FORMS OF COMMUNICATION- A STUDY OF

ORIGIN AND STRUCTURE

NAME- Ayush Singh

TITLE- FORMS OF COMMUNICATION- A STUDY OF
ORIGIN AND STRUCTURE
SUBMITTED TO- Dr. Reena Kapoor
YEAR AND COURSE- 1st year, B.A. English Hns
FORMS OF COMMUNICATION- A STUDY OF
ORIGIN AND STRUCTURE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 Acknowledgment
 Monologue
 Dialogue
 Speech
 Bibilography and references
FORMS OF COMMUNICATION- A STUDY OF
ORIGIN AND STRUCTURE
ACKNOWLEDMENT

The following paper has come together under the guidance

of Dr. Reena Kapoor who guided me though the subject. I
acknowledge that all that is written in the following paper
is to the best of my knowledge a result of my creative
process and is not plagiarised and references have been
duly marked in the Bibliography.
FORMS OF COMMUNICATION- A STUDY OF
ORIGIN AND STRUCTURE

MONOLOGUE

The history of Monologue is as old as Roman theatre. The

roman theatre started with one actor taking to the stage with his
thoughts and chorus.

The monologue is not restricted but represents the narration of

one character's thoughts out loud.

It does, however, usually have a defined body separated into

three parts. The exposition, climax, and conclusion. Monologue
as is justified by its origin tends to be dramatic and thus owes
most of its value to literary devices and the most important stage
of climax.

The representation of a monologue is as strong as its devices

employed.

In Roman theatre with time monologue was used to represent

the passage of time too. The evolution of theatre has left
Monologue with less and less with more subtle ways of
expression taking over but no other employed methods may to
any effect provide the dramatic expertise that monologue does.
FORMS OF COMMUNICATION- A STUDY OF
ORIGIN AND STRUCTURE
As the theatre started changing forms of Monologue became
more distinct.

The Monologue is divided into three kinds -interior, dramatic

and narrative monologues. All serve a different purpose.

Interior Monologue – Used for characters who call for

externalization of thought and putting it forward for the
audience.

Dramatic monologue – is when the same thoughts are in a

dramatic manner spoken to another character to put emphasis.

Narrative monologue - involves a character telling a story and

often identified by the fact that they are in the past tense.

Structure

The monologue is a tool for storytelling and thus has its role to
fulfill. The monologue is a great way to present background on a
character, plot, or share internal thoughts. But Monologue needs
to follow some structure to achieve its goal.

The three sections of Monologue are often defined as mentioned

earlier.
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ORIGIN AND STRUCTURE

There are devices that build Monologues.

Imagery for example is an important part of Monologue

structure that allows it to keep concise and still be detailed as
needed.

Irony gives the character voice and provides depth as the

Monologue exists in the exposition and enters the middle.

Juxtaposition and contrast are important for a more dramatic

Monologue.

Stream of consciousness is also a method in the writers toolkit to

keep Monologue as aligned to the character as possible and keep
it different from just about any form of communication.

Similarly, other important devices like metaphor and simile all

serve a purpose in the storytelling of a monologue.

Finally for a monologue to work one has to be careful about its

reason for existence and understand the point of view of the
character in the position delivering the Monologue. The defining
placement is also to be kept in mind as it may change both the
need and kind of Monologue needed for telling the story.
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ORIGIN AND STRUCTURE

· The dramatic monologue.

It calls our attention to the particular situation and context in

which a given speaker is thinking. It provides skepticism and
context.

It takes the speaker to tackle the challenges of balancing

sympathy and moral judgment. The power of a dramatic
Monologue lies in it’s ability to create a diverse tone or an
aesthetic experience to delve the audience into a new world of
the writer’s creation. So that the two – moral judgment and
sympathy (emotions) can coexist.

A dramatic Monologue has it’s make-or-break point focused on

emotions or how it can be evoked without forsaking didactic
enlightenment. The dramatic Monologue borrows heavily from
rhetorics to be inclusive of the audience and not be didactic as a
whole. But still, present its arguments.

