UNIVERSITY OF

ZIMBABWE
MORGAN ZINTEC COLLEGE

DIPLOMA IN TEACHER EDUCATION (ECD)

ZITA KAPAMARA LIVONIA

KOREJI NHAMBA ECD 16/50/22

CHIDZIDZO CHISHONA

MUDZIDZISI MAI MUCHINERIPII

ZUVA 26 CHIVABVU 2022

MUBVUNZO

DONONGODZA NZIRA SHANU DZEKUGOVERA NADZO RUZIVO KUVANA

VEMAGWARO EKUTANGA DZINGASIMUDZIRA KUBATA KWAVO ZVIDZIDZWA
ZVECHISHONA

ONGORORO

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 ZVIBODZWA

Zvakakosha kuti mudzidzisi ave neruzivo maererano nezvenzira dzekugovera nadzo

ruzivo. Chinyorwa chino chichadonongodza nzira shanu dzekugovera nadzo ruzivo
kuvana vemagwaro ekutanga dzingasimudzira kubata kwavo zvidzidzwa
zveChiShona. Nzira dzekugovera nadzo ruzivo dzinoti nzira yemubvunzo
nemhinduro, nzira yemapoka, nzira yeedzesero, nzira yokukoka nyanzvi uye nzira
yehurukuro dzichatsanangurwa. Mashoko anokosha anoti magwaro ekutanga uye
ChiShona achatsanangurwa.

Taddese, (2016) anoti magwaro ekutanga inguva inobva panhumbu kusvika

pamakore masere uye ndiyo nguva inoitika kukura kwakawanda paupenyu
hwemwana. Trawick-Smith, (2010) anotiwo magwaro ekutanga inguva inobva
pakunambwa kusvika pamakore masere ekukura kwemwana apo mwana anenge
achikura mumhumhu, mupfungwa uye magariro ake nevamwe. Munyori anoti
magwaro ekutanga inguva inobva panhumbu kusvika pamakore masere apo mwana
anokura mumagariro, munjere pamwe nemumhumhu.

ChiMhundu (2001) anoti ChiShona ndiwo mutauro wevanhu vakanyanya kuwanda

muZimbabwe, uye une mapazi makuru anodaidzwa nemazita anoti Karanga, Zezuru,
Manyika, Korekore neNdau. Magwa (1999) anotiwo ChiShona ndirwo rurimi rwamai
kune avo vose vanonzi VaShona vanowanikwa muZimbabwe uye vanoumbwa
nemapazi anoti ChiKaranga, ChiNdau, ChiManyika, ChiZezuru uye ChiKorekore.
Munyori anoti ChiShona mutauro wemuZimbabwe unoumbwa neChikaranga,
ChiNdau, ChiManyika, ChiZezuru uye ChiKorekore.

Nzira yemubvunzo nemhinduro imwe yenzira dzinoshandiswa kugovera ruzivo

kuvana vemagwaro ekutanga. Munzira iyi mudzidzisi anotanga adzidzisa pfungwa
itsva ozobvunza vana mibvunzo achida kuona kunzwisisa kwavo. Maitiro emubvunzo
nemhinduro anotokonya vadzidzi pfungwa zvoita kuti vafunge zvakadzama uye
zvinoita vazokwanisa kurangarira pfungwa iri mudariro (Magwa, 2016). Vadzidzi
zvavanopindura uye kubvunzawo mibvunzo, zvigozhero uye zvanzwisiswa zvinova
pachena. Izvi zvinobatsira kuti mudzidzisi abva ajekesa pangava pagozha. Vadzidzi

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vanobva vazivawo kukosha kwekuteerera vachiziva kuti mudzidzisi anogona
kubvunza mibvunzo. Munzira iyi mudzidzisi anofanira kubvunza mibvunzo
inoenderana nezera revadzidzi vake. Anogona kuona vadzidzi vachinyatsopindura
izvo mibvunzo yacho ndeyenhando kana kuti vasingatopinduri nokuda kwekuti
hazvisi zvezera. Mpondi (2005) anowedzera kuti mudzidzisi anoda kubvunza
mibvunzo inoita kuti vadzidzi vafunge, vaite nhaurirano nekuburitsa pfungwa
dzavowo. Nzira yemibvunzo nemhinduro inzira yakanaka kwazvo pakudzidzisa vana
vemagwaro ekutanga.

