BAO-IDANG, CHAERMALYN D.

1240 AE-311

LRA 5-1: DATA PRESENTATION

1. The following table shows the data for 50 vehicle purchases during the last five years made at a particular car dealership.

A. i. Problem: Construct a table showing the given data's frequency, relative frequency, and percent frequency
distribution.

ii. Rscript:

install.packages(“readr”)

install.packages(“pander”)

library(readr)

library(pander)

Vehicle<-read.csv("Vehicle.csv")

Vehicle

View(Vehicle)

Vehicle.freq <-table(Vehicle)

Vehicle.freq

freq.dist<-cbind(Vehicle.freq)

freq.dist

colnames(freq.dist)<-c("Frequency")

freq.dist

pander(freq.dist)

Vehicle.relfreq<-(Vehicle.freq/sum(Vehicle.freq))

Vehicle.relfreq

Vehicle.percent <-(Vehicle.relfreq * 100)

Vehicle.percent

Vehicle.fredist <- cbind(Vehicle.freq, Vehicle.relfreq,

Vehicle.percent)

Vehicle.fredist

colnames(Vehicle.fredist) <-c("Frequency", "Relative Frequency",

"Percent Frequency (%)")

Vehicle.fredist
pander(Vehicle.fredist)

iii. Output

B. i. Problem: Construct a bar chart and a pie chart for the sample.

ii. R Script:

install.packages("tidyverse")

install.packages("forcats")

install.packages("readr")

library(readr)

library(tidyverse)

library(forcats)

Vehicle<-read.csv("Vehicle.csv")

Vehicle

bar1<-ggplot(Vehicle,

aes(x=Vehicle))+geom_bar(width=0.5)+ggtitle("Vehicle Purchases")

bar1

bar2<-

ggplot(mutate(Vehicle,Vehicle=fct_infreq(Vehicle)))+geom_bar(ae

s(x=Vehicle),width=0.5)+ggtitle("Vehicle purchases") bar2

library(readr)

Vehicle <-read.csv("Vehicle.csv")
Vehicle

data.freq <-table(Vehicle)

data.freq

freq <-c(14, 7, 6, 13, 10)

freq

label <-c("Ford", "Honda", "Mitsubishi", "Suzuki", "Toyota")

label

percent <-round(freq/sum(freq)*100,1)

percent

label <- paste(label, percent)

label

label <-paste(label, "%", sep ="")

label

piechart <-pie(freq, labels=label,

col=rainbow(length(label)),main="Pie

Chart of Vehicle Purchases")

iii. Output

BAR 1

BAR 2
iv. Interpretation

The graph shows that Ford got the highest frequency of 28%, which means that it is the most frequently used vehicle
during the last five years at a particular car leadership. Then followed by Suzuki, who got 26% and is relatively close to
Ford with just 2%, this means that Ford and Suzuki have the most reliable amount and quality for the dealership, which is
worth purchasing to the customers. Toyota got 20% which is sought to be in an average purchase frequency for customers.
While Honda covered 14% and Mitsubishi for 12%, this implies that Honda and Mitsubishi do not have enough capacity in
a car dealership and that fewer customers are satisfied with its quality, cost of ownership, and reliability.

2. The data below shows the time in days required to complete year-end audits for a sample of 20 clients of Sanderson
and Clifford, a small public accounting firm.
i. Problem: Construct a dot plot for the sample.

ii. R Script:

install.packages("ggplot2")

library(readr)

library(ggplot2)

Audit<-read.csv("Audit.csv")

Audit

dplot<- ggplot(Audit, aes(Time))+geom_dotplot(binwidth=1.0)

plot

iii. Output

iv. Interpretation

Twenty clients of Sanderson and Clifford were used as sample data to know the required days to complete year-end audits
of a small public accounting firm. The graph shows that the maximum repetition of audit time in days is three times; thus,
there is no audit repetition exceeding three times per day in the client's record. The measures of its central tendency have
a mode of 18. 18 (time in days) has the maximum number of repetitions while 14, 15, and 22 were repeated twice, and
the rest has not a repetition of an audit.

3. The dividend yield is the annual dividend paid by a company expressed as a percentage of the stock price
(Dividend/Stock Price x 100). The dividend yields for the top dividend-paying stocks in the Philippines for 2021 is shown in
Table 5.17.

A. i. Problem: Construct a table showing the grouped frequency distribution and percent frequency distribution.

ii. R Script

install.packages("readr")

install.packages("pander")
library(readr)

library(pander)

Dividend<-read.csv("Dividend.csv")

Dividend

View(Dividend)

breaks <-seq(0.26, 8.13, by = 1.31)

breaks

classint <-cut(Dividend$Dividend.Yield, breaks, right=FALSE)

classint

div.freq<-table(classint)

div.freq

div.relfreq<-div.freq/sum(div.freq)

div.relfreq

div.pctfreq<-div.relfreq*100

div.pctfreq

div.freqdist<-cbind(div.freq,div.pctfreq)

div.freqdist

colnames(div.freqdist)<-c("Grouped Frequency","Percent

Frequency (%)")

div.freqdist

pander(div.freqdist)

iii. Output
B. i. Problem: Construct a frequency histogram.

ii. R Script

library(readr)

data <-read.csv("Dividend.csv")

data

hist(data$Dividend.Yield, breaks=seq(0.26, 8.13, by=1.31),

main="Histogram of Dividend Yield", xlab="Dividend Yield",

ylab="Frequency", col="yellowgreen", right=FALSE, ylim=c(0, 30))

iii. Output

iv. Interpretation

33 companies were used as a sample to determine which of these companies’ dividend yields for the top dividend paying
stocks in the Philippines for 2021. The first table shows that the most percentage of a group having a dividend yield of
0.26 to 1.57 got the highest percent frequency of 45.45% with a fraction of 15/33 companies. Most companies under
45.45% are the most significant and most prominent and influential multi-company in the Philippines. The companies with
a range of 1.57 to 2.88 dividend covered 33.33%, companies who fall in between 2.88 to 4.19, 5.5 to 6.81, and 6.81 to 8.12
with a fraction of 2 companies out of 33 got 6.061% while the lowest percent frequency of 3.03% falls under the only
company who fall in between the range of 6.81 to 8.12 dividend yield.