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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

Overview

As global warming topics have been popular in recent years, environmental-protection

consciousness like energy conservation and carbon reduction becomes the mainstream and
lifestyles such as Lohas and slow living have been emphasized. “Green craft” that stresses on
sustainable conceptions and requires naturalness, environmental protection and reuse will
become future trend. Many conceptions resulting from materials, production and usage modes of
traditional techniques conform to current green design in many aspects. Green design related
concepts found from forefathers’ wisdom can give new inspirations to modern designers and
generate new-filed conceptions of “green craft” through combining traditional workmanship with
green design ideas. Therefore, “how to utilize traditional craft and green design education to
make designer consider not only commercial purposes but also cultural and environmental
protection” is the foundation of this study’s viewpoint. Previous scholars’ researches on
traditional craft mostly reflect on materials and manufacturing modes of handicraft products as
well as history and culture of the industry; value of “environmental protection” is occasionally
mentioned but articles about relationship between environmental protection and green design
concept are rare. Therefore, this study integrates green design conception with bamboo craft
development to investigate trends of environment and culture.

Bamboo is said to be a biggest grass grown on the earth surface. Bamboo is also a fast growing plant in the
world, which is primitive. Bamboo can grow in any climate, from cold climate to hot regions. Bamboo is also
an environmental benefit. The humans from ages are have adorned Bamboo. Bamboo is used in various
requirements of any kind of life on earth, from providing food for pandas, elephants and chimpanzees to
being cultivated for Timber, Leaching, Culinary purpose, Medication, Construction, Textiles, Weapons,
Musical Instruments, numerous traditional usage and other many uses. We find bamboo most on the Asian
grounds, basically in China and India. They are around 50 genera and 700 species in Bamboo that is used,
when it comes to above-mentioned uses. In developing countries bamboo is been used in many traditional
uses, in rural industries like handicrafts, furniture, and utensils in houses. It is also used widely in multiple
industries in modern times. It also serves like an alternative to wood and other construction materials. 
Bamboo is also used immensely in producing pulp and paper.

Bamboo is been exquisitely used all over in Indian Craft and Culture. From variety of baskets to furniture the
Bamboo craft is grown immensely. Places like Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Meghalaya,
Mizoram, Tripura in Northeast India is very famous for Bamboo crafts. The tribal people, for the basic needs
like knife, shelter, furniture, food, containers and many more purposes used bamboo most of the time.
Likewise in southern India Bamboo craft is trendily emerging for its durable quality, lightweight and for its
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leisurely handling. Bamboo’s main production is basketry; various kinds of baskets are made irrespective of
size, shape and design. Other than baskets trays, mats, folding fans, screens, toys, glue, ladder, furniture,
wind musical instruments and many more are made out of bamboo. Coiled basketry; Plaiting basketry;
Twining basketry and Wicker and Splint basketry are different forms of basket weaving. ` of human
civilization. Baskets are used for numerous purposes like in storage; in transportation of harvests; in
processing the seeds and grains; in laundry; in catering; fish traps; in commercial business of vegetables,
fruits, flowers and many more. In ritual occasions also the bamboo basket is used to carry the offerings for
the god.

