UNIVERSITY OF ZIMBABWE

DEPARTMENT OF TEACHER EDUCATION

MORGAN ZINTEC COLLEGE

DIPLOMA IN EDUCATION (ECD)

ZITA : JUDITH DENHERE

KOREJI NHAMBA : ECD 16/31/22

CHIDZIDZO : CHISHONA

ZUVA REMHEREKO : 26 CHIVABVU 2022

MUDZIDZISI. : AMAI MUCHINERIPI

MUBVUNZO:Donongodza nzira shanu dzekugovera ruzivo kuvana vemagwaro

ekutanga dzingasimudzire kubata kwavo zvidzidzo zveChishona.

ONGORORO YEMUDZIDZISI

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ZVIBODZWA……………………………..
Ruzivo rwenzira dzekudzidzisa nadzo rwunobatsira apo mudzidzisi anenge ave kugadzirira
zvidzidzo kuti agone kusarudza nzira inoita kuti vadzidzi vanzwisise zvavanenge
vachidzidziswa.Nzira dzokudzidzisa nadzo vana vemagwaro ekutanga kazhinji ndidzo
dzinodudzira kubata kwevana zvavanenge vachida kudzidziswa. Muchinyorwa chino munyori
achadonongodza nzira shanu dzekugoverana ruzivo kuvana vemagwaro ekutanga
dzingasimudzire kubata kwavo zvidzidzwa zveChishona.Nzira shanu idzi dzinosanganisira
kudzidza mumapoka，kukoka nyanzvi，yedzesero，mibvunzo nemhinduro uye kushanyira
nzvimbo.Munyori achatsanangura mazwi anoti magwaro ekutanga uye Chishona.

Munyori ，Young mugore ra 2002 anoti magwaro ekutanga hurongwa hwekudzidziswa

kwevana kubva vachizvarwa kusvika pamakore masere.UNICEF (2017) inoti vana vemagwaro
ekutanga havatangiri kuverengwa vave kuenda kuchikoro，asi vanotanga kutariswa kubva
vachiri mudumbu raamai vacho (iri mimba) kusvika kumakore masere.Munyori anotsigira
pfungwa iyi achiti magwaro ekutanga inguva kubva mwana ari mudumbu raamai kusvika
pamakore masere uye panguva iyi ndipo pane kubudirira kwenjere zvakanyanyisa.Munyori
Chimhundu mugore ra 2004 anoti Chishona mutauro unoumbwa nemapazi akawanda kwazvo
anoti ChiKaranga，ChiNdau，ChiManyika，ChiZezuru，uye ChiKorekore.Munyori anotsigira
pfungwa iyi achiti Chishona hausi mutauro wendudzi imwe chete asi musanganiswa we ndudzi
dzakasiyana -siyana uye paunotaurwa nendudzi dzakasiyana idzi，vanhu vanotonzwanana uye
kunzwisisa zvinenge zvichitaurwa.

Vadzidzi vazhinji vanogomera pavanonzi vadzidze mumapoka.Zvisinei，kudzidza mumapoka

kunoonekwa kwakanakira vadzidzi pamwe neva dzidzisi.Uyezve，vadzidzi vanokwikwidza
mukudzidza mumapoka vanobudirira muzvidzidzo zvavo.Munyori Light，mugore ra 2001
anotsigira pfungwa yekudzidza mumapoka achiti，kana vana vakaita nguva yavo zhinji vari
mumapoka，vanokwanisa kubata zvidzidzwa zvine udzamu mukirasi uye budiriro yeunyanzvi
hwakaita sekunyora nekutaurirana.Kudzidza mumapoka kunopa zvakare vadzidzi mukana
wekutsanangurirana pfungwa dzavo pasina kutya.Zvisinei，kudzidza mumapoka kunodya nguva
uye vadzidzi vanogona kuita rimwe basa risiri ravapihwa kana kuita ruzha.Vanyori vanoti
Freeman na Greencre， mugore ra 2011 vanotsigira pfungwa iyi vachiti，dzimwe nhengo
dzevadzidzi hadzipindi nekubatsira zvakakwana mumapoka.Vanyori vaviri ava vanoenderera
mberi vachiti mhinduro kudambudziko iri，kuti mumwe nemumwe azive zvinangwa nevavariro
yeboka uye kupa mumwe nemumwe chekuita maererano nechinangwa cheboka.Vadzidzi hava
faniri kunge vakagara vadzidzi vari mumapoka，vanofanira kufamba vachiona kuti zvavati
vadzidzi vaite ndozviri kuitwa here nekuti vakangogara vasingaone zviri kuitwa nevana
ndopanozobva kuita ruzha kwevadzidzi pamwe nekuita zvimwewo zvisinei nedonzvo ramapoka
anenge achiitwa.

