18-06-22 Dawn Editorial With Urdu

PRECOLLEGE QUEST
BIWEEKLY BILINGUAL MAGAZINE 03455616237

Dawn Editorial 18-06-2022
Editorial No.1
SOME GOOD NEWS

That Pakistan has finally got the assurance of
an on-site visit from the FATF !
" # to verify the ìmplementation $% and sustainability
( &' of the country`s money-laundering * +, ) and
counterterrorism63 4 5 2 01( -. / financing
measures` :8 ; 978 before it is formally @ <=>?
removed A BC from the task force`s D EF G H# I
increased monitoring I LM K J (grey) list, is the best
outcome N we could have hoped for from the
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current review.U V T D P R
Q S O It means that
Pakistan should be removed from the grey list in

October once the on-site inspection YW X : is
conducted Z[ \. In its recent Berlin Kà 1 )_ ]^
plenary, "j c d ef 1 gh : i b the global money-
laundering * +,)kl and terrorist-financing Gm -.
n W I8 watchdog o J has made its initial
determination r p q that Pakistan has substantially
t u sX completed two action plans, complying w v
\ with all 34 items, noting that this showed $X:?"
\ xy D " z \ w that the `necessary political}| ( {
commitment ~• remains in place Z • ‚€ to
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sustain 0 1 ƒ „> implementation …† ‡ and
improvement (ˆ‰Š in the future`.
According to the watchdog ‹Œ 1 G • o J:
`Pakistan demonstrated Z A ŽP 4 that terror•
financing 6G2 n W I8 G ( - . investigations :• and
prosecutions p• < ’ ‘> target senior leaders and
commanders of UN-designated <” •D EF G <“ ~
terrorist groups and that there is a positive upwards

trend o– \ —˜ in the number of money-laundering
investigations and prosecutions being pursued d
Z in Pakistan... .
I8G( -. zZZA ŽP4 oš'™ ‹Œ1‹Œ1 G• oJ
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G<“~ Kp•< ’ ‘> :• Gn WI8G( -. ›œ I •Dn W
dB¢ 014£E¤›m +Ÿ m ¡ ž1m\ - -. <”•DEF
o– X§M tu¦ ¥ Gp•< ’ ‘> :•G* +,)Koš' Z
¨Z
This assessment < ª © of Pakistan`s efforts to exit
the grey list 01«D¬•- is primarily based „> @( -
Z on the extensive ® work done by the previous PTI
government to simultaneously g ¯ complete two
challenging action plans given to it for compliance v
°1 to avoid being blacklisted °1²D4\¬± . Yet it
will be unfair µ\ ¶ ´ ³ • ? 1 " to not give credit to
the coalition government ¼ »º › `· ¸¹ for using
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diplomatic channels ¾ $ 9 ½ to help the country exit
the list. There are reports that China had recently

been working quietly D ¿ to help Islamabad on this
front $À " . Many believe that the decision also
indicates tacit G Â Ã Á US support. If true, it means
that we are now closer to ÄÅ Æ the restoration IÇ of
the IMF bailout, … DEFGÈ É p† even if not there yet
Í Ìm tÊ Ë- . Once formally removed A Î @ÏM? ?Å
Ð from the list, the country will see its credit
rating (Ñ Ò ÓW improve, giving confidence to
foreign ÕÔ ´ investors X ³8Ö. That several actions
implemented Ð d …† ‡ over the last four years
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wouldn`t have been possible w\ × Øx without the
military`s consent (ÙM shows the army has remained
supportive ZÚ 9 n W of the civilian efforts to exit the
list. Last but not the least, the conviction Û of the
banned ~ÜX Lashkar-eTaiba chief Hafiz Saeed on
terrorism-related Ý D ( - . charges :8 Þ must
also have strengthened d¸ß Pakistan`s case.
Ð doåæD Bç oå •à" z\ áâã³ äZ[\B¢ g " <à³
<àXí$ @1Bç¨Zê ë Úè" éê Ìë ìD" Bç oå <à
The television is big, has an excellent picture, and

last but not least, it's cheap.
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No matter how encouraging it is, Pakistan`s success
in meeting ]ïXK4ð ñ FATF`s anti-money-laundering
and antiterrorist-financing standards ó : ò in an
exceptionally Iô ´ short time frame ef 1 ö G g õ ,
despite • ? 1 the efforts of certain foreign powers ÷
Ô to get the country blacklisted, should not

