EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 1435:1997/A1 NORME EUROPEENNE EUROPAISCHE NORM May 2002 10S 25.160.40 English vers Non-destructive testing of welds - Radiographic testing of welded joints CContrbie non destuctt des assemblages soudés - Contre ZerstrungsteleProfung von Sehwieivertindungen - par raiograpre des assemblages sousés ‘Durchtraniungsprfing von Schmelzscrwerbungen “This amencment At medifes the European Standard EN 1436:1997; i was approved by CEN on § May 2002. (CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC intemal Regulations which stipulate the conditions forinlusion of his ‘amendment into the relevant atonal standard without ay ateration, Up-to-date ists and bibliographical references conceréng such ‘ational standards may be obainad on application fo the Management Centre oro any CEN member. “This amendment exits in three offical versions (English, French, German). A version in any other tanguage made by translation under the responsibly of a CEN member int ts own language and note to the Management Centro has the came status asthe official versions. CEN members are the national standards bots of Ausia, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark Finland, France, Germany, Greece, toeland, ireland, Haly, Lixembour, Malla, Netherlands, Norway, Porugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. J EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITE EUROPEEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPAISCHES KOMITEE FOR NORMUNG ‘Management Cent rue de Stassart, 968-1050 Brussels (© 2002 CEN _Allrights of explotaton in any form and by any means reserved Ft. No, EN 1495:1997/41:2002 © ‘worldwide for CEN rational Members.EN 1435:1997/A1:2002 (E) Contents page Foreword, General... Scope source size, d source-to-film distance (SFD) source-to-object distance, f.. Classification of radiographic techniques Types and positions of image quality indicators (IG). Minimum image quality values. General. Radiation source centrally located inside the object and with the film outside (see Figures 5 to ” = Radiation source located outside the object and film on the other side (see Figures 13 to 18) Xray devices up to 500 kV. Other radiation sources Film systems and screens Alignment of beam. Source-to-object distance.. Density of radiograph. 7 Testing report. Annex A (normative) Recommended number of exposures which give an acceptable testing of a circumferential butt weld Annex B (normative) Minimum image quality values.. Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing essential requirements or other provisions of EU directives,EN 1435:1997/A1:2002 (E) Foreword ‘This document EN 1435:1997/A1:2002 has been prepared by Technical Committee CENTC 121 "Welding’, the secretariat of which is held by DS. ‘This Amendment to the European Standard EN 1435:1997 shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an idertical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2002, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2002. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commi Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). jon and the European For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. ‘The annexes A and B are normative. According to the CEN/CENELEC Intemal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following ‘countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, ‘Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.EN 1435:1997/A1:2002 (E) General As agreed by CEN/TC 121/SC 5 resolution 134/2000, the term "examination" shall be replaced by “testing*. 1 Scope ‘The 5" paragraph shall read now: “if lower test criteria are permitted by specification, the qué standard is strictly applied.” achieved may be significantly lower than when this . In the English version only, third paragraph, read: "This standard complies with EN 444, 3.4 source size, d Jn the English version only, modify by: “The size ofthe fadation source." 