Mudzidzisi haangazive zvose zvetsika nemagariro evaShona，naizvozvo paanenge achiona kuti

haana ruzivo rwakadzama maererano nechidzidzo chiri mudariro anokoka nyanzvi kuti apakurire
vadzidzi ruzivo rwakakodzera.Nyanzvi iyi inogona kuva yemunharaunda，mumwewo mudzidzisi
wepachikoro ipapo kana wekunze kana munhu anototsvagwa kubva kune imwe nzvimbo.Nzira
iyi yakanakira pakuti vadzidzidzi vanodokwairira kudzidziswa nemunhu mutsva ane madzidzisiro
ake akasiyana nekudzidza kwavo kwemazuva ose zvobatsira kuti vanyatsoteya nzeve
pavanenge vachidzidziswa .Nzira iyi inzira yakanaka chaizvo，chainongoda kungwarirwa
pakuudza nekujekesera mukokwa zvakakosha zvinenge zvichida kusvitswa
kuvadzidzi.Hazvibatsiri kungodaidza chero munhu pasina kugutsikana kuti mukokwa anogona
kuve neruzivo hwakadzika zvakadii.Zvingatove nani kuti mudzidzisi adzidzise iye pachake
nyangwe achiziva kuti naiyewo ane zvimwe zvinhu zvaasinganyatsoziva.Pfungwa idzi
dzinoenderana nedze munyori Madzivadondo，mugore ra 2014 paanoti，mukokwa
haangonongwi asi anofanira kuva munhu ane ruzivo rwakadzama pamusoro unenge uri
mudariro kana unyanzvi hunenge huchida kupihwa vadzidzi，mhare pakutaura zvakanaka
kuitira kusvitsa ruzivo zvakarongeka uye zvakajeka kuvadzidzi，ane chiremera，anogashirawo
zvinobva kuvadzidzi uye asingazvikudzi kuitira kuti asvitse ruzivo ari pamwe navo vazvigashire
kwete kuzvitutumadza zvokuti vadzidzi vanoguma vozviona sevanhu vakazvidzika.

Yedzesero inzira inoshandiswa nevadzidzisi kusimudzira ruzivo rwevaana vemagwaro

ekutanga.Chinoyedzeserwa mitambo kana nyaya apo vadzidzi vanopihwa mashoko
okushandisa.Kuyedzesera kunofanira kuuya mushure mokunge vadzidzi vadzidziswa maererano
nemitambo yavachada kuyedzesera.Vanyori vanoti Cruz na Murthy，mugore ra 2006 vanoti apo
vadzidzi vanotora kunzwa nokutaura kwevanhu vechinyakare nevekune dzimwe
nzvimbo，kudzidza maringe nezve nhoroondo nekugutsikana kunoita sezvinhu zvinongoitika
zvega uye apo mudzidzi anoyedzesera zvakawanda zvaanokwanisa kubatanidza nezvinhu
nekurangarira donzvo reyedzesero kwenguva yakareba achibva awana gumisiro
yekudzidza.Yedzesero inoita zvekare kuti vadzidzi vakwanise kubata zvidzidzwa zvavo，vadzidzi
vaite humwe uye vadzidzi pavanoyedzesera mitambo yakasiyana-siyana pfungwa yeyedzesero
inobva yava yechokwadi ichibva yagara mupfungwa dzevadzidzi vanodaro vanyori (Luca naHeal
，mugore ra2011).Yedzesero inoda kugadzirirwa zvakakwana pasinazvo nguva inogona
kutambisika pasina chabuda.Mushure meyedzesero kunofanira kuuya hurukuro pamusoro
pezvaedzeserwa kusimbisa zvaitwa.Yedzesero inobatsira chete kana vadzidzi vanzwisisa zvava
dzidziswa.Yedzesero inosarudza zvakare vadzidzi vanoita edzesero ichisiya vamwe vaya
vasingagoni kuedzesera uye inoda vadzidzi vanokurumbidza kubata zvavanoona
nezvavanonzwa.