Bamboo craft is a cultural tradition with a long history. With the spread of globalization, it has
generally become an important aspect of cultural heritage to show the unique features of different
places and symbols of cultural differences. The history of bamboo craftsmanship in Taiwan has
evolved as times have changed. In an agro-farming society dominated by kinship and clan groups,
bamboo craftsmen mainly worked in areas where bamboo was produced or where bamboo
industries congregated. In the early stages of the Industrial Revolution, as the social division of labor
became clearer, Taiwan’s bamboo products flourished. Bamboo craftsmanship emerged as an
important industry during Japanese rule, when many bamboo products, including sanitary
chopsticks, bamboo brooms, and bamboo fans, became daily necessities for the populace. Some of
these products were exported to Japan and the West [1]. However, the demand for bamboo
products dropped dramatically in the 1980s, resulting in a decreasing number of bamboo
manufacturers. Soon, only a tiny number of small, household workshops or individual bamboo
handicraft practitioners remained, with their focus turning to individual workshops or craft teaching.
In the age of the internet, bamboo handicrafts not only serve as useful tools in daily life, but they are
also becoming endowed with new social functions.
After Taiwan’s bamboo industry was transferred abroad in 1980s, the mass-produced bamboo
industry began to decline, whereas bamboo craft teaching flourished, resulting in the emergence of
the popularity of individually handcrafted bamboo art. In 1994, the Ministry of Culture of Taiwan
began to promote the policy of “community building”. Guided by this policy, farmer associations and
town offices in bamboo-producing areas provided courses on bamboo craftsmanship to train local
talent in the technical art of bamboo handicraft, aiming to promote local economic productivity and
beautify their homeland [3]. After the adoption of the “Convention on the Protection of Intangible
Cultural Heritage” by UNESCO in 2003, Taiwanese society also began to pay more attention to the
diverse forms of its cultural heritage.
Bamboo is a valuable material which is being used as substitute for wood. Bamboo may replace
wood in many industrial applications and thereby contribute to alleviating deforestation and in turn
encourage the restoration of tropical forests. It has tremendous potential for socio-economic and
environmental development and international trade. However, utilization rate of bamboo has
remained low although most existing bamboo species are fast growing. Despite the potential of
bamboo for socio-economic development, bamboo is currently not being utilized optimally as a
community-based commodity.

Bamboo is a valuable material which is being used as substitute for wood. Bamboo may replace
wood in many industrial applications and thereby contribute to alleviating deforestation and in turn
encourage the restoration of tropical forests. Bamboo is a major construction material particularly in
rural areas. It can be used for almost all parts of houses, including posts, roofs, walls, floors, beams,
trusses and fences. Communities have also been utilizing bamboo to produce mats, baskets, tools,
handles, hats, toys, musical instruments and furniture. In the food sector, bamboo shoots are

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becoming a more popular delicacy. Indeed, bamboo has tremendous potential for socio-economic
and environmental development and international trade.

Bamboo has been an easy and versatile material for all societies that have practiced a self-reliant,
ergonomically and environmentally sustainable way of living.Bamboo is considered sacred in such
societies as it is invaluable for many tasks in their daily lives. For rural people who do not depend on
industrial goods for their daily practices learn to fashion bamboo to their requirements from an early
age. A majestic bamboo grove creates an atmosphere of delicate shade. Stacks of bamboo are
freely available for construction or the making of any product by craftspeople. Sons and daughters
first observe and then assist their fathers and mothers in creating much of their utility objects,
especially if the raw material is easily at hand. Farmers for centuries have cultivated their lands and
then relied heavily on artisans to offer them articles for the next step in their work. Bamboo articles
are made first by cutting the bamboo to the sizes, widths and lengths required. Different bamboo
species are best for performing separate functions. Not much is needed to fashion them further
except for the indigenous cutting knives called dao and takal. Any kind of fine lacy pattern or tough
open weaves depend simply on the process and technique of cutting the bamboo.

Strips and handles made separately are attached to carry baskets used in urban areas as containers
for gifts.

Bamboo is a high-yielding green plant in China (especially in southwestern China), which has
advantages that other plants cannot match. In ancient times, the ancients used bamboo to make
living utensils and use them to build houses. As an intangible cultural heritage, bamboo weaving has
been passed down from generation to generation. It has a long history of culture and an important
social status. However, due to the impact of the technology industry, bamboo weaving is gradually
disappearing. Nowadays, the society advocates products with spiritual and cultural connotations,
especially the environmental protection concept of “ecological green”, and the bamboo knitting
process will leap into the eyes of the people. Bamboo weaving not only does not pollute the
environment, but also can be recycled many times. It is the best choice for green materials for
household products. Through its own advantages, the traditional handicraft skills have been newly
passed down and developed, and the modern interior space design has become more "green and
ecological". Innovation on the basis of inheritance is a tribute and protection to Chinese traditional
culture and an indelible responsibility of the descendants of Chinese.

