Social work with migration people.

Social workers are equipped with the skills

needed to tackle the unique challenges of
refugee/immigration people.. From a broad
perspective, social workers are responsible for
the basic needs of refugees, making sure they
have food, water, shelter etc.
Introduction
1.1.Definition of migration
Migration is the movement of person or a
group of person, either across international
border or
with in a state. Also it is a population
movement, encompassing any kind of
movement of
people, whether its length, composition and
cause differ; it includes movements of refugees,
displaced persons, economic migrants and
person moving for other purposes.
Emigrants leave their country, while immigrants
enter a country. (Immigration -migration into a
country and emigration -migration out of a
country).Migration impacts on both the place
left
behind, and the place where migrants settle.
Migration occurs at a variety of scales:
intercontinental (between continents),
Intracontinental (between countries on a given
continent), and interregional (within countries).
One of the most significant migration patterns
has been rural to urban migration—the
movement
of people from the countryside to cities in
search of opportunities.
Migration case has always been in history from
the early centuries. Migration is as old as
humanity.
.3. Causes of migration
Why do people migrate?
People have many reasons why they might
want to move from one place to another.
These reasons may be economic, social,
political or environmental.
Generally, the factors can be classified into:
Push Factors: Reasons for emigrating (leaving
a place) because of a difficulty (such as a
food shortage, war, flood, etc.).
push factors are negative things such as
unemployment, crop failure, droughts,
flooding, war.
Pull Factors: Reasons for immigrating
(moving into a place) because of something
desirable (such as a nicer climate, better food
supply, freedom, etc.). Pull factors, on the other
hand, are the expectations which attract people
to the new place. They are usually positive
things
such as job opportunities, a better standard of
living, better education or better healthcare.
Moreover, people are migrating around the
world due to pulling factors such as higher
standard
of living and better income while poverty and
unemployment contribute to the pushing
factors.
1.4. Types of Migration
Voluntary migration: It is a type of migration
where by people move anther places by
their own choice and free will.
Forced migration
Forced migration is a general term that refers
to the movement of refugees and internally
displaced people those displaced by conflicts,
environmental disasters, chemical or nuclear
disasters, famine or development projects.
Who are forced migrants?
A. Refugees
The legal definition of refugee as defined in the
UN 1951 convention relating to their status , a
refugee is someone residing outside his/her
country of nationality and has a wellfounded
fear of returning because he/she might be
persecuted because of race, religion,
nationality, membership of a particular social
group or political opinion.
Especially, women refugees may be abused by
the calamity from which they seek to escape,
they
may also be abused by fellow male refugees,
and sometimes even by the service providers in
the host countries.
Role of social worker for refugees? Social
Work’s response to the immigration crisis
includes fighting inhumane conditions, family
separation, and fighting for policy change.
Social workers can play critical roles in
addressing the immigration and refugee crisis.
Those crossing the border do so for several
urgent reasons, including poverty and hunger,
gang violence—including the forced
recruitment of minors into gangs— and
violence against women and families. Most
Ravaged by a history of civil and political
conflict and deep poverty, citizens of these
countries often perceive no other choice than
to flee for their lives.Social workers have an
essential role in understanding and trying to
change conditions in migrants’ home countries.
These countries’ economic problems are due to
climate change, lack of development, and
government corruption. Social workers can
advocate for international policies that help
address conditions in this region
Addressing Violence Against Women
Social workers also address violence against
women in the northern triangle countries.
There is widespread impunity for those who
commit violent acts against women.. This
means that the legal system and government
fail to hold perpetrators legally accountable for
violence and murder against women. This is
referred to as femicide when women are
murdered with impunity.
. Social workers working in international human
rights or who have personal ties to these
countries can advocate for political, cultural,
and social change to help stem the tide of
violence against women in this region.
Supporting Refugees
Social workers also work with refugee claims.
For example, the administration has made it
more difficult for those fleeing poverty, gangs,
and domestic violence to claim refugee status.
Some believe a migrant should only receive
refugee status if they are fleeing political
persecution or war. Others argue citizens of
these countries are essentially running a state
of war-like lawlessness. Women’s rights
advocates believe that women fleeing violence
are members of a persecuted minority. Social
workers can advocate for better refugee laws
and policies, including increasing the number of
courts, lawyers, and judges at the border to
process the overwhelming number of refugee
claims.
Fighting Inhumane Conditions
Social workers involved in addressing the
situation migrants also find themselves the
conditions migrants are in on that side are also
inhumane. People are in large holding areas for
weeks or months at a time. The requirements
are unsanitary and crowded. In addition, many
children and adults have also fallen victim to
gang predation on that side of the border.
Fighting Family Separation
In the US, holding conditions for migrants has
also been inhumane. Children separated from
their parents and kept in metal cage-like
holding pens. As a result, parents have lost
track of their children and have had to put
significant resources and efforts into getting
them back. Social workers urged the
administration to change their family
separation policy and have helped separated
families reunite. They also place children in
temporary foster care while waiting to reunite
with family.

Social workers also protest the inhumane

conditions at the border. These included
holding adults and children for prolonged
periods in cramped, unsanitary conditions.
There is not enough food and water, and
migrants cannot manage their hygiene. They
can also improve the training and credentialing
of staff who work in migrant shelters and
camps. They may also serve as supervisors in
these settings. Or as frontline caseworkers
making a difference in the lives of individuals
and families in crisis.

Advocacy Work
Social workers also work on advocacy efforts.
For example, they serve as staff members of
nonprofit organizations that serve migrants,
immigrants, undocumented immigrants, and
refugees. Social workers educate
undocumented immigrants about their legal
rights. They also teach them how to respond to
Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE)
and navigate immigration laws.

In addition, they may help clients find services,

child care, work, and benefits.
Furthermore, they provide therapeutic services
to traumatized children, families, and adults.
One prominent organization located at the
border doing vital immigrant advocacy work is
Refugee and Immigrant Center for Education
and Legal Services (RAICES). Bilingual social
workers work in refugee communities.
Additionally, there is a shortage of bilingual
social workers.

NASW Statement on Immigration

The National Association of Social Workers
(NASW) issued statements on the
administration’s immigration policies. It also
lobbied Congress to resist changes to
immigrant benefits and services. So, to work
with those affected by the immigration crisis,
contact a local immigrant advocacy
organization or NASW chapter. Unfortunately,
there is no widescale solution to the
immigration crisis insight with gridlock in
Washington. And social workers continue to be
in great demand to help vulnerable individuals
and work toward policy change.