A PROJECT WORK REPORT ON

Changing Pattern of Family Structure in

Bhangal Community

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor (BA)

2nd year Sociology

Submitted by:

Bikram Kumar Thapa

SN:

Reg. No: 6-2-20-260-2016

Bhaktapur Multiple Campus

2079-
RECOMMENDATION LETTER
The project work report entitled “ Changing Pattern of Family Structure in
Bhangal Community” of project work submitted by BIKRAM KUMAR
THAPA of BHAKTAPUR MULTIPLE CAMPUS, BHAKTAPUR is
prepared under my supervision as per the procedure and format requirement
laid by the faculty of Humanities. Tribhuvan University, as partial
fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of Bachelor of
Humanities. I, therefore, recommend the project work report for evaluation.

................................

Bikram K Thapa

BHAKTAPUR MULTIPLE CAMPUS

Date:

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ENDORSEMENT
We, hereby endorse the project work report entitled “Changing Pattern of
Family Structure in Bhangal Community” submitted by BIKRAM KUMAR
THAPA of BHAKTAPUR MULTIPLE CAMPUS, Bhaktapur in partial
fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the Humanities for external
evaluation.

Date:

.............................

External Supervisor

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Acknowledgement
With the great effort, support and helping hand of many people , I became
finally able to accomplish this project work report.

Firstly i would like to thanks to the Bhaktapur Multiple Campus family, who
provided me such a great opportunity to go to the field and information.
Similarly i am greatful to the people of Bhangal community who provided
right information to fulfill the questionaries and internviews though they
were busy on their own work. On the other hand, BIGYAN THAPA, My
brother, also played a vital role in completing this project work report and
had helped me from the beginning and I would like to thank him heartily. In
the same way, to come to the end of this poject work report , the credit goes
to my friends also to whom I am glad to have.

Bikram Kumar Thapa

Date: 2079-

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Table of Content
Topic: Page No.

Abstract.......................................................................................6

2nd Section

Chapter I

1.1 Introduction.....................................................................7
1.2 Statement of the problem.................................................8
1.3 Objectives........................................................................ 8
1.4 Significance of the study..................................................8

Chapter II

- Literature Review............................................................. 9

Chapter III

Methodology................................................................................10

3.1 Rational of selection of study area.........................................11

3.2 Research design......................................................................11

3.3 Universe and sampling...........................................................11

3.4.1 Data Collection...................................................................11

3.4.2 Data analysis.......................................................................11

Chapter IV

- Data analysis...................................................................12-16

Chapter

- Summary .........................................................................17

- Conclusion.......................................................................18
- Feedback.........................................................................19
- SectionReference............................................................20

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 - Questionaire....................................................................21

Abstract
This project work report was done on the topic “Changing Pattern of Family
Structure in Bhangal Community” which had aimed to collect the
informations about the economic growth of nuclear and joint faimly and
become success also. I got lots of information about their family structure,
economic condition and their chnage in living style according to the change
of community. To accoplish this project work, I used different materials.
Pens, questions, sound recorder as well as diary was used during field visit.
After completing the survey I became able to know their economic condition
of different families. I became successful to collect different information of
different family of Nepali community.

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Chapter I
Introduction
Changing pattern of family structure is a great current issues of Nepal and
concern of Nepalese Government. With the flow of time the family pattern is
also changing. One place family pattern can include the whole Nepal as
Bhangal community can include the whole Nepal.

As Nepal is unity in diversity. People with different caste, religion,culture,

language live here. Theory have unity among them. Classical or traditional
community are leading to modern community with the time. Most of the
community had joint family in the past but present community donot have
most joint family. Similarly Nepalese people go to foreign countries for job
as well as for study. Nepalese people are living all around the globe. In the
same way, people have vast change in the concept of marriage. In the past
people used to have only arrange marriage and love marriage was not
accepted. But in present context, majority people like to do love marriage
rather than arriange marriage.

In the context of nepalese society people were forbidden to get inter-caste

marriage. If done they were not accepted by the family as well as society. In
the present community, people are educated and they think broadly.
Restriction on culture and system are leaving behind and moving ahead.
People are more aware about the political situation of Nepal. They are more
access to the modern technology like cellphones, laptops and other gadgets.
People have good economic condition as compare to the past. There is a
drastic change in the living standard of people.