Bamboos are a diverse group of evergreen perennial flowering plants in the subfamily
Bambusoideae of the grass family Poaceae. The origin of the word "bamboo" is uncertain, but it
probably comes from the Dutch or Portuguese language, which originally borrowed it from Malay or
Kannada.

Bamboos are fast growing, with most species being harvested in 3-5 years,
and some species reaching maturity in a year.

It is therefore a low cost material that is strong and durable and can be used
for just about anything from house building to functional and decorative
objects such as bamboo pots!

Among some of the artefacts in daily use that are crafted from this material
are; bamboo rice steamer, chairs, stools, fountains, hats, baskets, mats and
rugs, beds, cups, bowls, pots, eating utensils, chopsticks, fishing traps and
rods, boats, carts, musical instruments such as flutes, and toys.
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PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION

The world is facing a number of problems to which bamboo could provide a partial
solution. There is a near certainty of wood shortage in the near future.
Compounding that is the withdrawal from wood production of forests for
conservation reasons. The world population is becoming more urbanised. When
employment is provided in rural areas there is a wish that it should have the
appropriate scale and adequate local participation in decision-making. Thus, to
have a partial impact on these problems, a solution is needed that has the following
characteristics: A product can be produced that substitutes for wood in the widest
range of uses. The production of that product has positive environmental impacts.
The product can be made in a rural environment to assist in reducing the pressure
of urbanisation. The scale of production should be such that rural people are not
displaced by it and can participate meaningfully in the activity.

This research would then concentrate on teaching every adult person in Balugang,
Burgos, Ilocos Sur on how to make a bamboo crafting. The researchers are
required to include educational materials that include bamboo crafting activities.

Importance of the study

Among diverse plant species worldwide, bamboo is a very important natural resource. Bamboo
belongs to a group of perennial grasses in the grass family Poaceae, and is well known for its
adaptability with a short development life cycle and exceptionally quick growth [2]. Bamoo species
can adapt to a wide variety of ecosystems and climatic conditions. For example, they can be found
in diverse environment, including moist deciduous, semi-evergreen, tropical, subtropical and
temperate areas, although tropical and subtropical regions usually support high levels of bamboo
diversity. Globally speaking, there are approximately 1500 bamboo species under 87 genera [3].
However, bamboo resources are distributed unequally across continents. They could be found in all
continents except for Antarctica and Europe, and bamboo resources are especially rich in Asia, with
approximately 900 bamboo species under 65 genera [4]. For example, China has the highest
bamboo biodiversity in the world, followed by Japan and India.
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Unlike hardwood trees, bamboo could regrow after harvesting, which means it can be harvested
every single year for the life of the plant. As one of the most important non-wood forest resources,
bamboo represents an ideal wood substitute, and could effectively minimize timber demand
pressure on forest wood production. In China, for example, the government has kept promoting the
use of bamboo resources since the implementation of natural forest protection policy for the purpose
of forest conservation. As a result, natural forests have been protected effectively, and a bamboo-
based industry is developing promisingly [5]. Bamboo is also widely used for multiple purposes, such
as the essential materials for construction and decoration purpose, furniture, flooring, textiles, fiber,
food, utensils and music instruments, due to its quality and versatility. It is said that bamboo can not
only replace wood, but also substitute plastics, steel, cement and composite materials in structural
and product applications [6]. For people from remote mountainous areas with limited off farm income
opportunities, bamboo plays an especially important role in sustaining their livelihood, and this holds
true across continents [6, 7]. For example, local communities build their houses using bamboo,
decorate room with bamboo furniture, collect and eat bamboo roots to obtain a sufficient supply of
dietary fiber and vitamins, and make handcrafted bamboo products and sell them to other
communities or available markets.
Bamboo also has significant environmental benefits. Its soil-grabbing roots could help prevent soil
erosion and maintain soil stability. Also, its roots could leach heavy metals from the soil, and
efficiently draw water closer to the surface due to its strong water absorption capability. As a result,
environment that is inhospitable to other plants could be modified and improved, although this
important role of ecological engineering by bamboo is often less understood or appreciated. During
its growth, bamboo could also take up high amounts of nitrogen from the soil and carbon dioxide
from the air, which, undoubtedly, would help alleviate water and air pollution problems. Obviously,
promoting the development of bamboo resources not only enhances community livelihood, but also
improves environmental quality and increases ecosystem functioning. Meanwhile, bamboo is of high
aesthetic value, and serves as a very important component in landscape architecture and garden
design due to its beautiful morphological shape and high ornamental appeal. The Chinese love
bamboo, and bamboo culture has been rooted in their culture over generations. To the Chinese
people, bamboo is a symbol of virtue, and reflects people’s souls and emotions. It is not surprising
that in China, a large number of artistic works have been made with bamboo as the central theme.