The use of rhetoric is a commonality among the forms of

communication.
FORMS OF COMMUNICATION- A STUDY OF
ORIGIN AND STRUCTURE
DIALOGUE

Dialogue has been traced back to philosophical and didactic

texts, also known as Socratic dialogues by Plato. Though the
origin is still very much unclear it’s need had developed theatre
from one person story to the two-person and conventional three-
person theatre of the times.

Dialogues do seem to derive from monologue but the nature of

the two seems vastly different and thus a lot of things about the
two are such.

The first person to coin the term dialogue is taken to be Plato

and its origin is assumed Greek.

Dialogue has evolved and is not limited to any one place but
spread to every kind of literature, film, and theatre.

There are different elements that make or break a dialogue.

A dialogue needs to be more leaning towards vernacular as it

needs to represent the speech of people. Thus keeping it further
from the monologue.
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ORIGIN AND STRUCTURE
Dialogue is used to set the tone and is thus paced according to
the scene and characters. A mix of different voices can be used
to utilize the dialogue to set the perfect scene. A limitation that
is overcome when compared to Monologue.

A dialogue is however not able to follow the stream of

consciousness due to structural bounds.

Dialogues take up a major portion of literature and as a form of

communication, they have parts that are said and unsaid. It
always represents something to be told though it is not always
limited to face value. Metaphors, similes, and even metaphysical
expositions are not rare in dialogue.
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ORIGIN AND STRUCTURE
SPEECH
Speech has its root origin if traced back to the oldest possible
source, in the rhetorics of 5th century Greece. The speech serves
a similar purpose which is to make the argument and persuade.
Or to communicate.

Speeches are the most rigid amongst all the forms of

communication, it would appear as such for they do not take any
sway in the material from arbitrary variables like emotions and
opinions.

But sometimes speeches do show the effects of the audience and

speaker’s preconceived notion in respect to the power that both
of them hold over each other. And thus the notions tend to alter
the presentation, however much may the speech be based on
facts.

This effects strongly the structure of speeches, which are usually

using two forms- formal and persuasive. The choice of the two
is never in speech random as long as it is a well-made speech.

The power structure is majorly definitive of what shall be used

while addressing the audience, it takes into account the level of
understanding of both sides- on a super-rational level( What the
sides think of each other’s level of thought ), to plan a strategy
and understand the nature of the relationship between the
addressor and the addressee.
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ORIGIN AND STRUCTURE

In general, speech ( political, formal, or public) is only a sub-

section of communication, of the general human speech and it
derives from it. Thus the way language and linguistics work is
helpful in understanding the structure of a speech.

Speech is developed in humans in a way that is quite

unconventional- when understood scientifically. A relation
between phonetics and grammar is established by research.

· Like the common words across languages that have the same
pitch and sound as well as the same meaning ( ma for example is
similar across countries). Also, a large percentage of what a
person wills to speak is this exhibited by the way of emphasis
and tone.

Thus we can see the association between certain sounds and

pitches and the way a person perceives or reacts to them. This
establishes the basis for the structure of a speech, where the
formal can be used or where persuasive form takes over, or what
kind of words can be used. It also presents the value of pacing
and pauses in a speech. Thus not only is the language and tone
but the use of words itself is very selective.
FORMS OF COMMUNICATION- A STUDY OF
ORIGIN AND STRUCTURE
A method used by rhetorics to establish their points, a
commonality across the forms of communication already
established.
FORMS OF COMMUNICATION- A STUDY OF
ORIGIN AND STRUCTURE
Bibilography and references
 Howard, Claud. “The Dramatic Monologue: Its Origin and Development.” Studies in
Philology, vol. 4, 1910, pp. 31–88. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/4171651.
 Marshall t. poe, history of communication, university of iowa, December 2022
 Wren and martin, high school English grammar and composition, s. chand publications, 2018
 Dance, F. E. X. and Carl E. Larson, The Functions of Human Communication: A
Theoretical Approach (New York, NY: Holt, Reinhart, and Winston, 1976), 23
 Keith, W., “On the Origins of Speech as a Discipline: James A. Winans and Public
Speaking as Practical Democracy,” Rhetoric Society Quarterly 38, no. 3 (2008): 239–58.
 Cunnington, Susan. “DIALOGUE AS A LITERARY FORM.” Blackfriars, vol. 3, no. 33,
1922, pp. 534–42. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/43813447. Accessed 15 Jun. 2022.