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Statement of the problem:
Though Bhangal community is nearby the capital city Kathmandu, People
still have conservative thoughts which is playing a role to remain Bhangal
community backward. Similarly, poverty, unemployment are major issues of
people of Bhangal community needed to be address. Inspite of having such
issues, modernity and modern education system have brought remarkable
changes in family structure of Bhangal community.

Objectives:

We had done survey on the topic of changing pattern of the family structure
to fulfill the following objectives which are listed below:

1) To know the present status of the Bhangal Community.

2) To know the changing pattern of Bhangal Community from traditional
community to modern community.
3) To know the involvement of female and male member of family in
work.
4) To find out the factor of changes.

Significances of the study:

I had collected information on the topic “Changing pattern of family
structure in Bhangal community”. My survey may be vital for the researcher
who are trying to research on these things. Similarly, upcoming students can
be benefitted from my survey as they can learn to do project work report and
also about the lifestyle of Bhangal people. Survey done by me may be useful
for the government also because I had addressed the problem of Bhangal
people and similar problem is facing by all the Nepalese people. It had
helped a lot in my life too.

Chapter II Literature Review

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In this section efforts has been made to examine and reviews of some related
articles in different books,novels, magazines.

1) MacIver and Page 1950:238 has concluded that “The family is a

group defined by a sex relationship sufficiently precise and enduring
to provide for the procreation and upbringing of children”. According
to him family is a group of people having blood relation andit is
important forgiving plaatform to next gerneration.
2) Murdock “Family is a group characterized by common residence,
economic co-operation and reproduction” has said family is a group of
people living in a same house whereas they share economic earn by
them and a medium for reproduction.
3) Kingsley Davis “Family is a more or less durable association of
husband and wife, with or without children, or of a man or woman
alone”. Family may be temporary or parmanent , it depend on
husband and wife how longer they stay together. we can call family
after the union of husband and wife.
4) Internatinal Encyclopedia “Marriage may be defined as a cultural
approved relationship of one man and one woman, or one woman and
two or more men, or one man and two or more women in which there
is cultural endorsement of sexual intercourse between the martial
partners of opposite sex and generally the expectation children will be
born of relationship”
According to International Encyclopedia to have marriagethere should
be a cultural acceptance from society which differe from rules of
place to place. There may be marriage between two or more than two
people at a time.
There can be sexual intercourse between partners to have children
legally.
5) Wikipedia, Google(2017)“A family is a group of people affiliated
either by consanguinity, affinity, or co-residence or some combination
of these”According to it family is a group of people having same
blood group and living together in same resident.

Chapter III Methodology:

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A project work report was done on the title”Changing pattern of family
structure in Bhangal community” in Bhangal,outskirt of Kathmandu valley.
Total twenty houses were visited to collect information. Different methods
were used to collect information. Interview and questionaires were done to
receive right information from them. Question paper was given to them to
collect the information of individual family members and those who cannot
fill up was helped by us to fill it up. Interview was taken from the
respectful/head and well educated people of that community.

Rational selection of study area:

For the study of the changing pattern of family structure, Bhangal
community was chosen since Bhangal community is full of diiferent caste
people with different ideas and views along with different living standard.
Bhangal is only such a place, in outskirt of kathmandu that is not influence

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by urbanisation. Though it is near kathmandu valley, people live here like in
rural areas and it is just one hour walk from our college. It is not expensive
to go up to there cause we don’t have to use any kind of vehicle to reach
there.

Research Design:
Descriptive research design was applied to collect the information on
entitled” Changing pattern of family structure in Bhangal community”

Universe and sampling

Universe:
Total number of people living in Bhangal community are around fifteen
hundred people along with diversity in culture, language, religion etc. There
are people with around 10-15 caste people living in such community in
Harmony.

Sampling:
To collect the information people were selected randomly and we become
able to collect the information from twenty houses. Through such small
information, I become able to cover almost half caste people.

Data collection tools:

Questionaire and interviews were used as a means of tools for data
collection.