MEASUREMENTS

The results and findings of the study may serve as basis in formulating effective strategies which
can cater the needs of the learners.

Students. This study may provide influx of information which could help them to improve and
develop their cognizance in natural creations.

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Parents. The ideas of the study will make them realize their roles in assisting or guiding their

children towards better understanding.

Researchers. The cognizance they will gather from their study might guide them as future

teachers.

Future Researchers. This study may serve as guide or basis for researchers who want to

explore a study along this line.

LITERATURE

The word “craft” was firstly described in “Kao Gong Ji” and its simplest explanation is “works of various

skills” closely related with work, livelihood and life. Occurrence of craft is originated from tool, which

helps people lead an efficient and convenient life, obtain physiological comfort, reasonably arrange job

and rest, and even have mental relief and satisfactory spiritual life. When green concept is emerging,

numerous experts and scholars are making constant searches and proposing diversified theories about

green concept. Many “green craft” related value conceptions and dissertations appear: Zhu (2004)

writes an article named “Traditional Handicraft, Green Design, Appropriate Design, and Design

Education”; Lin (2007) indicates “craft should be connected with core environmental-protection and

sustainability issues of present world”. From global exhibition halls (Japanese Pavilion of 2005 World

Exposition, Aichi; Madrid Airport of Spain established in 2006; Vietnamese Pavilion of 2010 World

Exposition, Shanghai; “Taiwan Garden” of Taipei International Flora Expo) over recent years we know

bamboo has become one of the most potential material while green, environmental-protection and

low-carbon conceptions are gradually valued. Bamboo craft development and green protection trend

Characteristics and symbolization of bamboo Bamboos always grow in warm and wet environment and

should be kept away from cold, so Asia possesses 85% of bamboo resources of the world. Taiwan locates

between 46°N and 47°S where the natural conditions are suitable for bamboo growth. Therefore,
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Taiwan is rich in bamboo species and has a stable basis of applying bamboo materials. In Chinese

culture, “bamboo” has multiple symbolic meanings such as upright character, faith and cold resistance.

It has been considered as a token of literati from ancient times. In “Bamboo style”, Angelika

Taschen(2006) mentions that bamboo has quite good performance in mechanics and various aspects.

Therefore, in addition to cultural representation, bamboo is more special in its material: physically, it

features flexibility, bendability, shrink resistance, etc.; structurally, it has characteristics such as being

hollow, segmental, light and firm. Under the need of environmental protection and pressure of

insufficient resources, bamboo is not only a naturally advantageous resource of Taiwan but can also be

converted into competitive power for national production and design, and this is precisely the value of

Taiwan bamboo.

Tamil Nadu is predominantly known for its bamboo crafts, which are made for home décor, furniture, Natural

reed bamboo for fencing and many other purposes. Likewise in Vellore artisan called Mr. Chinnaraj, practices

his ancestral bamboo craft on the streets of Sitting Bazar Road, Saida pet. Most of his products are open

baskets of various sizes according to the purpose it is needed for and there are small boxes made especially

for the devotees of murugan (Kartikeya son of Lord Shiva) to carry the offerings while going for pilgrimage.

