Science 5

LEARNING ACTIVITY
SHEET

QUARTER 3 WEEK 5

ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM

Design an experiment to determine the factors that affect

the strength of the electromagnet. (S5FE-IIIi-j-9)
 Electricity and Magnetism

Introduction:
You have learned about the many uses of magnets including the so-called
electromagnets. In the year 1820, Danish physicist Hans Christian Oersted
discovered that electric current in a wire can divert a magnetized compass needle,
which led to the formulation of the electromagnetic theory. While lecturing before a
class, Oersted accidentally pushed a magnetic compass under a wire connected to
a battery. He noticed that instead of pointing north, the compass needle swung a
right angles to the wire. This happened only when the current was on. Oersted
found out that electricity had a magnetic influence; that current-carrying wire had
a magnetic field around it.
Electromagnet is a piece of soft metal iron, made magnetic by the passage
of an electric current I through a coil of wire wrapped around the metal.

I. Explore:

Activity 1: Match the items in Column A with their descriptions/definitions in

Column B. write the letters of the correct answers only.

A B
_____ 1. Electromagnet a. the first scientist to discover that
an electric current in a wire
can divert a magnetized
compass needle.
_____ 2. Galvanometer b. a piece of soft metal made
magnetic by the passage of an
electric current through a coil of
wire wrapped around the metal.

_____ 3. Hans Christian Oerste c. a galvanometer that measures

electric current in volts.
_____ 4. Ammeter d. an instrument for measuring small
electric currents by measuring the
mechanical movements.

_____ 5. Voltmeter e. a galvanometer that measures

electric current in amperes.
 II. Learn:

Factors that Affect the Strength of an Electromagnet

Some factors affect the strength of an electromagnet. These include the

material used as core, the number and direction of coils, and the current
flowing through the coil.

Electric Current
Increasing the current flowing through the coil increases the
strength of an electromagnet. However, the battery itself can be a
limiting factor because of its internal resistance (the opposition to the
flow of electric current). Wiring the batteries in parallel is a good
strategy.

https__haygot.s3.amazonaws.com_443_cheatsheet_31565_2f
37334e835f45b28e8ccc140af44431.png

Number and Direction of Coil

Increasing the number of coils increases the strength of an
electromagnet. Each turn of the coil sets up its own magnetic field
and contributes to the total magnetic field.

http://www.markedbyteachers.com/as-and-a-level.science.how-does-
the-number-of-coils-on-an-electromagnet-affect-its-strenght-1.html

The direction of a magnetic field depends on the direction of the

electric current creating it. The magnetic field around a wire as
 electricity flowing directly toward you creates a magnetic field in a
counterclockwise direction. If the direction of the electric current is
reversed, the magnetic field also reverses. It will be now be in a
clockwise direction.
If part of the wire is wrapped around the nail in one direction
and another part in other direction, the magnetic fields from the
different parts cancel out. This decreases the strength of the
electromagnet. Coiling the wire all in one direction increases the
strength of the electromagnet.

https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https%3A
%2Fteachengineering.org%2Fcontent%2Fcub_%2Flessons%2Fcub_images
%2Fcub_mag_lesson2_activity1_figure1.jpg

Activity 2: Read each statement then write TRUE if the statement is correct and
FALSE if not.

________ 1. Electromagnet is made up of an iron core, copper wire, and source of

electricity.
________ 2. Electromagnet is a permanent magnet.
________ 3. Large number of closely spaced turns of wire creates the magnetic field.
________ 4. The number of batteries may affect the strength of electromagnet.
________ 5. Electromagnet can be made stronger.
 III. Engage:

Activity 3: Perform an experiment to determine how the batteries connected in

series or in parallel affect the strength of the electromagnet.

What you need:

 2 pcs. Iron nail (15cm long)
 3m of 22 gauge insulated, stranded (uncoated)
 6 batteries (1.5 volts, size D)
 Pliers or cutter
 Uncoated paper clips

What to do:
1. Use pliers or cutter to remove a few centimeters of insulation from each end
of the wire. (this is a pre-assigned activity)
2. Wrap the wire around the nail all in one direction.
3. Connect both ends of the copper wire to the negative and positive terminals
of the dry cell in series connection. Count the number of pins attracted to it.
4. Repeat procedure 2 and 3 using parallel connection.
5. Record your observations in your activity sheet.

Arrangement of Batteries No. of Paper pins Attracted

Series
Parallel

Guide Questions:
1. How many pins did you pick up in step 2?
2. How many pins did you pick up in step 4?
3. In which arrangement of batteries did you pick up more number of pins? Why?
4. How is the electric current related to the strength of the electromagnet?

IV. Apply:
Activity 4: Fill in the blank the important or ideal material in producing a good
electromagnet.
1. It is the core around which the wire is coiled _______.
2. It supplies electric current ____________
3. It is the conductor where the current flow _________.
4. It is the ability of magnets to attract magnetic materials __________.
5. Is the region around the magnet wherein magnetic force is exerted ________.

Activity 5: Read the situation below. Answer the question by choosing the letter of
the correct answer.

1. Which is an example of a temporary magnet?

a. bar magnet b. horseshoe c. electromagnet d. magnetite

2. Electric fan:motor :: power station: _____________

a. ammeter c. generators
b. voltmeter d. compass

3. Which can increase strength of an electromagnet?

a. increasing the number of batteries and coils around the nail
b. increasing the number of batteries or coils around the nail
c. decreasing the number of batteries and coils around the nail
d. decreasing the number of batteries or coils around the nail

4. The following statements are not true about electromagnet except one.
a. the smaller the size of the battery, the stronger is the electromagnet is.
b. the bigger the size of the battery, the stronger is the electromagnet is.
c. the greater the number of batteries, the weaker the electromagnet is.
d. the greater the number of batteries, the stronger the electromagnet is.

5. Which is TRUE about electromagnet?

a. they are permanent
b. they don’t need a battery
c. increasing the battery makes the electromagnet weaker
d. increasing the number of coils makes the electromagnet stronger

References:
https://depedteacher.com/teaching-materials-guide-and-learning-materials-tgs-lms-elementary-grades-1-6-
all-subjects/
https://depedclub.com/grade-5-learners-materials-3rd-quarter-lm-deped-club/
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B8v9KXTKLdeqVlhRSGdQTlFTSU0/view
https__haygot.s3.amazonaws.com_443_cheatsheet_31565_2f37334e835f45b28e8ccc140af444
31.png
http://www.markedbyteachers.com/as-and-a-level.science.how-does-the-number-of-coils-on-
an-electromagnet-affect-its-strenght-1.html
https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2Fteachengineering.org%2Fcontent
%2Fcub_%2Flessons%2Fcub_images%2Fcub_mag_lesson2_activity1_figure1.

Answer Key:
 Activity 1:
1. B
2. D
3. A
4. E
5. C

Activity 2:
1. true
2. false
3. true
4.true
5. true

Activity 3:
Aswers may vary

Activity 4:
1. nail
2. dry coil
3. wire
4. magnetism
5. magnetic field

Activity 5:
1. c
2. c
3. a
4. c
5. d

Prepared By:
ARIANE BAY C. WOOD
Teacher I

Checked By:
LIZA C. ALUMBRES
Master Teacher I