Nanotechnology and nanoscience discoveries in practically every aspect of science

make living simpler in our era. Structures, devices, and systems having unique
characteristics and functionalities due to the arrangement of their atoms on the 1–100
nm scale represent a developing study topic in nanoscience and nanotechnology. In
the early 2000s, public awareness and controversy over nanotechnology grew, leading
to the first commercial uses of the technology. Nanotechnologies have applications in
physics, materials science, chemistry, biology, computer science, and engineering.
Nanotechnologies have been applied to human health in recent years with promising
results, particularly in the field of cancer therapy.

The word 'nano' is a Greek prefix that means 'dwarf' or'very little,' and it represents a
thousand millionth of a meter (10.9). Nanoscience and nanotechnology must be
distinguished. Nanoscience is the study of structures and chemicals on nanometer
sizes ranging from 1 to 100 nm, whereas nanotechnology is the technology that
applies nanoscience to practical applications such as gadgets. A single human hair is
60,000 nm thick, but the radius of the DNA double helix is 1 nm. The origins of
nanoscience may be traced back to Democritus and the Greeks in the 5th century B.C.
when scientists debated whether matter is continuous and hence infinitely divisible
into smaller bits, or if it is made up of minuscule, indivisible, and indestructible
particles known as atoms.

Nanotechnology is one of the most promising 21st-century technologies. It is the

capacity to see, measure, manipulate, assemble, control, and manufacture materials at
the nanoscale scale in order to put nanoscience theory into practice. Nanotechnology
is defined as "a science, engineering, and technology conducted at the nanoscale (1 to
100 nm), where unique phenomena enable novel applications in a wide range of
fields, from chemistry, physics, and biology to medicine, engineering, and
electronics" by the National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI) in the United States.
This definition implies that nanotechnology exists under two circumstances. The first
is a scale issue: nanotechnology is concerned with managing the shape and size of
objects at the nanoscale scale. The second difficulty is one of novelty:
nanotechnology must deal with small objects in a way that takes use of the
nanoscale's features.There is a difference between nanoscience and nanotechnology.
Nanoscience and nanotechnology are the capacity to view, measure, manipulate,
assemble, control, and fabricate matter at the nanoscale scale. There are some studies
that offer a history of nanoscience and technology, but none that outline nanoscience
and technology from the beginning to that age with progressive occurrences. As a
result, it is important to review key events in nanoscience and technology in order to
fully comprehend their evolution in this sector.

There is a difference between nanoscience and nanotechnology. Nanoscience and

nanotechnology are the capacity to view, measure, manipulate, assemble, control, and
fabricate matter at the nanoscale scale. There are some studies that offer a history of
nanoscience and technology, but none that outline nanoscience and technology from
the beginning to that age with progressive occurrences. As a result, it is important to
review key events in nanoscience and technology in order to fully comprehend their
evolution in this sector. The majority of the time, damage at the molecular and
cellular level causes disease and sickness. Modern therapies for such disorders
advocate the use of massive, crude (compared to the cellular level) surgical
instruments that hurt and tear rather than heal at the molecular level. Modern surgery
is therefore only beneficial because of the human potential to heal from injuries, not
necessarily because of the superior procedures utilized. Surgery conducted using
crude instruments will no longer be a feasible choice with the application of
nanotechnology. Nanotechnology will enable scientists to manufacture intricate
molecular machines that are smaller than a human cell at a low cost, paving the path
for controlled molecular interference, unclogging arteries, destroying cancer cells, and
creating artificial mitochondrion. Nanotechnology may enable scientists to analyze
the human body and its operations in unprecedented depth, with microscopic devices
providing views of ongoing biological functions or human structures.