Data Analysis:
Received datas are described briefly by editing.

Chapter IV Data Analysis

Data analysis on the topic “Changing pattern of family structure in Bhangal
Community” was done. From the data analysis, we found that there is slight
change in family structure i.e joint and nuclear. Most of the family’s head is
father and decision made by father is prefer. Similarly, only few family have
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their members in abroad and we found positive change in gender equality. In
the present changing community, more people prefer love marriage than
arrange marriage and they accept intercaste marriage as well. More than half
people are hindu in Bhangal community where as rest are Buddhist and
Christain. Only one-third of Bhangal people have political concept where
rest of people are unware about the changing political situation of Nepal.
More than half family members from total of Bhangal community have good
economic status where less than twenty percent are poor and some have very
good economic status.Some of the collected datas are shown in piechart and
bardiagram below:

Table 1: Types of family

SN Nuclear % Degree Joint % Degree Remark
1 14 70 2520 6 30 1080 Before
2 13 65 2340 7 35 1260 Now

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 Before

joint
30%

Nuclear
70%

Now

35%
joint

65% Nuclear

From the above piechart, we can claim that majority people have nuclear
family than joint family in the past as well as in present.

Table 2: Head of Family

S.N Father % Degree G.father % Degree Mother % Degree
1 16 80 2880 3 15 540 1 5 180

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 350
300
250
200
150
Father
100 Mother
Grand Father
50
0

It is clear from the bar diagram that father is considered as the head of
family by almost two- third people of Bhangal community. comparing to
father, Mother and grandfather is very low.

Table 3: Gender Equality

S.N Yes % Degree No % Degree
1 13 65 2340 7 35 1260

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 Gender Equality

From the above

data, it is clear
No
35% that more than
half family have
Yes
65% gender equality
whereas other
have not due to
some
conservatives thoughts.

Table 4: Marriage
S. Love % Degree Arrange % Degree Court % Degree
N

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1 10 50 1800 7 35 1260 3 15 540

180
160
140
120
Love
100
Arrange
80
Court
60
40
20 Court
0
Arrange
Love

Half of the family members of Bhangal community had love marriage where
as only one-third had arrange marriage. Only few had court marriage.

Chapter V Summary
From the project work report on the titled “Changing pattern of family
structure in Bhangal communty” shows the drastic change in the family
structure as well as in thinking of people.

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Most of the people are working and living independently. The gender
equality have gain more space where male and female are treated almost
equally. From the survey, we found majority people follows Hindu religion
where other are Buddhist and Christain.

In the present context, people prefer more love marriage than arrange
marriage. They can have even intercaste marriage. Similarly people are
seems to have more aware about the political situation of Nepal. It is found
that almost half of the population of Bhangal community depend on
agriculture for living.

Conclusion
Finally we are at the end of the project work report which helped a lot to
collect information about the current situation of Bhangal community. From
the project work report on the titled “Changing pattern of family structure in

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Bhangal communty” shows the drastic change in the family structure as well
as in thinking of people.

Most of the people are working and living independently. The gender
equality have gain more space where male and female are treated almost
equally. From the survey, we found majority people follows Hindu religion
where other are Buddhist and Christain.

In the present context, people prefer more love marriage than arrange
marriage. They can have even inter-caste marriage. Similarly people are
seems to have more aware about the political situation of Nepal. It is found
that almost half of the population of Bhangal community depend on
agriculture for living. Though they depend on agriculture, some of them
have good economic condition. Some people are involved in teaching as
well as in Police and Army.

Feedback:
Though there are many good aspects of this project work report, some of the
things that are needed to be improved are as follow:

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 1) People of Bhangal Community didn’t provide enough information that
we needed due to their busy schedule.
2) Less time was provided to collect the information.
3) Most of the houses are far from each other which made us quite
difficult to collect information.

Section Reference:

- Robert Marison MacIver(1882), Society 3rd edition, Ph.D,University

of Edinburgh

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 - George Peter Murdock(1897), Settlement and Community
Organisation
- Kingsley Davis(1908),Modern Society,Ph.D, Harvard University
- International Encyclopedia
- Wikipedia,Google(2017)

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