G møh Õ´
make the authorities ú’â£ Ì›~ù complacent û as
had been the case previously ý \ æ z ü . We have
been on the grey list thrice þ ( since 2008. Being
downgraded â A - â d I to that list again would do
irreparable s >â damage to the economy and
international trade : , . It is, therefore, hoped
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that the nation`s civilian 6}|2( and military (
leadership : will continue to show the highest level
of political commitment ð G }| to address
014 the leftover <ª8 ? deficiencies Ú[› in the
country`s AML/CFT regime 6Å XH 2 , and carry on
( the good work to update ð < [ and
strengthen K 4 ¸ß the relevant laws ó ,
regulations and procedures X F in the months
and years to come. Km f m 3 4†
Anti-Money Laundering and Counter Financing of

Terrorism
DdDdDdDd
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Editorial No.2
NA-240 VIOLENCE
The ugly scenes witnessed c " † ! in
Karachi`s NA-240 constituency # during Thursday`s
by-poll :?& ( % $ are a reminder of Ä Z AG
the political violence ' }| that regularly rocked •
[ ) D (=>? the metropolis in the not-toodistant
past. K *+ ,
Q 8 Unfortunately, they may also be a
harbinger - ! of things to come unless z t ä the
administration and political parties commit to . ~•
ensuring X 4£ / a violence-free ' D ' electoral
exercise ‡]& . At least one person was reported killed
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as supporters of various political parties primarily ( -
@ MQM-P, oš'0 <“ PSP 1 '2 Ö ' and TLP QÅ3
oš' 4 clashedp\ 56 on polling day. One
showdown 8 7 Å in Landhi was particularly
disturbing,; o: @9Á as rival È< partymen ; X =>
traded heavy fire,G *?!‰”4 terrorising citizens › m@
\ w < . . The convoys A> of PSP leader Anis
Kaimkhani and TLP supremo < BÖ Saad Rizvi came
under fire †K G*?! in separate C C incidents. :D
K. Among the triggers K :XE of the violence were
reports of mischief:lJ G ) I H (G F inside the
polling stations, with footage :K @º emerging 9 EL
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p\ of an alleged M MQM-P worker stealing \w ( N
election material o8f ]& . What is of major concern (˜
PO is that law enforcers 3 4 Qâo‘> , including police
and Rangers, largely watched as spectators pRStu(˜
Z T while political rivals È< used deadly force < A Du
GB¢ gh against each other.
As per the unofficial results UV ( XÖ ´ , the MQM-P
candidate seems to ZW have captured the seat X
7 Y, though by a razor-thin ì pZ majority ef 1 (ðB,
while the TLP candidate has come in a close

second [ •Ö D \] •^_. Considering \w ` the
allegations :8 Þ of rigging 1 Iªa , and the close
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margin of victory \] c+ X b , the calls :dŒ for a
recount 1 4 e < ? are justified Ä f . Moreover, the
fact that the TLP performed well at the ballot box g
K indicates Z[ < R that the party once known for its
violenth9 01 ' shows of ZÚªiG:?" strength
is becoming a significant player (^j O in electoral
politics.k | ]& . In the last elections, the religiously
motivated Ã•l @ mn party returned o p q
candidates to the Sindh Assembly, and it may soon

have lawmakers f o‘> sitting in the National
Assembly. However, significant questions :, r O
remain unanswered Äst •Êt primarily @( -; will
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the party shun ( Z ? its violent ' rhetoric D( ?oå of
the past? The NA-240 episode 8 should raise
concerns u’ a˜ : about the ECP`s oš'E†v g and
the administration`s G wx ability y> to conductâ z
polls :?& peacefully @{ . Considering the fact|
\w ` that 20 by-polls :?& $ for Punjab
Assembly seats vacated Ä } G IÁ • by de-seated B k
3 4\ lawmakers ~ 'Q• fo‘> are due next month
Ä 3 4\ <8 € , is the state kA ready for this major
electoral exercise? After all, the scenes witnessed in

