LITERATURE REVIEW

1. A Case study on a Residential Building using BIM

SANDEEP LANGER, SALONI BHANSALI, 2016

The case study talks about a case of a residential building in Pune, Maharashtra. The study
focuses on creating an intelligent model through coming up with, analysis, planning,
estimation and clash detection using BIM-based software's through a detailed drawing, 3D
model, detailed report, it's complete scheduling, and estimation along with clash detection if
any in the project. And for this 5 software's were used systematically, starting with –

 First i.e., AUTO CAD to create 2D drawings,

 Second REVIT ARCHITECTURE for creating a 3D model,
 Third STAAD PRO to create structure diagram and generating design report,
 Fourth MSP for allocating resources and creating Gantt chart and
 Last NAVISWORKS to do the time simulation and Quantification

2. BIM an emerging technology in AEC Industry for time optimization

ROHAN SAINI, SHUSHIL MHASKE. 2019

This research paper used a BIM-based approach to equate scheduling procedures to those
accomplished using conventional approaches. They also went into the technique of using 4D
tools to estimate the scheduling phase of a construction project.

This research also demonstrates how BIM can help in the real-time monitoring of a building
project while also assisting in the acquisition of reliable data, which helps to speed up the
operation. They've also suggested combining BIM with other dimensions including
materials, cost, energy, location, and so on to build 5D models.

3. BIM – Review and Implementing its Application to a Residential Building

VAIBHAV BHAT, JYOTI S. TRIVEDI, BHARGAV DAVE. 2018

This paper discusses the basic idea of BIM, as well as its benefits and drawbacks, as well as
its current Indian status about its global status. To investigate the ease of BIM application
and its benefits in the Architectural, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industries, a
simple residential building was used.
Various factors, such as the building's orientation, are often ignored during the design
process. The climatic zone in which the building is located is taken into account by BIM and
 by using the data (GIS), it is possible to determine the correct building orientation, which
provides optimum comfort to residents throughout the year.
Indian Status - Larsen & Toubro used the BIM idea to solve their geometric design problem
in the Mumbai Monorail project. Despite all of the challenges, they were able to create a
model in AutoCAD Civil 3D. (with an accuracy level up to 1 mm per m). The project was
completed with high profits and efficiency, as well as a time save of 80% on deliverables.
It was concluded that BIM has a lot of potentials in the current situation as well as in the
future, and it's important to make the switch from traditional procedures to BIM.

4. Benefits and barriers of building information modelling.

ARUNA MUTHUMANICKAM, KOSHY VARGHESE, ASHWIN MAHALINGAM. 2014

The advantages of BIM as well as the challenges to its implementation were addressed in this
paper. The research analysis starts with a historical overview of design tools, followed by the
compilation of BIM-specific questionnaire results. The questionnaire aims to look at the
present state of BIM and to figure out why certain companies need it and others don't. And
the second goal is to determine the benefits and barriers faced by the companies using this
BIM technology.
Benefit – Reduces HR, time, and cost
The barrier is that it wastes time and human resources as per the findings of the
questionnaire, about 40% of respondents from the USA and about 20% from the UK agree
that their companies need to devote a lot of time and human resources to the training process.
According to the findings of the survey, only a few companies are using BIM to model their
programs, However, the findings show that the majority of respondents believe BIM will
become more common in the future while Many architecture teams expect to implement BIM
within the next three years.

5. Traditional Design versus BIM Based Design

AMANDA MARSHALL PONTING, MOHD NASRUN MOHD NAWI, 2014

The paper is dedicated to a review of the types of obstacles we might face when applying
BIM technologies and how they contribute to the possible benefits and why BIM is a more
efficient and collaborative tool than the conventional design approach.
 In this paper, a case analysis of a Warsaw office complex has been considered. The entire
data coordination was done using a BIM model, rather than a conventional design process.
Collisions were observed in Autodesk Revit during the coordination of the model. The
standard model synchronization scheme given by Revit was chosen. A master file was hosted
on the company's central server, and local data were stored on a PC. On average, files were
synchronized every 30 minutes. However, the more detailed the model has become, the more
regular collaboration has taken place.

Concluding that, all the clashes and issues were resolved during the designing phase, thereby
saving the time on rather working on dozens of CAD files and cost too.

Now there arises a question i.e., why does the usage of BIM in everyday practice encounter
so many difficulties? This is because of High implementation cost, skilled staff cost, only a
complete BIM model is useful.

6. Building Information Modelling (BIM) uptake: Clear benefits,

understanding its implementation, risks and challenges

DR. BRIJESH DIXIT. 2016

The data for this analysis came from a two-story traditionally built house, that had been
renovated using the 5D BIM methodology. This paper also helps us to understand 5D
planning in the construction industry. The 5D model combines the 3D model with building
costs and a timeline for the project's completion. In Navisworks manage software 2017, a 5D
model is built by importing and adding a 3D model as well as MSP schedules (time and
cost).