Bamboo is largely harvested in nearby forests and segregated among 250 Bamboo craft artisans. All the

artisans are situated in local market around the city.

Along with advanced industry and commerce and ever-changing technologies, environmental

destruction becomes a major problem presently. Life modes to which human beings have been

accustomed significantly influence the earth’s environment. Due to rising of issues on green sustainable

development, design field also begins to value green conceptions. Therefore, “green design” gradually

becomes an important ideological trend of design academia. Under exhaustion of global energy and

promotion of traditional handicraft revival, the two topics “environment” and “culture” valued by

various countries around the world integrate green design idea with traditional craft and become a new

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trend of craft and design industries. From viewpoint of green design, this study makes investigation

through three stages: The first stage explains trend of global green design and sustainable

environmental protection. The second stage discusses sustainable conceptions of bamboo craft: green

materials, green manufacturing and green use. The third stage is about relationship between bamboo

craft and 6R principles of environmental protection. By virtue of investigations in this paper, we can find

out ideas of green design from our forefathers’ wisdom and know new concept trends of “green craft”

formed through a combination of traditional craft with green design ideas, so as to give new inspiration

to modern designers, provide a reference for scholars’ researches on bamboo craft products and

enhance possibility of craft product design and innovative design.

conventional bamboo processing factories. However, scientific evidence repeatedly shows that
bamboo leaves are of high medicinal and economic values. Flavonoids extracted from bamboo
leaves show significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, and have been successfully
used as health products and food additives, such as bamboo leaf tea, antioxidants and
polysaccharide [8]. Actually, the example of bamboo leaf flavonoids manifests that multiple use of
bamboo resources should be encouraged to enhance their utilization efficiency. In addition to
bamboo leaves, the long fibers of bamboo make it a good papermaking raw material. Especially,
bamboo fibers have natural anti-bacteria, anti-bacteria and anti-ultraviolet characteristics, which
make them superior to other fiber materials. As a promising alternative energy source, bamboo
charcoal is more porous than regular wood charcoal, which significantly increases its absorption
effectiveness of moisture, nutrients and metals. Also, bamboo charcoal can be used in many
different ways, whether added into food, used to make cosmetics or generate electricity. Obviously,
the best way to improve the utilization efficiency of bamboo resources is to recognize and promote
their multiple usage, and pay special attention to the value added at every stage of the production
process.
For the sustainable development of bamboo industry, the sufficient supply of raw bamboo materials
must be guaranteed. Although large-scale bamboo plantations could be a straight solution, land
availability often makes this approach difficulty to practice in reality. However, large-scale bamboo
production is still possible by applying tissue culture techniques, and tissue culture techniques along
with conventional methods could be combined to enhance the production of raw bamboo materials.
Also, the cultivation and management of bamboo production under scientific guidance is essential.
For example, suitable bamboo species with favorable traits, such as high productivity and fast
growth, should be particularly selected through the screening process, and optimal environmental
conditions for their best performance should be studied in detail. Also, it is important to maintain
bamboo diversity at both species and genetic level, as this is essential for the health and
sustainability of bamboo resources. To serve this goal, building successful partnerships between
academia and industry is necessary.
Environmental issues associated with the development of bamboo industry need to be well
addressed. First, wastewater and other forms of waster need to be treated and recycled to a
sufficiently acceptable level (e.g., the national or local discharge/emission standards should be met),
rather than being released directly into the environment. In practice, it means that all of the bamboo-
processing enterprises should submit the application of pollutant emission permits to the local
environmental protection bureaus/departments on a yearly basis. Only enterprises that meet
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regulation requirements are could get an approval for production operations. Otherwise, they are
suspended or revoked as a consequence of violating environmental rules. For enterprises, they
should purchase high-tech equipment to replace the old ones in order to meet legal emission
standards, while for local environmental protection bureaus/departments, they should enhance their
monitoring and auditing capacities, and make great efforts to strengthen enforcement of
environmental rules.
Overall, the reasonable development of bamboo resources is a win-win solution as it could help
alleviate rural poverty, protect environment and enhance ecosystem functioning. However, to
achieve an eco-friendly development of bamboo industry, some priorities should be identified and
corresponding steps should be taken, including but not limited to the sustainable development,
efficient utilization and scientific cultivation of bamboo resources, and strict management of bamboo
manufacturers to minimize their environmental footprint.