Punjab between the PML-N o¨• ‚oš' and PTI-PML-
Q \¨• ‚ oš' ¨ Eƒ Å3 oš' combine „ do not
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inspire w ÌLM confidence … . In such circumstances,
K :, † the administration, especially the ECP and
law enforcers, and political parties have a major

responsibility( ‡$ to guarantee peaceful polls. The
ECP must ensure there is no roomZ Ì ˆ‰ p› for
electoral malpractices, G m‹ ŠI ]& while political
parties need to clearly instruct •¤ @Œ their
cadres Ža• • ; X to shun G‘ violence as it is the
right of the voters to choose their elected <” ’
representatives X m “” in an atmosphere K B•8 † Å
free from violence and pressure. \ 'D ? '
DdDdDdDd
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Editorial No.3
LIGHTS OUT
The Sindh government yesterday became } – the first
provincial administration wx p?— to enforce â Qâ the
early closure â Ñ ˜ of markets in a bid K o Å to
conserve 0 1 4™ electricity. According to a
notification J issued by Ð d ( • province`s home
secretary,œ (›š all markets have been told to shut
shop by 9pm. Likewise, •F } eateries ŸX G 4ž have
been told to lock up 3[ by 11pm, while marriage
halls B ( R have been told to conclude ¡
events :¢£ before 10.30pm. Medical stores,
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pharmacies, Á hospitals, petrol pumps, CNG B¤¥¦
§stations, bakeries and milk shops will remain
exempt( Ä ¨ from the restriction D (Ñ' , which will
Q
hold for a 30-day period. The strategy © ª ³, first
implemented h } G Qâ as a precautionary ¬«
measure @ 1 ~; to curb 0 1 ~ý the spread of
coronavirus when the pandemic was in full swing • ñ
ý –•, will now be used to µ dB¢ X" t divert 01-
more electricity to household consumers,° ± ¯® who
have been suffering ÄZ 5 ² Ô extended <” ®³ hours of
load• shedding in oppressive I ´ oµ (ª heat and
humidity · ¶. Other provinces are also deliberating
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ÄZ ¸ ` similar moves :8 ; 1 •F " and are
expected to take their decisions on the matter soon.

It is a less-than-ideal solution Ì ³ ¹ Iç to Pakistan`s
energy shortfall X 6Gº2, but it will count ž A 6K¼ [2 »
¨µ . It is clear that the country urgently @( # needs
to rationalise ‹Œ1½ energy consumption â B¢ Xpâ ³.
The electricity generation ( ¾ shortfall needs to be
managed by controlling demand \w'¿> s so that
more resources can be diverted for public needs.

¨ZÃ ^ 6EFG° ±¯®2Á XÂf ‰Š°1:A { À
The move G ;! should not be resisted u’ ÌÄ Š
by traders just for the sake ofFÁ G 6 Å À2 it. The
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timings X:> notified < o by the Sindh government
Ç Æ ÊÔ Æ
seem to be ZW• quite accommodative ¾ f† mf Æ ÈÉ Ë
, 4 of their interests : Å : the time set for closure is
generally followed Z 9 G( Ì G} @~l as a norm GB—
G•=> in most traditional Í ð< A markets Km@Î m ?
of the city. There is no doubt Ì Ï p› K " that
commercial activities mï-Ö 9 will take a hit ( m\ ÐÑ
of some magnitude t4ÓÒ tuÒ, but sacrifices Gm‹?+
need Z: {G to be made in these trying times (ÔGoÕ
K. Traders should also be asked why they open
markets in the afternoon, as has become the