Imwe nzira yekugovera nayo ruzivo kuvana vemagwaro ekutanga inzira yemapoka.
Iyi inzira yokuisa vadzidzi mumapoka kuti vaite vose basa rapihwa nemurairidzi.
Vadzidzi vanogona kuiswa mumapoka evaviri, vatatu kana vanopfuura. Nyoni,
(2014) anoti vadzidzi vanogona kuiswa muzvikwata maererano nemagonero avo kuti
vafambe vose kamwechete kana kuti vanogona kusanganiswa kuti vagobatsirana
nekukurudzirana. Nzira iyi inoita kuti vadzidzi vanzwe vakasununguka kupa
mafungiro avo. Sezvanenge vachikurukurirana uye kuita basa rapihwa mumapoka,
mudzidzisi anogona kutenderera mumapoka achinzwa pfungwa dzavo uye
kugadzirisa apo vangadai vari kurasika. Mudzidzisi anofanira kutanga
anyatsotsanangurira vadzidzi basa ravo kuti nderei uye rinoitwa sei. Gondo, (2008)
anopa pfungwa yekuti mudzidzisi angwarire kusazopedza nguva yezvimwe zvidzidzo
sezvo kuti vadzidzi vapedze basa rapihwa uye kuzoriongorora kuchiti torei nguva.
Zvakakosha kuti kana vadzidzi vapedza basa ravapihwa mudzidzisi ozoumbiridza
pfungwa dzapihwa kukirasi yose. Somuenzaniso kana mudzidzisi apa vadzidzi basa
rekukara mifananidzo, anogona kuzoratidza vana zvakewo zvaaiita uye zvevamwe
vana vagona obva agadzirisa vaya vakundikana kunyatsoburitsa basa ravapihwa. Izvi
zvinoita kuti vaya vangadaro vatadza vachinyatsonzwisisa.

Edzesero imwezve yenzira dzekugovera nadzo ruzivo kuvana vemagwaro ekutanga.

Chinenge chichiedzeserwa mitambo kana nyaya apo vadzidzi vanopihwa mashoko
ekushandisa nomurairidzi. Nzira yeedzesero inoda gadziriro yakakwana kumudzidzisi
nevana. Magwa, (2016) anoti mudzidzisi anofanira kunge achiziva vavariro huru
yokushandisa nzira iyi nekubatsira kwaingaita vadzidzi kunzwisisa chidzidzo chacho
sezvo nzira iyi ichisimbisa pfungwa yezvadzidzwa yoita kuti vadzidzi vanyatsobata

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pfungwa iri kukurukurwa. Anowedzera kuti panofanira kuva nebasa rinozopiwa
vadzidzi nezveedzesero yavanenge vaita kuti zvinhu zvisangoperere pakuti vaita
mutambo wavo. Nzira iyi yakanakirawo kuti inoburitsa zvipo zviri muvana. Inoita kuti
vana vanofarira uye vanogona zvemitambo vaburitse unyanzvi hwavo zvoita kuti
mudzidzisi akwanise kuvasimudzira. Zvichida vadzidzi ivava ndivo vachazova vatambi
vakuru vemadhirama mune ramangwana. Nzira iyi yakanakirawo kuti vadzidzi
vanenge vachitoshangazhikawo muchidzidzo kwete kungogara vakateerera. Nzira
yeedzesero inoitawo kuti vana sezvavanoedzesera mumadhirama vaonewo kukosha
kwemabatiro avanoita vamwe uye kuti pavanobata vamwe zvisina kunaka vanonzwa
sei. Chesler naFox, (1966) vanoti mitambo inoita kuti vadzidzi vave nechivimbo uye
ushingi hwekumira pamberi pevamwe vana izvi zvinovabatsira kweupenyu.
Vanowedzera kuti mitambo yeedzesero inoita kuti vana vave vanhu vanorangarira
kubva pazera riduku.