As the global environment changes rapidly and society develops, the environmental and social problems

facing every locale, such as the decreasing number of natural plants, emerge in an endless stream. As a

result, people are calling for increased natural protection. In the 1960s, Victor Papanek said in his book

Design for the Real World: Human Ecology and Social Change that designers should take into account

the limited resources of the Earth and protect our environment. In 1987, Gro Harlem Brundtland

published a report on Our Common Future (also known as the Brundtland Report) at the UN General

Assembly. In this report, “sustainable development” was defined as follows: “Sustainable development

is a development model that meets our current needs without compromising the needs of future

generations to meet their needs”. From 1987 to 1992, the concept of sustainable development matured

as committees discussed, negotiated, and wrote the 40 chapters of Agenda 21. Initial thoughts

concerning ESD were captured in Chapter 36 of Agenda 21, “Promoting Education, Public Awareness,

and Training”. Since the 1980s, the concepts of “environmental protection” and “green design” have

gradually become some of the mainstream design concepts in Taiwan. The government invited foreign

experts to describe the future design trends of “green design”. In 1994, the Industrial Bureau of

Sustainability 2019, 11, 2487 3 of 21 the Ministry of Economy promoted the “Application and Promotion

Plan of Green Design” and then formally published the book Green Design. The importance attributed by

the government, industry, and non-governmental organizations to the environment has also inspired

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serious thought in the field of design. Teachers and students in the design departments of universities

are developing products for environmental protection, paying attention to the rational use and recycling

of materials, and producing goods without pollution or with low pollution to the environment. From the

late 1980s to 1990s, a large number of traditional handicraft factories were closed, coinciding with the

emerging community effort to incorporate traditional handicraft into community education. Since the

1990s, schools have designed educational models and technical curricula for handicraft courses, which

are essentially similar to traditional crafts. During this time, traditional crafts were formally introduced

into the curricula of universities, where students learn craftsmanship by creating products that combine

crafts with life. Competence-based higher education enables students to gain important knowledge,

skills, values, and attitudes, which they will require in their future professional and personal lives.

Rychen (2002) affirms that the use of competence-based education contributes to improving the

process of assessing students regarding the abilities they acquire to face life’s challenges, but also sets

key educational goals that improve education systems and lifelong learning processes. The formal,

traditional curriculum is more centered upon the transmission of knowledge, rather than the facilitation

of critical, innovative, and creative learning spaces where students can challenge their own models of

thinking and practice, develop their own innovative and creative projects, or explore alternative ideas

and choices. Weinert affirms that “the theoretical construct of action competence comprehensively

combines those intellectual abilities, content-specific knowledge, cognitive skills, domain-specific

strategies, routines and subroutines, motivational tendencies, volitional control systems, personal value

orientations, and social behaviours into a complex system" . The emotional system controls the muscles

of the body and changes the brain’s response through chemical neurotransmitters. Positive emotion

arouses curiosity, helps stimulate creativity, and keeps the brain open for efficient learning. Research

into commonly adopted ESD pedagogies in higher education—adapted from Cotton and Winter (2010)—

includes the following: role playing and simulations; group discussions; stimulus activities; debates;