norm :?GBô, instead of earlier in the morning. It is a
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wasteful practice , Ö×BØ , and this culture needs to
change permanently, regardless z1" RÙ of whether
there is a shortfall or not \ A\ 6Gº2. The cavalier Ú Û
wastage Ü of national resources X Âf does not
behove the people of a country à Ì <Ý! › mÞ 1 ß Ò
stumbling K áâ from one shortage to another D Å
\w EFG (Ö .
DdDdDdDd
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OPINIONS
PAKISTAN`S CHANGING
HEAT MAP
BY ALI TAUQEER SHEIKH
THE scorching temperatures and prolonged
heatwave in several parts of Pakistan are a reminder
of what lies ahead for the country. Jacobabad,
Nawabshah and Sibi have emerged amongst the top
hottest places in the world with average
temperatures recording five degrees Celsius higher
than normal. The illustrative value of these three
districts is important for drawing Pakistan`s heat
map, which is necessary to determine the trends in
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crops, yields, local trade, jobs, health, migration,
construction designs, school enrolments and drop-
outs, and changing electricity demand. The
increasing temperatures are irreversible. Many areas
of Pakistan are at serious risk unless a series of
interventions are strategised and systematic
investments in local resilience are made.
One simple way to understand the phenomenon is to
compare the temperatures of four cities of Punjab
Rawalpindi, Lahore, Faisalabad and Multan.
Each city is about a degree higher than the other,
with an overall average temperature difference of
about 5°C between Rawalpindi and Multan, within
the margin of the projected temperatures in global
climate models. How disruptive would the changes
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be on the standard of living index for residents of
Rawalpindi if the latter were to become hotter like
Multan within a few decades? Prolonged high
temperatures are like living permanently in a warmer
region, instead of just experiencing the occasional
peaks during summer.
While March 2022 was the hottest month in over a
century of written records, prolonged high
temperatures since March have led to several new
local-level weather records. The temperatures in
many areas were 10°C, or more, above normal, with
62 per cent less rainfall. This year`s dry heat was bad
for crops but, mercifully, less lethal for people in the
densely populated agricultural regions of Sindh.
Trends show that the labour force from Jacobabad,
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Nawabshah, Sibi and other districts is moving
towards Quetta to survive although livelihood
options and economic opportunities in Balochistan
are limited. Increasing temperatures cause high
evaporation and land degradation, reducing soil
moisture and agricultural productivity, as
witnessedin the case of Pakistan`s favourite mango
crop this year. Increased heat coupled with decreased
moisture is said to have reduced mango production
and exports. The extent and duration of high
temperatures in the plains of Punjab and Sindh have
stunted the wheat crop, increased demand for
imports, and added to the already growing food
insecurity in the midst of soaring commodity prices
resulting from the Russia-Ukraine conflict.
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This is not to imply that the high-altitude mountains
and glacial areas are not prone to heatwaves.
Heatwaves in the upper reaches of the Kabul river
basin that release early water enables the watering
of early varieties of rice cultivation in the upper Sindh
districts of Larkana, Dadu, Shikarpur, Qambar-
Shahdadkot, Jacobabad and Kashmore.
Because of these heatwaves, Sindh has become a
rare example in the world where rice is grown in the
desert. After extensive research, the World
Meteorological Organisation announced earlier this
year that Turbat, almost 1,000 kilometres away from
Jacobabad, recorded a temperature of 53.7°C in May
2017. Heatwaves in the upper Indus basin areas in
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Gilgit-Baltistan are
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accelerating glacial melt, emptying Pakistan`s water
tank and causing downstream flooding and loss to
infrastructure, as was recently witnessed at
Hasanabad.
While weather forecasts, advisories and warnings by
the Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD) since
the 2015 Karachi heatwave have improved, their
warnings are still not colour-coded, nor have they
become more scientific or practically useful.
For example, they still release only the temperature
data, and not the `heat index` that is a measure of
how hot it actually feels outdoors when humidity and
other factors are taken into account along with the
temperature. The heat index that combines
temperature and humidity is considered a better
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indicator of heat intensity and the hazards this poses
to people, livestock and crops.
Another index called the `wet bulb` lets people know
how much heat the human body can handle before it
becomes dangerous. Overheating can become
dangerous at much lower wet-bulb tempera-tures. It
is described as à measure of heat stress under direct
sunlight that factors in temperature, humidity, wind
speed, cloud coverage and the angle of the sun`. The
inability to efficiently cool off increases a person`s
heat stress. When humidity is high, sweat evaporates
slowly. The body`s core temperature increases,
triggering a series of emergency responses to protect
vital functions. The PMD has the technical capacity to
release advisories for people to avoid being outside
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during the hottest parts of the day; this is particularly
important for schools, farmers and others working
outdoors to avoid the threat of sunstroke, muscle
cramps and heat exhaustion, and to prevent possible
deaths. It is time for the PMD to augment its climate
information services for improved decision-making by
individuals and institutions.
Heatwaves have always been prevalent in South Asia.
But their increased frequency, intensity and duration
are now clearly attributed to climate change rather
than only to historical trends. The present wave is,
however, indicative of the direction of the `new
normal` that the future holds for us. An influential
report, released last month by an international team
of scientists from the World Weather Attribution
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initiative and Oxford University, and that uses a peer-
reviewed method, has created global shockwaves by
claiming that heatwaves have now become 30 times
more likely. This wave of intense heat underlines the
growing risks that will confront us in the decades to
come. It cannot predict the level or intensity of future
heatwaves. The projections indicate that the hottest
heatwave experienced thus far will simply become
the new summertime normal. Even if carbon
emissions were to be reduced to stabilise global
warming at 1.5°C or 2°C, carbon stocks in the global
system will continue to disrupt weather patterns and
cause heatwaves and the challenges associated with
it, particularly floods and droughts. If there is no
escape from heatwaves, how can we continue to
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ignore planning our responses to them? m The writer
is an expert on climate change and development.
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EVERYTHING FOR SALE