3.5 source-to-film distance (SFD) In the English version only, modify by: “The distance between the radiation source and the film measured in the direction of the beam." 3.6 source-to-object distance, f In the English version only, modify by: “The distance between the radiation source and the source side of the test object measured along the central axis of the radiation beam."EN 1435:1997/A1:2002 (E) 4. Classification of radiographic techniques The 3%, 4" and 5" paragraph shall read now: “Better techniques compared to class B are possible and may be defined by specification of all appropriate test parameters. i ‘The choice of radiographic technique shall be defined by specification. If, for technical reasons, it is not possible to meet one of the conditions specified for class B, such as type of radiation source or the source-to-object distance, f, it may be defined by specification that the condition selected may be that specified for class A. The loss of sonsitivty shall be compensated by an increase of minimum density to 3,0 or by choice of a higher contrast film system. Because of the better sensitivity compared to class A, the test specimen may be regarded as examined within class B. This does not apply if the special SFD reductions as described in 6.6 for test arrangements 6.1.4 and 6.1.5 are used.” 5.7 Types and positions of image quality indicators (IGI) ‘The 8" paragraph shall read now: “if steps have been taken to guarantee that radiographs or similar test objects and regions are produced with identical exposure and processing techniques and no differences in the image quality value are likely, the image quality need not be veriied for every radiograph, the extent of image quality verification being subject to specification.” In the French version only, replace the third paragraph by: “Uiemplacement doit étre choisi sur une partie d'épaisseur uniforme caractérisée par une densité optique uniforme sure film." 5.9 Minimum image quality values ‘The 1" paragraph shall read now: “Tables B.1 to B.12 in annex B show the minimum quality values for ferrous materials. For other materials these requirements or corresponding requirements may be defined by specification. The requirements shall be determined in accordance with EN 462-4." 6 A General ‘The 8" paragraph shall read now: “Other radiographic techniques may be specified, e.9. for reasons like geometry of the test object or differences in material thickness. In 6.1.9 an example of such a case is presented. Multi flim techniques shall not be used to reduce exposure times on uniform sections.” In the English version only, replace the second paragraph by: “The elliptical technique (double walldouble image ) in accordance with Figure 11 should not be used for external diameter Dz > 100 mm, wall thickness t > 8 mm and weld width > Dg/4. Two 90 * displaced images are sufficient if De <0,12. The distance between the two weld images shall be about one weld width.”|997/A1:2002 (E) 6.1.4 Radiation source centrally located inside the object and with the film outside (see Figures 5 to 7) Replace Figure 6 by the following one: Figure 6 — Test arrangement for single-wall penetration of curved objects (set-in weld) 6.1.8 Radiation source located outside the object and film on the other side (see Figures 13 to 18) Replace Figure 13 by the following one: Figure 13 — Test arrangement for double-wall penetration single image of curved objects for evaluation of the wall next to the film with the IQI placed close to the film. 6.2.1 X-ray devices up to 500 kV ‘Add the following explanations to the axes of Figure 20: To the ordinate axis: X-ray voltage To the abscisse axis: Penetrated thickness wEN 1435:1997/A1:2002 (E) 6.2.2 Other radiation sources ‘The 2” paragraph shall read now: “if permitted by specification the value for Ir 192 may further be reduced to 10 mm and for Se 75 to mm.” In the English version only, replace the third and fourth paragraph by: ‘On thin steel specimens, gamma rays from Se 75, Ir 192 and Co 60 will not produce radiographs having as good & defect detection sensitivity as X-rays used with’ appropriate techniques parameters. However because of the advantages of gamma ray sources in handling and accessibility, Table 1 gives a range of thicknesses for which ‘each of these gamma ray sources may be used when the use of X-rays is dfficut. For certain applications wider wall thickness ranges may be permitted, if sufficient image quality can be achieved." Inthe German version only, in the second paragraph after Table 1 Modify « Ir 92 » in « Ir 192 ». 