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critical incidents; case studies; reflexive accounts; critical reading and writing; problem-based learning;

fieldwork outdoor learning; and modeling good practice. ESD helps to develop the capacity for critical

reflection and systemic and future thinking, as well as to motivate actions that promote sustainable

development. In 2002, William McDonough and Michael Braungart began to promote the concept of

cradle to cradle, which advocated that humans should learn from nature and that everything is a

nutrient and can return to nature. In the pursuit of ecological benefits, the cradle-to-cradle design

follows three principles: waste elimination, renewable energy and carbon management, and diversity

creation. In response to the German environmental protection scholar’s cradle-to-cradle design concept,

the National Taiwan Craft Research and Development Institute held a Taiwan Bamboo Craft Exhibition

with a “Bamboo Craft and Green Earth” theme in 2009 to encourage people to use their creativity to

create a green and fashionable bamboo culture. Considering that people are drifting apart from nature,

the environmental friendliness of bamboo materials and its value in a circular economy make bamboo

precious in environmental conservation. Bamboo has a short growth cycle, quick harvest and

supplement in a short span of time, and no negative impact on the environment. The whole bamboo

plant, ranging from its leaves and branches to tubes and roots, can be fully utilized. According to the

website of the Bamboo Project Research Center of Musashino Art University, Japan, bamboo design

workshops of different themes have been held with regularity since 2008. In Indonesia’s post-disaster

reconstruction, teachers and students from Japan and India made a variety of sustainable bamboo

furniture and bamboo buildings to promote the development of the local bamboo industry. The local

wetland of Chenglong Village, Kouhu Township, Yunlin County, is an environmental learning field. Since

2010, Yunlin County Kuanshu Educational Foundation has been commissioned to organize “Cheng-Long

Wetland International Environmental Art” annually, inviting international artists and Sustainability 2019,

11, 2487 4 of 21 residents to share their concerns on environmental issues. The materials used in these

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environmental art installations are bamboo, driftwood, and other natural materials and recycled

materials without environmental hazard

3. The problems of utilizing bamboo resources

3.2. Low utilization efficiency of bamboo resources

Low utilization efficiency of bamboo resources is a common problem widely found during the
manufacturing process of bamboo products. For example, bamboo leaves, roots, powder and cutting
pieces are often not fully utilized. Instead, they are simply treated as useless solid wastes. Another
serious problem lies in that many bamboo manufacturers are small-scale enterprises, and they
produce conventional products that are similar to one another. Also, most of these products are
primary products without adding more value. Therefore, these products often lack competitiveness in
consumer markets. Moreover, such manufacturing of bamboo products represents an irresponsible
and inefficient way of using precious bamboo resources.

3.3. The shortage of bamboo raw material

Although large-scale commercialization of bamboo products is an emerging trend all over the world,
as demand soars, the shortage of bamboo resources will be a limitation to the development of
bamboo industry. Also, rapid population growth, agricultural land expansion and large-scale
deforestation all put great pressure on the available land for bamboo planting. Even large areas are
specifically devoted to growing bamboo, these lands would take over land traditionally used for other
purposes, and thus have negative effects on biodiversity and the ecological balance of local
environments. Also, current bamboo plantation practices often lack suitable methods to ensure
bamboo quality and productivity. For example, bamboo plantations can lead to increased
susceptibility to pests and diseases, as well as soil degradation and a loss of biodiversity. Also, the
lack of information regarding bamboo survival and performance under different environmental
conditions could jeopardize the outcome of bamboo plantations.
3.4. Environmental issues associated with the development of bamboo industry
Although bamboo is a natural and ecologically friendly material, serious environmental issues could
emerge during the process when bamboo products are manufactured. For example, the enterprises
that produce bamboo-based flooring, filament and panels also generate solid, liquid and gaseous
wastes, which would then impose negative impacts on the surrounding environment. Also, although
bamboo shoot represents an exceptional delicacy, the production of canned bamboo shoots involves
the addition of salt and other food additives, and the treatment of pollutant from this processing,
namely, a large amount of high salinity wastewater, is a very difficult task

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The results that was derive from this study are beneficial to following:

The results of the study also help every each other to be informed at the same time to be
matured enough to understand the good effects of crafting a bamboo in their lives.

Moreover, this research gives the patents additional knowledge on what strategy to use to
educate everyone about the well-known good effects of bamboo crafting to youths, specially on
mental, physical health and becoming a business minded

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In addition, the findings are significant to the future researchers and researchers in a way
that it serves as their basis in disseminating allocative bamboo crafts.

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