Assignment 2

Date: 2010-11-24
Name: Katangoori, Rahul Reddy
Group Number: 4
1. Aim and Scope:
The aim is to compare the theoretical modal to the experimental modal, mainly comparing the
modal which is developed in the ABAQUS to the experimental modal. Extracting the natural
frequencies and mode shapes by doing the ABAQUS modal, before the experimental modal is
going to be done and based on that force will be applied. And finally both ABAQUS modal
and experimental modal will be compared.
2. Experimental setup:
The two beams are connected with joints, one end is fixed. The measurement was made with
a roving hammer and fixed accelerometer. A numerical model will be used to design a
suitable experimental modal analysis test. Modal parameters will be extracted from the
measured data and used to update and verify the numerical model.
2 (a). Equipments used:
1. Structure with Bolt-channel JointsAccelerometers
2. Accelerometers and cables
3. Impulse Hammer and cable
4. Ideas.

3. Detailed calculations and results:

3.1. Task 1: Numerical Modal (ABAQUS):
In this task the numerical modal was created in ABAQUS and the first tow natural
frequencies was found. Those are respectively
The first natural frequency f 1=26.04 Hz
The second natural frequency f 2=89.89 Hz
3.2. Task 2: Pre-test Analysis:
1. Seven appropriate locations.
2. The suitable exaltation point is at the left end of the beam.
3. The frequency range is 1000 Hz
3.3. Task 3. Experimental Work:
FRF H11 coherence H11
60 1

50 0.9

40 0.8

30 0.7
2
]

20 0.6
accelerance in dB [Nm/s

10 0.5

0 0.4

-10 0.3

-20 0.2

-30 0.1

-40 0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Frequency [Hz] Frequency [Hz]

FRF H12 coherence H12

50 1

0.9
40
0.8
30
0.7
]
2

20
0.6
accelerance in dB [Nm/s

10
0.5
0
0.4
-10
0.3

-20 0.2

-30 0.1

-40 0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Frequency [Hz] Frequency [Hz]

FRF H13 coherence H13

60 1

50 0.9

0.8
40
0.7
2
]

30
accelerance in dB [Nm/s

0.6
20
0.5
10
0.4
0
0.3

-10
0.2

-20 0.1

-30 0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Frequency [Hz] Frequency [Hz]
 coherence H14
FRF H14
1
50

0.9
40

0.8
30
2
]

0.7
accelerance in dB [Nm/s

20
0.6

10
0.5

0
0.4

-10 0.3

-20 0.2
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Frequency [Hz] Frequency [Hz]

FRF H15 coherence H15

90 1

80 0.9

0.8
70

0.7
]
2

60
accelerance in dB [Nm/s

0.6
50
0.5
40
0.4
30
0.3

20
0.2

10 0.1

0 0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Frequency [Hz] Frequency [Hz]

FRF H16 coherence H16

60 1

0.9
40
0.8

0.7
2
]

20
0.6
accelerance in dB [Nm/s

0 0.5

0.4
-20
0.3

0.2
-40
0.1

-60 0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Frequency [Hz] Frequency [Hz]
 FRF H17 FRF H17
50 1

40 0.9

30 0.8

20 0.7
]
2

10 0.6
accelerance in dB [Nm/s

0 0.5

-10 0.4

-20 0.3

-30 0.2

-40 0.1

-50 0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Frequency [Hz] Frequency [Hz]

3.4. Task 4: Analysis of Experimental Data 1:

Peak picking method:
By using the peak pick method, the natural frequencies from the FRF plot is as follows.
The first natural frequency f 1=26.56 Hz
The second natural frequency f 2=31.88 Hz
Mode picking method:
By using the mode picking method the damping values will be obtained. For the hammer
excitation the damping values are
ζ 1 =0.009
ζ 2=0.0077
3.5. Task 5: Analysis of Experimental Data 2:
Using the Modaltools toolbox (MATLAB), the resonance frequencies and damping values
have been calculated and those are respectively.
pole=σ + iω
σ =−ζω
Based on these formulas the frequency and damping values have been found.
The first natural frequency f 1=26.71 Hz
The second natural frequency f 2=32.01 Hz
The damping values are respectively
ζ 1 =0.001
ζ 2=0.002
 Mode shape for mode 1
0

-10
Imaginary part of accelerance [Nm/s2]

-20

-30

-40

-50

-60

-70
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Length of the beam [m]

Mode shape for mode 2

3500

3000
Imaginary part of accelerance [Nm/s2]

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

-500
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Length of the beam [m]

3.6. Task 6: Comparison 1:

 FRF H14
50

40

30
accelerance in dB [Nm/s 2]

20

10

-10

-20
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Frequency [Hz]

3.7. Task 7: Comparison 2:

 Mode shape for mode 1
0

-10
Imaginary part of accelerance [Nm/s2]

-20

-30

-40

-50

-60

-70
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Length of the beam [m]
 Mode shape for mode 2
3500