BY A L T A F H U S S A I N K H OS A 2022-06-18
CONSCIENTIOUS intellectuals of the modern world
would feel no hesitation in admitting that the original
sin of the New World, including Europe and America,
is slavery that they committed centuries ago vis-à-vis
the people of the Dark Continent.
Likewise, when we analyse the development plight of
the Third World countries, we realise that the actual
crime of the ruling establishment in these nations is
the rampant corruption they have committed against
their people by stealing national wealth and ruining
social, political and governance structures.
According to historical records, what was to become
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regular transatlantic slave trade involving the
Europeans and the people of Africa probably began
in 1491 when Portuguese sailors, in the guise of
traders, priests and emissaries, arrived in the
kingdom of the Kongo. Slavery in Africa then was not
as harsh as what the Europeans later established in
the New World. As time passed, the lust for slave
profits converted into such `monstrous greed` that
priests abandoned their preaching and began to keep
black women and men as enslaved people and then
sold them to Portuguese merchants. This fever seized
not only the priests but also corrupt local chiefs who
were getting rich on the back of the slave trade. They
were depopulating their lands by selling human
cargo to the Portuguese in return for fascinating
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jewellery, clothes, tools and household ornaments.
King Affonso took over as the ruler of the Kongo in
1506. He was not an abolitionist, but he was against
overseas slavery. His strong opposition to the
overseas slave trade incurred the enmity of
foreigners and local chiefs. During his long rule,
Affonso wrote to Portuguese King João III to stop the
slave trade in his lands, but to no avail. Affonso also
sent messengers to the Pope, but the Portuguese
traders kidnapped them before they reached Rome.
The slave trade in the Kongo continued till the late
19th century. Internal chaos and regional disunity led
to the dismemberment of the kingdom, making it
easy for the Europeans to colonise the whole
territory.
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In one place, King Affonso is found complaining to his
fellow chiefs: Ìn this kingdom, faith is as fragile as
glass because of the bad examples of the men who
come to teach here, because the lusts of the world
and lure of wealth have turned them awayfrom the
truth. Just as the Jews crucified the Son of God
because of covetousness, my brothers, so today he is
again crucified.
While going through this historical anecdote, the
speeches of our ex-prime minister Imran Khan, which
he delivers at his political gatherings, resonate in my
mind. King Affonso was lamenting that the
Portuguese, in connivance with his local chiefs, were
kidnapping his people. Khan is complaining that his
political rivals have stolen his nation`s wealth and put
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them in offshore accounts. His politically charged
speeches have a definite role in awakening the
masses. But he does not speak candidly. It is not only
politicians who are considered corrupt in Pakistan.No
political party can come to power in this country
without a symbiotic agreement with powerful
institutions. By agreeing upon such terms, you are
obligated to protect the interests of those, along with
yours, who manoeuvre `ballots and horses` for you. If
the ex-prime minister has ever made such a deal, why
the lamentation? Backdoor compromises with non-
political players against widely accepted political
norms are detrimental to democracy and
truthfulness. Personally, Khan may be less corrupt
than his predecessors. But as a traditional power-
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seeker, he has used unfair channels to come to power
and compromised the national interest by
accommodating his wealthy businessman-cum-
politician companions, who are said to bear his
personal and political expenditures.
Riasat-i-Madina was not built on such principles.
Blaming alien forces, especially India and America,
for all the mess in the country is not an effective
strategy. We should be bold enough toaccept our
collective failures and realign our national priorities.