At all levels i.e., pre- and post-construction stages of the house, this 5D model explains
simulation, preparation, arranging, tracking, time liner, and clash identification.

7. Building Information Modelling (BIM) uptake: Clear benefits,

understanding its implementation, risks and challenges

RAHUL HOGADE, JAYASHRI SANAP, PRASHANT PATIL. 2018

This paper first introduces BIM and the clear benefits of using it and the current level of
uptake of BIM in reality. Then it talks about the challenges and risks taking up BIM by doing
a literature study.

It discusses why only large companies are adopting the integration of BIM in their system
and how they are even more successful. It also discusses why small-scale companies are not
adopting BIM which iOS due to lack of demand, cost, interoperability issues, and experience.
 It recommends future recommendations that there is a need to comprehensively quantify the
benefits of BIM beyond the level of simple case studies and to provide clear evidence of BIM
effectiveness.

8. Developing Building Information Modelling (BIM) Implementation Model

for Project Design Team

V. PAUL CHRISTOPHER CHARLESRAJ, DISNESH TALAPANENI. 2020

As we know it is implementing the BIM by the project design team and get the benefits from
its implementation in the project design stage as they don't know the right way to implement
it. So, study proposed a model called 'BIM Implementation Model for Project Design Team'.

Literature reviews and semi-structured interviews are done to gather information on BIM
implementation in the project design stage.

From the results and findings, it explained several factors and causes that contributed to
barriers and challenges of BIM implementation

 Lack of awareness

 No proper guidelines

 Technology
Potential improvements to increase and development of BIM implementation for the project
design team are carried out by adopting maturity models' concept to build the model. The
model is developed to assist the project design team with a place to start and follow several
elements at each level of the model. Each element in each level of the model needs to be
fulfilled by the project design team to increase its performance in managing the project
design stage.

9. How to measure the benefits of BIM - A case study approach

PRASHANT PAWAR, PRASANTH SATHE, RUSHIKESH GAIKWAD, 2016

The objective of this paper was to empirically measure data from Non-BIM and BIM projects
to determine if the utilization of BIM can be beneficial in construction projects. Furthermore,
it was the goal of this paper to provide case studies of BIM benefits via an examination of
Non-BIM versus BIM projects at a particular organization.

The literature study was also done by considering 21 sources to analyses the benefits derived
from BIM utilization with goals of determining the proper metrics for measurement of BIM
 benefits and seeking the data of those metrics from a variety of projects and considering
these metrics in case studies in the paper as well as future projects.

From a thorough review of literature, it became evident that a value-based methodology and
framework for the presentation of the benefits obtained from BIM utilization were necessary
and one was proposed.

10.Building information modelling in sustainable design and construction

MR. SACHIN NALAWADE, HIMANSHU RAMANI. 2019

Literature studies in BIM in the construction domain and BIM prompting sustainability are
done and research design was done by questionnaire to collect original data.
The questionnaire consisted of four major parts:
1. Personal and company information
2. Applications of BIM
3. Contributions of BIM
4. Improvements of BIM
The results indicate that two main functions of BIM are analysis and visualization i.e.,
reducing errors, conflicts, clashes, and increasing quality control and accuracy respectively.
This research contributes to the development of knowledge regarding the practical
applications and contributions of BIM in sustainable design and construction. The results
promote BIM application in sustainable design and construction and may benefit the
development of sustainability in the Australian AEC industry.

11.Building information modelling for small-scale residential projects

SHRADHA B. KULKARNI PROF. GOURI MEHTAR. 2017

The paper tells what is BIM first and explains the clear benefits of using BIM. Then the
maturity levels of BIM are described, and each level is discussed.

In the present study, a theoretical bespoke residence for a private client, having a
construction budget of under £1.5 million, is studied and how the BIM approach can be
utilized to provide enhance productivity with an increase in maturity levels.
It concluded that small-scale construction projects will not immediately benefit from BIM
and parties involved in BIM will have barriers mainly from the contractor's side
implementing it.
12.Building Information Modelling (BIM) uptake: Clear benefits,
understanding its implementation, risks and challenges

DARIUS KALIBATAS, DIANA KALIBATIENE, OLEG KAPLINSKI, 2018

This paper first introduces BIM and the clear benefits of using it and the current level of
uptake of BIM in reality. Then it talks about the challenges and risks taking up BIM by doing
a literature study.

It discusses why only large companies are adopting the integration of BIM in their system
and how they are even more successful. It also discusses why small-scale companies are not
adopting BIM which iOS due to lack of demand, cost, interoperability issues, and experience.
It recommends future recommendations that there is a need to comprehensively quantify the
benefits of BIM beyond the level of simple case studies and to provide clear evidence of BIM
effectiveness.