3000
Imaginary part of accelerance [Nm/s2]

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

-500
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Length of the beam [m]

Task 8: Conclusion:
In this assignment, the complete columns of the FRF’s have been analyzed to find the mode
shapes. Before applying the modal analysis on a structure it is always good to check location
of the sensors and the excitation point. Using ABAQUS these things have been carried out
before the experiment. After getting the experiment data, the data has been analyzed. From
that data the resonance frequencies, damping and mode shapes have been carried out. Those
values compared with the ABAQUS, since the experimental results are accurate. Based on
experimental results the finite element method will be altered.
Appendix:
Task 4:
clc;clear all;close all;
% load uf11.mat
load uf1.mat
H11=Data;
f1=Xaxis;
% plot(f1,20*log10(abs(H11)))
plot(f1,H11)
% title('coherence H11')
title('FRF H11')
xlabel('Frequency [Hz]')
ylabel('accelerance in dB [Nm/s^2]')

figure
load uf12.mat
% load uf2.mat
H12=Data;
f2=Xaxis;
plot(f2,20*log10(abs(H12)))
title('FRF H12')
% plot(f2,H12)
% title('coherence H12')
xlabel('Frequency [Hz]')
ylabel('accelerance in dB [Nm/s^2]')
figure

load uf13.mat
% load uf3.mat
H13=Data;
f3=Xaxis;
plot(f3,20*log10(abs(H13)))
% plot(f3,H13)
title('FRF H13')
% title('coherence H13')
xlabel('Frequency [Hz]')

ylabel('accelerance in dB [Nm/s^2]')
figure

load uf14.mat
% load uf4.mat
H14=Data;
f4=Xaxis;
plot(f4,20*log10(abs(H14)))
% plot(f4,H14)
title('FRF H14')
% title('coherence H14')
xlabel('Frequency [Hz]')
ylabel('accelerance in dB [Nm/s^2]')
figure

load uf15.mat
% load uf5.mat
H15=Data;
f5=Xaxis;
plot(f5,20*log10(abs(H15)))
% plot(f5,H15)
title('FRF H15')
% title('coherence H15')
xlabel('Frequency [Hz]')
ylabel('accelerance in dB [Nm/s^2]')
figure

load uf16.mat
% load uf6.mat
H16=Data;
f6=Xaxis;
plot(f6,20*log10(abs(H16)))
% plot(f6,H16)
title('FRF H16')
% title('coherence H16')
xlabel('Frequency [Hz]')
ylabel('accelerance in dB [Nm/s^2]')
figure

load uf17.mat
% load uf7.mat
H17=Data;
f7=Xaxis;
plot(f7,20*log10(abs(H17)))
% plot(f7,H17)
% title('coherence H17')
title('FRF H17')
xlabel('Frequency [Hz]')
ylabel('accelerance in dB [Nm/s^2]')

Task 5:
clc;
close all;
load uf11.mat
f1=Data;
F=Xaxis;
plot(Xaxis,(imag(Data)),'r')
% plot(Xaxis,20*log10(abs(Data)))
hold on

load uf12.mat
f2=Data;
plot(Xaxis,(imag(Data)),'b')
% hold on

load uf13.mat
f3=Data;
plot(Xaxis,(imag(Data)),'g')
hold on

load uf14.mat
f4=Data;
plot(Xaxis,(imag(Data)),'k')
hold on

load uf15.mat
f5=Data;
plot(Xaxis,(imag(Data)),'m')
hold on
load uf16.mat
f6=Data;
plot(Xaxis,(imag(Data)),'y')
hold on
load uf17.mat
f7=Data;
plot(Xaxis,(imag(Data)),'c')
figure
x=[15 324 648 985];
x1=[177 355 532.5];
y1=[-61.07 -3.921 -0.5542];
y=[-6.567 -13.04 -10.58 -13.28];
% % y=[-208.5 136.2 -4.589 -141.2 438.3];
% % figure
plot(x1,y1)
hold on
plot(x,y)
title('Mode shape for mode 1')
xlabel('Length of the beam [m]')
ylabel('Imaginary part of accelerance [Nm/s^2]')
figure
x2=[15 324 648 985];
x12=[177 355 532.5];
y2=[-52.94 -32.49 2.389 41.08];
y12=[3166 1.384 0.0448];
plot(x2,y2)
hold on
plot(x12,y12)
title('Mode shape for mode 2')
xlabel('Length of the beam [m]')
ylabel('Imaginary part of accelerance [Nm/s^2]')
% % hold on
%

FH=[f1 f2 f3 f4 f6 f7];

mif = modeind1(FH);
figure
plot(F,mif)
xlabel('Frequency in [Hz]')
ylabel('Multivariate MIFs')

hN=100;N=200;flow=0;fhi=1000;disptime=1;
[h,t,fs] = impresp(FH,F);
poles = complexp(h,fs,hN,N,mif,F,flow,fhi)
[residues,residuals] = pol2resf(FH,F,poles,flow,fhi,disptime);

residues