Our territorial sovereignty has repeatedly been
violated despite huge budgetary expenditure on
acquiring modern equipment.
Incidents of public lynching of locals and a foreigner
in Sialkot have tarnished our national image. Still,
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none of the state functionaries at the senior level
have ever been held responsible for their perennial
inefficiency and lethargy on account of strong cadre
protection.
States get weak not because of the interference of
outsiders but because of inefficient, egoist and
corrupt national institutions. Without delivering even
basic public welfare, our institutions always remain in
a race to grab the maximum financial resources from
the state`s annual budgets.
Self-accountability is non-existent in our society.
Accountability within government organisations has
a trickle..down impact, and it should begin from the
top. But we have a reverse accountability process.
Most state officials live beyond their known sources
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of income because the weak and selective
accountability system provides refuge to them. The
former prime minister introduced the Civil Servants
(Directory Retirement from Service) Rules, 2020, to
force the retirement of inefficient and corrupt
officials, but the strong civil service cadres got these
rules repealed swiftly after his departure.
We all know that the real power in the country does
not vest in the masses. Neither are they cognisant of
the dynamics of economics, politics and institutional
power games. Unfortunately, they suffer the most
because of institutionalised corruption, arbitrary
treatment and exclusion. Trust deficit, parochialism
and ethno linguistic biases are deepening. The claims
of nationalism and patriotism feel shallow.
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For our national well-being, we need to support a
genuine political leadership in the country whose
primary focus is on ensuring regional homogeneity,
powerful local governments, equitable distribution of
prosperity among federating units, and the formation
of a strong and non-partisan accountability force. It
is possible if we succeed in reining in the monstrous
greed of both the guards and guardians by bringing
them within the ambit of the rules and laws. The
writer is a governance and development analyst.
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DEPTHS OF HURT
By A . G Noorani 2022-06-18
THE large-scale protests in India over the derogatory
remarks made by two senior BJP members regarding
the Holy Prophet (PBUH) reveal the extent of Muslim
hurt and resentment that had accumulated over
time. The reaction of the BJP and its government at
the centre was a study in sheer opportunism.
The Economist`s New Delhi correspondent wrote:
`When Antony Blinken, America`s chief diplomat
criticised the decline of religious freedom in India on
June 2, bemoaning an increase in àttacks on people
and places of worship` in the country, the
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government ... slammed his ìll-informed
comments`... .
`The reaction was rather different when ... many
countries in the Gulf lodged complaints concerning
offensive remarks about the Prophet Muhammad by
two senior officials in India`s ruling Bharatiya Janata
Party..
`The party quickly declared that the comments of
these officials did not represent its official stance.
When that failed to calm tempers, the BJP took
action against the pair. Nupur Sharma, the party`s
national spokeswoman, was suspended. Naveen
Jindal, its head of media in Delhi ... was expelled.
There are obvious reasons why the reaction was
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different. The Gulf countries are in a position to
substantially damage Indian interests. They include
Qatar, which, as The Economist pointed out, is India`s
largest supplier of LNG, besides hosting migrant
Indian labour. It is the Gulf region from where India
gets most of its oil supply.
But the magazine also pointed out that Muslim
states have generally opted to keep quiet on the
treatment of India`s minorities, including Muslims, by
the state, so as not to be accused of meddling in New
Delhi`s affairs. However, the BJP`s latest aggression
was an attack on the Islamic faith itself.
India is not the only one. In Europe, the same offence