Vadzidzi vemagwaro ekutanga vanozvarwa vane chidokwa-dokwa nenzara yekuda

kuziva.Vadzidzi ava mukuda kuziva kwavo，vanosununguka uye havatye kutadza zvinobva
zvaita vade kubvunzisisa nekuda kuziva kuti zvinhu zvinofambiswa sei.Mibvunzo nemhinduro
inokurudzira kufunga muvana，inoyera zvanzwisiswa nevadzidzi，inosimudzira chido chevana
pakudzidza uye kujekesa zvigozhero zvevana.Munyori Majid，mugore ra 2013 anotsigira
pfungwa iyi achiti mibvunzo nemhinduro inzira inosimudzira vadzidzi pakufunga ne
kuvaumbiridza mukuwana ruzivo.Vadzidzisi pavanenge vachidzidzisa vanofanira kubvunza
vadzidzi mibvunzo inoenderana nemagwaro evadzidzi nekuti vanogona kuona sekuti vadzidzi
varikugona vese izvo vari kubvunza vana mibvunzo yemagwaro ari pasi peavo kana mibvunzo
inenge iri yemhando yeruzivo rwezviri pachena .Nerimwewo divi vadzidzisi havafaniri kubvunza
vana mibvunzo yemagwaro ari pamusoro nekuti vana vanozoita sevasina
chavanzwa.Zvakakosha kuti mudzidzisi paanoronga chidzidzo chake aronge zvinoenderana
nezera revadzidzi.Izvi zvinobatsira zvikuru kuti mudzidzisi azive pagozhera vana uye kutora
matanho anoita kuti vana vanzwisise sekuti kupa vana zvidzidzo zvekunoita kumba vozouya
vachizviita muchidzidzo chinotevera.

Nzira kwadzo dzinobuditsa chidokwa-dokwa chevadzidzi dzinosanganisira ekisipiriendi muzviitwa

nekushanyira nzvimbo，izvo zvinopa vadzidzi mikana yekudzidza zvisinei kuti chidzidzo
chipi.Zvisinei，kushanyira nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana hakungoitike kwega kana
vadzidzisi，chikoro nevana vasina kurongera pamwe.Vanyori vanoti Tal na Moraq，mugore ra
2009 vanotsanangura kushanyira nzvimbo seruzivo rwunowanikwa nevadzidzi kunze kwe kirasi
panewo imwe nzvimbo nechinangwa chinodyidzana nekudzidza kwevana.Kushanyira nzvimbo
kunopa vadzidzi ruzivo rwekuzvionera，kukurudzira nekusimudzira zvidzidzo zvevana
vemagwaro ekutanga，kusimbisa maonero muzvidzidzo nekusimbisa ukama uye kukurudzira
budiriro pachavo.Kushanyira nzvimbo nechinangwa chimwe chete kunopa vana unyanzvi
mumurangariro wavo，ruzivo uye basa rekuzoshanda mune ramangwana (Hutson，Cooper na
Talbert，mugore ra 2011).Kushanyira nzvimbo kunopa mukana kuvadzidzi wekuona zvinhu
nekubva vaziva zvachakaita uye havazombozvikanganwe sekuti vadzidzi vaenda kunoona
mhuka dzemusanga ，kunyangwe vave mukirasi vakanzi vanyore pamusoro pemhuka idzi vane
mukana wakakura wekurangarira uye vanobva vaita zvibotswa zvakakura muzvidzidzo zvavo.

Pfungwa huru yabuda muchinyorwa chino，yaonesa kuti kune nzira dzakasiyana-siyana

vadzidzisi dzavanga dzidzise nadzo magwaro ekutanga.Zvaonekwa zvekare kuti nzira idzi
dzinyatsoshanda nemazvo dzinofanira kusanganiswa uye kuchinjaniswa pakudzishandisa kuti
vadzidzi vakwanise kudzidza nekubata zvinenge zvichidzidziswa nyore.

JERERO

Cruz，B. na Murthy，S.A.(2006).Breathing life into History: Using Role-playing to

Engage Students.Social studies and the Young Learner Publishers.
Freeman，J.L. na Greencre，L.(2011).An examination of socially destructive
behavior in group work.University of Canterbury.

Hutson，T.，Cooper，S. na Talbert，T.(2011).Describing connections between

Science content and future careers: Implimenting Texas curriculum for rural at risk
high school students using purposefully-designed field trips.Rural Educator.

Light，R.J.(2001).Making the most of college: Students speak their minds.Harvard

University Press.

Madzivadondo，T.(2014).The Resource Person.Gweru.

Tal，T. na Moraq，O.(2009).Reflective Practice as a Means for Preparing to Teach

Outdoors in Ecological Garden.Journal of Science Teacher Education.