Imwe nzira ingashandiswa kugovera ruzivo kuvana vemagwaro ekutanga

ingasimudzira kubata kwavo zvidzidzwa zveChiShona inzira yekukoka nyanzvi.
Mudzidzisi paanenge achiona kuti haana ruzivo rwakakwana nechidzidzo chiri
mudariro anokwanisa kutsvaga nyanzvi pachidzidzo chacho kana munhu ane ruzivo
rwakadzama kuti apakurire vadzidzi ruzivo rwakakodzera. Mukokwa uyu anogona
kuva munhu wemunharaunda, mumwewo mudzidzisi kana munhu anototsvagwa
kubva kune imwe nzvimbo. Madzivadondo, (2014) anoti mukokwa anofanira kunge
aine ruzivo rwakadzama pamusoro unenge uri mudariro, ari hare pakutaura
zvakanaka, zvakajeka, zvinonzwisisika uye asingazvikudzi kuti vadzidzi
vanyatsogashira ruzivo rwaauya narwo. Nzira iyi yekukoka nyanzvi inoita kuti
chidzidzo chiwedzere kunakidza vadzidzi sezvo vanenge vaine chidokwa dokwa
chekunzwa munhu mutsva. Mudzidzisi anoda kugara akaudza vadzidzi zuva richauya
nyanzvi iyi, chidzidzo chavachaita uye kuti nyanzvi yacho ndiani achibva kupi pachine
nguva mberi kuti vadzidzi vasanogadzirira. Kuunza nyanzvi kuchidzidzo kunoita kuti
vadzidzi vazozawo neshuviro yekuita basa renyanzvi yakokwa iyi kana vazokura,
(Fraser 2004). Zvinoitawo kuti vadzidzi vajairane nevanhu vekunze izvi zvinoita kuti
zvive nyore kuti vadzidzi vakurukure nevanhu vemazera ose uye zviremera

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zvakasiyana siyana. Kukoka nyanzvi kuchidzidzo kunoita kuti vadzidzi vave neumwe
muono wenyika yokunze musiri mukirasi.

Imwe nzira inoshandiswa kugovera ruzivo inzira yehurukuro. Nzira iyo inopa vadzidzi
mukana wekukweshana pachavo vachipanana pfungwa dzavo. Mudzidzisi anenge
achifamba achidzoredzera apo vanenge vave kurasika uye kupa jekeso pavangadai
vachirasika, ( Magwa, 2016). Pahurukuro vadzidzi vanodzidza kupanana mukana
kana mumwe achipa pfungwa yake uye kuremekedza mafungiro emumwe pamwe
nekumagashira nenzira inoita kuti azoda kupa imwezve pfungwa mune ramangwana.
Nzira iyi inoitawo kuti vadzidzi vave nyanzvi pakuita basa ravo vega pasina
mudzidzisi anenge achivatyaira mugotsi. Nzira yehurukuro inodzidzisa vadzidzi
kurongeka uye mushandirapamwe pazera ridiki chose.

Mukupedzisa, nzira dzose dzadonongodzwa nemunyori dzinoti nzira yemubvunzo

nemhinduro, nzira yemapoka, nzira yeedzesero, nzira yokukoka nyanzvi uye nzira
yehurukuro dzakakodzera pakugovera ruzivo kuvana vemagwaro ekutanga.

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Jerero

Chesler, M. and Fox, R. (1966). Role playing methods in the classroom. Chicago,
Science Research Associates.

Chimhundu, H. (2001). Duramazwi guru reChiShona. Harare, College Press

Publishers.

Fraser, K. (2004). The role of the resource person in Law-Related Education.

Chicago, American Bar Association.

Gondo, K.T. (2008). Kudzidzisa ChiShona kupuraimari: Mudonzvo wemudzidzisi.

Cape Town, CASAS.

Madzivadondo, T. (2014). Groupwork. In Siyakwazi, J.B. (Ed) 2014. In search of

approaches for effective teaching revisited.Gweru, Booklove.

Magwa, W. (1999). Manyorero eChiShona: Bhuku rinotsanangura mitemo yokunyora

mutauro wedu. Gweru, Mambo Press.

Magwa, W. (2016). Tsika dzevatema muZimbabwe: Bhuku rokutanga. Gweru,

Mambo Press.

Mpondi, D. (2005). Zvinotungamira mukusarudza zvido: Bhuku rekushandisa

kudzidzisa madzimai utungamiriri. Harare, Women’s Promotion Movement.

Nyoni, T. (2014). Groupwork. In Siyakwazi, J.B. (Ed) 2014. In search of approaches

for effective teaching revisited.Gweru, Booklove.

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Tadesse, S. (2016). Early Childhood Development- Basic Concepts. Baltimore,
Catholic Relief Services.

Trawick-Smith, J. (2010). 5th Edition Early Childhood Development. Kelvin, M-Davis.