is committed repeatedly.
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Remember the infamous Danish incident in 2005
when the Danish newspaper JyllandsPosten published
a dozen derogatory images.
The French magazine Charlie Hebdo also angered
Muslims around the world by publishing controversial
images of the Prophet.
Over the years, the political climate in Denmark has
changed radically for the worse. Writing several
years ago, Kiku Day, a Danish musician, noted with
regret that the country `took a step not merely to the
right but to the far right`. This reveals the domestic
roots of Islamophobia. Another is the impact of Islam
as a faith on non-Muslim minds and, relatedly, the
impact of external politics.
Minou Reeves, until 1979 an Iraniancareer diplomat,
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noted centuries of European denigration of Islam`s
holiest personage who is revered by hundreds of
millions across the world. She mentioned in one book
the `whole amalgam of myths that had been
conjured up in Europe from the Middle Ages by
bellicose crusaders, by generations of churchmen
fearful of a threatening and all-powerful Islam, by
reforming men of the Christian Church, by
flamboyant writers of the Renaissance, by champions
of Reason in the Enlightenment, by writers, poets and
painters intoxicated by the imagined charms of the
exotic Orient, by serious biographers unable to shake
off their own Christian view of the world... .
As opposed to those who criticised Islam, there were
others in `the tradition of Roger Bacon, of John of
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Segovia ... of young Goethe ... of Carlyle ... of
Annemarie Schimmel. They have sought to
understand Muhammad`s cause, Muhammad`s
message, Muhammad`s social and political reforms,
Muhammad`s personality... .
It should go further. A factor is neglected:the
Muslims` selfassertion in politics domestic and
international.
Read these lines by Edward Gibbon in his magisterial
book The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire: À
victorious line ofmarch had been prolonged above a
thousand miles from the rock of Gibraltar to the
banks of the Loire; the repetition of an equal space
would have carried the Saracens to the confines of
Poland and the Highlands of Scotland; the Rhine is
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not more impassable than the Nile or Euphrates and
the Arabian fleet might have sailed a naval combat
into the mouth of the Thames.
Perhaps the interpretation of the Quran would now
be taught in the schools of Oxford, and her pulpits
might demonstrate ... the sanctity and truth of the
revelation of Muhammad`.
But the Muslims have been at fault in a said failure of
communication. It is not easy for a non-Muslim to
understand the place which the Prophet enjoys in
Muslim life. It was left to the truly great scholar of
Islam, Annemarie Schimmel, to bring home this fact
to students of Islam. Her magisterial work And
Muhammad Is His Messenger: The Veneration of the
Prophet in Islamic Piety is not a biography but a study
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of just what the `Chosen One` means to the lay
Muslim. The writer is an author and a lawyer
based in Mumbai.
EMPOWERING TEACHERS
BY N E D A M U L J I 2022-06-18
THE idea of learning is as old as time itself, yet we
struggle each day to empower teachers to develop
the competencies and skills required to transform
teaching and learning. Many teachers lament lack of
opportunities for continuous growth, lack of
empowerment, reward and recognition.
While their demands would be rational in an ideal
world, they are not necessarily legitimate when there
is a huge gap between the demonstration of skills
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and the call for empowerment, which involves
decision-making, commitment to strategic aims and
a vision.
How can empowerment occur in a vacuum where the
competencies don`t match up to the demands of the
educational institution? The answer may lie in
addressing the huge gap between skills training and
curriculum demands.
The story of empowerment is multilayered there can
be no cake without the ingredients. We cannot see
growth and progress in an environment wrought with
deficiencies or functioning on the wrong ingredients.
Once potential is unlocked and the necessary
competencies are addressed, empowerment is the
result. The story starts with enablement through
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building and optimising capabilities, setting up
mechanisms for ongoing improvement and tracking
measurable indicators to monitor impact. Ad hoc
policies and bursts of intermittent effort to train
teachers through INSET (in-service training) days
cannot fulfil the requirements.
Unfortunately, delivering content without a vision or
strategy, especially with funding limitations and a
web of restrictions on teachers, cannot carry hope of
empowerment which, in turn, limits the teachers`
ability to enable students the ultimate stakeholders.
A structured strategy is not just necessary but crucial
to students` future. However, the journey may be a
difficult one as we can`t really build a tower without
laying the foundations. In our schooling system, that
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implies recognising those with competence and key
talent, and customising teacher training modules to
offer piecemeal services to teachers according to
their needs.
There are mainly three quick and effective ways of
empowering the faculty looking closely at their
commitment through the metrics of ìnstitution-
building` measures.
What impact do they have on teaching and
learning, on the reputation of the institute and how
well do they address students`needs above and
beyond their job description? While reward and
recognition is a significant driver of motivation, there
can be little commitment without empowerment.
It is tricky to measure the impact of
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empowering teachers as it has many facets.
The most obvious one is setting targets withshortand
medium-term goals and monitor how teachers
accomplish them. How well do they engage in setting
the goals for themselves? How motivated are they to
take responsibility for their students` learning?
Another significant factor is their willingness and
ability to upgrade their skills. Can they track their
own learning and report the progress they have
made in their performance? Another measure of
empowerment is to look closely at the vertical
growth within an institution and the percentage of
teachers able to move into leadership roles over a
fiveyear period. If opportunities are created with
clear expectations, teachers will be able to step into
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more demanding roles seamlessly. For example, a
primary school math teacher felt the need to engage
more deeply in exchanging ideas through
collaboration and, with the school management`s
approval, set up a professional learning community
involving primary teachers from multiple branches of
the chain school. Initially, it functioned as an internal
support group, and later, became massive in its
scope, withteachers from other schools wishing to
join and learn. Their digital outreach eventually
enabled thousands of teachers to join the thriving
learning community.
This is an example of how teachers can be leaders
withoutbeing in a designated leadership role. With
her vision, that teacher may have been singularly
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responsible for a culture of innovation that helped
the growth and reputation of her school. School
websites are usually wrought with the history,
reputation and achievement of the students and
testimonials by parents, but they rarely celebrate the
successes of individual teachers. Acknowledging
teachers` efforts publicly is essential to increasing
motivation and commitment.
Teachers cannot always be great at every aspect of
their work life. Some are great at motivating
students, others are curriculum drivers while many
may not be great teachers in the classroom but can
provide fantastic pastoral care. Identifying individual
strengths and leveraging them by distributing key
responsibilities throughout the wider institution can
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build a strong teaching and learning environment.
The writer is senior manager, professional
development, at Oxford University Press Pakistan,
and a Fellow of the Higher Education Academy.
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PRECOLLEGE QUEST
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18-06-22 Dawn Editorial With Urdu

