not
true for matrices
(a) A + B = B + A (b) AB = AC does not Imply B = C

(c) AB = O  A = O or B = O (d) ( AB ) ' = B ' A '

0 2   0 3a 
58. If A =   , kA =   , then the values of k , a, b are respectively
 3 −4  2b 24 
(a) -6, -12, -18 (b) -6, 4, 9 (c) -6, -4, -9 (d) -6, 12, 18

 cos  sin  
59. For real number  , A ( ) =   , then A ( 1 )  A (  2 ) =
 − sin  cos  
(a) A (  2 − 1 ) (b) A ( 1 −  2 ) (c) A ( 1 2 ) (d) A ( 1 +  2 )
cos  − sin  
60. If A =  , then A + A = I , if the value of  is
 sin  cos  

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KCET – Mathematics (2021 - 22)

  3
(a) (b) (c)  (d)
6 3 2
 0 −1 2 
61. If A =  1 0 3  , then A + 2 A is equal to

 −2 −3 0 

(a) A (b) A (c) − A (d) 2A

62. For any two matrices A and B, we have
(a) AB = BA (b) AB  BA (c) AB = 0 (d) None of the above

 cos  sin  
63. If A =   , then A  A ' is
 − sin  cos  
(a) I (b) A (c) − A (d) A2

 0 −5 8 

64. The matrix 5 0 12  is a

 −8 −12 0 

(a) diagonal matrix (b) symmetric matrix

(c) skew symmetric matrix (d) scalar matrix

 cos  sin  
65. If A =  , then AA = [KCET 2018]
 − sin  cos  
(a) A (b) Zero matrix (c) A (d) I

cos 2 − sin 2 
66. If A =  and A + AT = I , then where I is the unit matrix of 2  2 and AT is the
 sin 2 cos 2 
transpose of A, then the value of  is equal to [KCET 2016]
  3
(a) (b) (c)  (d)
6 3 2
 i −i   1 −1
67. If A =   and B =   , then A8 equals
 −i i   −1 1 
(a) 64B (b) 32B (c) 16B (d) 128B

 cos  sin  
68. If A =  , then A2 = I is true for
 − sin  cos  
 
(a)  = 0 (b)  = (c)  = (d) None of these
4 2
69. If A is a square matrix, then

(a) A + AT is symmetric (b) AAT is skew-symmetric

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 Matrices

(c) AT + A is skew-symmetric (d) AT A is skew-symmetric

70. If A and B are symmetric matrices of the same order, then which one of the following is
NOT true?
(a) A + B is symmetric (b) A − B is symmetric
(c) AB + BA is symmetric (d) AB − BA is symmetric
71. If A is symmetric matrix and n  N then An is
(a) Symmetric (b) Skew-symmetric
(c) A diagonal matrix (d) None
72. If A is a skew-symmetric matrix and n is a positive integer, then An is
(a) A symmetric matrix (b) Skew-symmetric
(c) Diagonal matrix (d) None
73. If A is a skew-symmetric matrix and n is odd positive integer, then An is
(a) A symmetric matrix (b) Skew-symmetric
(c) Diagonal matrix (d) None
74. If A is a skew-symmetric matrix and n is an even positive integer, then An is
(a) A symmetric matrix (b) Skew-symmetric
(c) Diagonal matrix (d) None

( AB )
−1
75. If A and B are square matrices and A−1 and B −1 exist, then =

(a) AB −1 (b) A−1 B (c) A−1 B −1 (d) B −1 A−1

76. Matrices A and B will be inverse of each other only if
(a) AB = BA (b) AB = BA = 0 (c) AB = 0, BA = I (d) AB = BA = I.
77. If A and B are symmetric matrices of the same order, then AB is symmetric if and only if
(a) AB = AB (b) AB  AB (c) A = B (d) A + B = O

 2 2 0 −1
, then ( B −1 A−1 ) is equal to
−1
78. If A =   , B= 
 −3 2 1 0 
 2 −2  2 2  2 −3  1 −1
(a)   (b)   (c)   (d)  
2 3   −2 3 2 2   −2 3 
 x1  1 −1 2  3
     
79. Let X = x2 , A = 2 0 1 , B = 1 and if AX = B , then X
     
 x3   3 2 1   4 

 −1  −1  −1  −1

(a)
2  
(b) −2
 
(c) −2 (d)
2
       
 3   3   −3  5 

 a + ib c + id 
80. If A =   , where a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + d 2 = 1 , then A−1 is equal to
 −c + id a − ib 

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KCET – Mathematics (2021 - 22)

 a − ib −c + id   a − ib c − id   a − ib −c − id 
(a)   (b)  (c)  (d) None of the above
c + id a + ib   −c − id a + ib  c − id a + ib 


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