9.

1
1 Describe what is meant by the term ‘magnetic field’.
the area around a magnet in which the effect of magnetism is felt.

2 The magnetic field of magnet A extends further than the

magnetic field of magnet B.
State what can be concluded about the strengths of these
two magnets.
Strengths of magnet A is stronger than strength of magnetic B.

3 Copy this diagram of a bar magnet.

Draw the magnetic field lines around your diagram.
Draw a total of eight lines and put arrows on each line.

4
a Draw magnetic field lines to show how a north and a
south pole attract.

b Draw magnetic field lines to show how two south poles repel.
 9.2
1 Name the piece of equipment that is
used for navigation and uses the Earth’s
magnetic field.
Compass
2 A bar magnet is allowed to rotate freely. Explain which pole of the
bar magnet will point to geographic north.

3 The position of magnetic north on Earth moves at a speed of about

per year. Explain why the position of magnetic north can still be
used for navigation on a 12-hour journey.

4 a What part of the Earth’s structure causes the Earth’s magnetic field?
The Earth’s core temperature
b Name the magnetic metal that makes up most of this part.
Iron
5 a Draw a circle to represent the Earth. With the top of your circle
representing geographic north, draw the magnetic field lines
around the Earth. Add arrows to show the direction of the field.

b State the relationship between the direction of the magnetic field

lines and the direction that a magnetic compass will point

9.3
1 Which of two of these metals can be magnetised?
Copper
Iron
Aluminum
Steel
Silver tin
2 Explain the difference between ‘magnetic’ and ‘magnetised’.
- Magnetic is a material that is attracted to magnet
 - Magnetised is magnetic material
3 State the main difference between an electromagnet and a
permanent magnet.
Permanent magnet: they have a magnetic field that is always there.
Electromagnet:
- When current passes through the coil, the magnetic material
becomes magnetised.
- When the current is switched off, the magnetic material loses
most of its magnetism

4 Draw a diagram to show how an electromagnet could be made from:

• a cell
• a switch
• a coil of wire
• an iron nail.
Use circuit symbols for the cell and the switch.

5 a List three applications of electromagnets.

- The fire door in the picture is held open with an electromagnet.
- Some types of scanners in hospitals use powerful electromagnets
- Electromagnets can also be used for sorting scrap metal

b For one of your applications, explain why a permanent magnet

would not be suitable
- The fire door one. The fire door one. The electromagnet is connected to the fire alarm.
When the fire alarm is switched on, the magnet is switched off and the door closes, so in
case for it to close, the magnet cant be permanent.
9.4
1 Explain why an electromagnet for sorting scrap metal needs to
be stronger than the electromagnet that holds the handle of a
toaster down.
Because metals are heavier and harder than holding the handle of a toaster down.
2 State the three factors that affect the strength of an electromagnet.
List 3:
• The number of turns in the coil.
• The material of the core.
• The current in the coil.

3 The diagrams show circuit diagrams for four electromagnets.

Each has the same current and the same number of turns in the
coils. The material of the core is shown on each diagram.
Which of the circuit diagrams will make the strongest electromagnet?
Write one letter.

4 A science laboratory called CERN in Switzerland uses many very

strong electromagnets. The electricity used by CERN is the same as
that of a small city. Suggest why CERN uses so much electricity
Because the greater the current, the stronger the electrom
agnet.