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PRECOLLEGE QUEST

BIWEEKLY BILINGUAL MAGAZINE 03455616237

SOME GOOD NEWS

an on-site visit from the FATF !

" # to verify the `implementation $% and sustainability

( &' of the country`s money-laundering * +, ) and

counterterrorism63 4 5 2 01( -. / financing

measures` :8 ; 978 before it is formally @ <=>?

removed A BC from the task force`s D EF G H# I

increased monitoring I LM K J (grey) list, is the best

outcome N we could have hoped for from the

03455616237 ‫ٹ‬ ‫ما‬ 1

Pakistan should be removed from the grey list in

conducted Z[ \. In its recent Berlin K`a 1 )_ ]^

plenary, "j c d ef 1 gh : i b the global money-

laundering * +,)kl and terrorist-financing Gm -.

n W I8 watchdog o J has made its initial

determination r p q that Pakistan has substantially

t u sX completed two action plans, complying w v

\ with all 34 items, noting that this showed $X:?"

\ xy D " z \ w that the `necessary political}| ( {

commitment ~• remains in place Z • ‚€ to

03455616237 ‫ٹ‬ ‫ما‬ 2

improvement (ˆ‰Š in the future`.

According to the watchdog ‹Œ 1 G • o J:

`Pakistan demonstrated Z A ŽP 4 that terror•

financing 6G2 n W I8 G ( - . investigations :• and

prosecutions p• < ’ ‘> target senior leaders and

commanders of UN-designated <” •D EF G <“ ~

terrorist groups and that there is a positive upwards

investigations and prosecutions being pursued d

I8G( -. zZZA ŽP4 oš'™ ‹Œ1‹Œ1 G• oJ

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dB¢ 014£E¤›m +Ÿ m ¡ ž1m\ - -. <”•DEF

o– X§M tu¦ ¥ Gp•< ’ ‘> :•G* +,)Koš' Z

This assessment < ª © of Pakistan`s efforts to exit

the grey list 01«D¬•- is primarily based „> @( -

Z on the extensive ® work done by the previous PTI

government to simultaneously g ¯ complete two

challenging action plans given to it for compliance v

°1 to avoid being blacklisted °1²D4\¬± . Yet it

will be unfair µ\ ¶ ´ ³ • ? 1 " to not give credit to

the coalition government ¼ »º › `· ¸¹ for using

03455616237 ‫ٹ‬ ‫ما‬ 4

the list. There are reports that China had recently

front $À " . Many believe that the decision also

indicates tacit G Â Ã Á US support. If true, it means

that we are now closer to ÄÅ Æ the restoration IÇ of

the IMF bailout, … DEFGÈ É p† even if not there yet

Í Ìm tÊ Ë- . Once formally removed A Î @ÏM? ?Å

Ð from the list, the country will see its credit

rating (Ñ Ò ÓW improve, giving confidence to

foreign ÕÔ ´ investors X ³8Ö. That several actions

implemented Ð d …† ‡ over the last four years

03455616237 ‫ٹ‬ ‫ما‬ 5

military`s consent (ÙM shows the army has remained

supportive ZÚ 9 n W of the civilian efforts to exit the

list. Last but not the least, the conviction Û of the

banned ~ÜX Lashkar-eTaiba chief Hafiz Saeed on

terrorism-related Ý D ( - . charges :8 Þ must

also have strengthened d¸ß Pakistan`s case.

Ð doåæD Bç oå •à" z\ áâã³ äZ[\B¢ g " <à³

<àXí$ @1Bç¨Zê ë Úè" éê Ìë ìD" Bç oå <à

The television is big, has an excellent picture, and