6.3. Film systems and screens ‘The last paragraph shall read now: “Other soreen thicknesses may be specified provided thé required image quality is achieved." In Table 2, the footnote 4 shall read now: 4) In class A lead screens 0,5 mm to 1 mm may be used if permitted by specification.” Replace in Table 2 the line corresponding to the radiation source Ir 192 by the following one: Radiation source | Penetrated thickness] Film system class” Type and thickness of metal 5 ‘sereens Class A__| Class B Class A Class B Wise C5 C4 [002 mm wolot mm to 02mm — front|o,2mm front goteens of lead | screens of lead ® 0,02 min to 0,2 mim back screens of leadEN 1435:1997/A1:2002 (E) In the English version only, replace Table 3 by: ‘Table 3 — Film system classes and metal screens for aluminium and titanium Radiation source Film system class " Type and thickness of : intensifying soreens Class A Class B None or up to 0,03 mm front X-ray potentials and up to 0,15 mm back = 150 kV screens of lead xray potentials 0,08 mm to 0,18 mm front and > 150 KV to 250 KV back screens of lead ray potentials cs C3 [0,i mm to 02 mm front and > 250 KV to 500 kV back screens of lead 0,08 mm to 0,15 mm front and Yb 169 back screens of lead 02 mm front and 0,1 mm to Se 75 0.2 mm back screens of lead 1) Betier film system classes may also be used. 2) Instead of 0,2 mm lead, a 0,1 mm screen with an additional fiter of 0,1 mm may be used. 6.4 Alignment of beam The last paragraph shall read now: “Other ways of radiographing may be specified.” 6.6 Source-to-object distance In the English version only, replace the last paragraph by: When the source is located centrally inside the object and film outside (technique shown in 6.1.4) and provided that the 1Q1 requirements are met, this percentage may be increased. However, the reduction in minimum source- to-object distance shall not be greater than 50 %." 6.8 Density of radiograph The notes 2 and 3 in Table 4 shall read now: 2) May be reduced if permitted by specification to 1,5. 8) May be reduced i permitted by specification to 2,0. 7 Testing report Replace item u) by: “u) Name, reference to certificate and signature of the responsible person(s) ;EN 1435:1997/A1:2002 (E) Annex A (normative) | Recommended number of exposures which give an acceptable testing of a circumferential butt weld Replace Figure A.1 by: 4 35 26 De Delf 18 05 ° 0,05 ot 0.15 02 0,25 1D, —— Figure A.1 — Minimum number of exposures, N, for single-wall penetration with source outside, with a maximum permissible increase in penetrated thickness AUt due to inclined penetration in the areas to be evaluated of 10 %, as a function of ratios #D, and DelfEN 1435:1997/A1:2002 (E) In the English version only, for Figures A.2 and A.4, replace the dimension “FFD" on the righthand figures by “SFD" and in the ttle, replace *D/FFD" by *D/SFD" Replace Figure A.3 by: Delf —~ 0 0,05 on 015 0,2 0,25 1D, —— Figure A.3 — Minimum number of exposures, N, for single-wall penetration with source outside, with a maximum permissible Increase in penetrated thickness AVt due to inclined penetration in the areas to be evaluated of 20 %, as a function of ratios 1D, and Delf 10EN 1435:1997/A1:2002 (E) Annex B (normative) Minimum image quality values In the English version only, for Tables B.5 and B.6, read “Double-wall technique; double image ; 1! on source side”, In the German version only, replace Table B.8 by: ‘Tabelle B.8 — Stufe/Loch-BPK BildgOteklasse B Durchstrahite Dicke w Bz” mm bis 1 He ber 1 bis 25| H3 tiber 25 bis 4 Ha Ober 4 bis 6 HS Ober 6 bis 1" He ber 11 bis 20 H7 ‘ber 20 bis 35 He 7)_Wenn _I-192-Strahier_verwendet_werden, konnen BZ schlechter als die angegebenen Werte wie folgtakzeptiert werden: 4.mm bis 14. mm: um 1 BZ, "1EN 1435:1997/A1:2002 (E) Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing essential requirements or other provisions of EU directives. “This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association and supports essential requirements of Directive 97/23/EC of the European Parilament and the Council of 29 May 1997 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States concerning pressure equipment. WARNING Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling the scope of this standard. in The following clauses of this standard as detailed in Tables ZA.1 and ZA.2, are likely to support requirements of the Directives 97/29/EC, and 87/404/EEC. Compliance with these clauses of this standard provides one with means of conforming to the specific essential requirements of the Directives concerned and associated EFTA regulations. ‘Table ZA.1 - Correspondence between this European Standard and Directive 97/23/EC Clauses/sub-clauses of this Essential requirements of Qualifying remarksinotes, European Standard Directive 97/23/EC All ‘Annex, § 3.1.2 Non-destructive tests Table ZA.2 - Correspondence between this European Standard and Directive 87/404/EEC Clauses/sub-clauses of this Essential requirements of Qualifying remarks/notes European Standard Directive 87/404/EEC All ‘Annex, § 3.2 ‘Welds on pressurized parts 2