13.BIM adoption and implementation for architectural practices

MR. ABDUL RAHMAN. 2015

This research is a knowledge transfer partnership between the University of Salford and John
McCall Architects (JMA) an SME based in Liverpool. The paper aims to demonstrate a BIM
adoption process for mapping and re-engineering the strategic and operational processes of
the company at the organizational level of SMEs
In this paper the methodology is to study a system, which is JMA's architectural practice; and
concurrently to collaborate with the members of the system, which are JMA's staff, in
changing the system towards a desirable direction.
It shows the complete activity details of the company in the action research stages.
1. Detail review and analysis of current practices and identification of efficiency gains of
BIM implementation.
2. Design of new business processes and technology path adoption.
3. Implementation and rollout of BIM.
4. Project review and dissemination.
Each stage is studied in detail and process improvement in the project are carried out
Background
1. Situation before the BIM tool implementation.
 2. Analysis of the current situation.
3. Goals to be achieved after analyzing.
4. Situation after BIM tool adoption and lean efficiency gains achieved.
After the study, it is found that BIM adoption and implementation are well advanced. It is
believed that it will provide a clear vision and roadmap with detailed strategies, methods, and
techniques for successful BIM implementation.
Further, the study suggested re-engineer the operational and IT process, and the knowledge
of existing staff, and stakeholders up and down the supply chain. BIM adoption and
implementation approach are as much about people and processes as it is about technology
to:
 engage people in the adoption;
 ensure that people's skills and understanding increases and thus companies build up their
capacities;
 apply successful change management strategies

14.Time and Cost Control of Construction Project using 5D BIM process

A.S. SHIVSHARAN, MRS. D.R. VAIDYA, PROF. R.D. SHINDE. 2017

In this paper, it was observed that the AEC professionals and researchers developed new
tools through information technology, BIM, which will bridge the gaps in the traditional
method by doing the same work with more accuracy, like it will work in stages from initial,
land acquisition, to operational and finally to the demolition which will completely
incorporate in the construction project and can even be applied from pre-construction to post-
construction stages.

The paper summarizes the benefits of BIM to Architect-Engineers-Contractor-Operator

(AECO) Industry to achieve more accurate design, reduced clashes, more precise cost
estimation, and scheduling, integrate design and construction phase, and smooth
collaboration of different construction participants.

Drawbacks noticed During the initial phase of the project are

 The software training consumes lots of time and even the computer machines should also
be advanced to bear the load of such software and due to these costs of implementation
rose.
 There is much upcoming software in the market but they are not effectively practiced
since there are constraints such as existing contractual arrangement and traditional
organizations which flight for their benefits rather than searching for better project
delivery solution.
15.Application of BIM in Residential Project in India: Benefit cost analysis

HARSHIL S. THAKUR, BHISMA V. PANDYA, MIHIR B. RABADIYA, RAKESH C.

PRAJAPATI, 2015

BIM is an effective tool to manage construction process on time and it is information

oriented powerful tool for every step-in construction. The implementation of BIM in India is
still at a nascent stage due to a lack of knowledge of the advantages of BIM. In this literature
BIM was implemented on residential building in Ahmedabad were in this was under
construction only the design and construction of beginning and middle stage was feasible.
BIM was used for the time analysis and 3D and 4D models were generated. Majority of the
errors were found in drawing mistakes, dimensions, clashes between different components
and overall calculations.
After the implementation of BIM, it was found estimated time was 501 days but according to
firm it was 540 days and even the work was behind the scheduled and also 8 errors were
found. This research was aimed to know how project delivery could be improved if BIM is
used to execute the plan in the initial phases of the residential projects in India.

16.Time And Resource Management of Residential Apartment Construction

Using Building Information Modeling

GAURAV S. NARLAWAR, N.B. CHAPAHALKAR, SAYALI SANDBHOR. 2019

The BIM technology popularizing is stimulating its application at every stage of the
construction project life cycle. Integrated BIM known as 4D BIM is used for safety analysis,
animations and to prepare logistic site plans. This literature is a study on schedule
optimization of a resource-constrained construction project with BIM tools such as Autodesk
Revit, and Autodesk Navisworks and to understand the importance of resource management
in residential apartment construction.

BIM was implemented on residential building of G+5 with built up area of 1084sqft. 3D
modelling was done using REVIT and 4D&5D using Navisworks scheduling was prepared
using Primavera. In this paper, BIM tools and scope of BIM application are explained with
importance given to model simulation, scheduling, and cost estimating.

17.A Case Study on Building Information Modeling for Residential Building

 PROF. SACHIN A. GHADGE, MR. MAHESH G. SAMAL, MISS. BHUVARNA M.
MADAS, MISS. RAMADEVI A. ANKAM. 2020

BIM is more than a 3D modeling, it provides 4D(time) links information & data, 5D(cost)
consist of schedule & price. BIM is used as virtual construction, Design &Engineering,
construction management, operation & maintenance.

In this literature planning of residential building according to building bye laws in BIM was
adopted for a built-up area of 2144 sqft the total cost was 32lakhs. BIM helps in clash
detection and finds the solution it also resolves issues with clash design constraints. Use of
BIM in residential construction innovative way to virtually design & manage projects.

18.