Lifeform catalogNumber collectionID eventDate recordedBy scientificName family

Explanation Use a unique record UQCMLR. This is Collection date. The name of the Scientific name of the The full
identifier from the source registered with Preferred to observer, organism. Inserting the scientific
data. This will be used Biodiversity use Australian collector, correct 'scientificName' name of
for use on barcode. Use Collections Index. standard of photographer etc, should enable the family
barcode with sequential See: DD/MM/YYYY can be a group or automatic population of in which
numbers comprised of http://www.biodivers recommended organisation name the fields mentioned the taxon
six-digit number 000001 itycollectionsindex.o in Style Manual if individuals do above and below to is
URL http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#catalogNumber
– 999999. Eg. rg/collection/view/id/ http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#eventDate
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#collectionID
for Authors http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#recordedBy
not want their maintain a controlled http://
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#scienti
classified.
UQCMLR000001 35307 Editors and name shared vocabulary and rs.tdwg.
Printers (6th nomenclature.
Ed.), Preferable to fill out org/
nameAccordingToID to dwc/
show nomenclature terms/
source. index.ht
m#famil
y
Priority Required Required Required Required Required Required
Data format Text Text Date Text Text Text
(DD/MM/YY
YY)
Example UQCMLR000001 UQCMLR 260 BC Theophrastus Ficus benghalensis
decimalLatitude decimalLongitude geodeticDatum coordinatePrecision locality
The geographic latitude in The geographic longitude The datum of the The precision of the decimal The specific description
decimal degrees (DD) of in decimal degrees (DD) of coordinates. Examples: coordinates as decimal value of the place.
the geographic centre of the geographic centre of a "WGS84" "GDA94". If the less than 1 e.g. 0.001 for
a location (eg. - location (eg. 153.0145). geodetic datum unknown coordinates accurate to three
27.5005).Positive values Use the spatial reference then additional 200m plus decimal places. N.B. be
are north of the Equator, system given in spatial error may apply. careful with coordinates
negative values are south geodeticDatum (eg converted from D:M:S they can
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#decimalLatitude
of it. Legal values lie GDA94, WGS84). Positive http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#geodeticDatum
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#decimalLongitude
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#coordinatePrecision
have a lot of decimal places http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm
between -90 and 90, values are east of the that are not warranted by the
inclusive. If you only have Greenwich Meridian, original coordinates.
UTM coordinates (eg. negative values are west of Examples: "0.0001" (normal
easting and northing), it. Legal values lie between handheld GPS limit for decimal
please convert to DD. -180 and 180, inclusive. If degrees), "0.001" (= 111m;
See tab in this you only have UTM good map reading or estimate
spreadsheet 'Coordinate coordinates (eg. easting from Google Earth aerial
conversion'. and northing), please photo), "0.01" (= 1.1km; coarse
convert to DD. See tab in map reading or coarse
Required Required
this workbook 'Coordinate
Required Required
estimate from Google Earth
Required
Numeric (typically to 4 Numeric (typically to 4 Text - drop down list Text
conversion'. - dropSee
aerial photo). down listthis Text
tab in
decimal places - see decimal places - see workbook 'Coordinate
'coordinatePrecision'; 'coordinatePrecision'; conversion'.
negative numbers negative numbers
permitted) -33.104 prohibited) 150.0349 WGS84 0.0001 Mount Airly, Caperte
minimumElevationInMeters stateProvince country higherGeographyID basisOfRecord
The lower limit of the range of elevation The name of the next The name of the An identifier for the geographic The specific nature of
(altitude, usually above sea level), in smaller administrative country or major region within which the the data record
meters. region than country administrative Location occurred. Use
(state, province, unit in which the Australian bioregions (IBRA
canton, department, Location occurs. V.7) - see go 'Bioregion' tab on
region, etc.) in which this spreadsheet where you
the Location occurs. can search your area.
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#minimumElevationInMeters
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#stateProvince
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#country
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#higherGeographyID
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.ht

Required Required Required Required Required

Numeric Text - drop down Text Text Text - drop down
list list

967 New South Wales Australia South Eastern Highlands specimen

CMLRstudyArea nameAccordingToID recordNumber habitat
Site name (eg North An identifier for the source in which An identifier given to the A category or description of the
Stradbroke Island) the specific taxon concept Occurrence at the time it habitat in which the Event occurred.
circumscription is defined or was recorded. Often
implied. serves as a link between
field notes and an
Occurrence record, such
as a specimen collector's
Not defined in http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#nameAccordingToID
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#recordNumber
number. Use first two http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#habitat
Darwin Core - initials then create or use
a collector code (eg.
additional from Joseph Stalin = JStalin
CMLR JS00001). If there wasn't
one, leave blank.

Required Required Desirable Desirable

Text - drop down Text - drop down list Text Text
list

Airly Coal Mine Atlas of NSW Wildlife - Cen T00789 Treeless sandstone heath. Domi
CMLR site code
Link to site code from where a plant
collection came from (eg. MP007 - a
site on the Newnes Plateau). This
will need to be made unique to the
site against other sites if it will be
used as primary or foreign key.
Not defined in Darwin Core -
additional from CMLR
establishmentMeans RevegetationStatus ConservationStatus
The process by which the Planted site-indigenous species,
Rare or threatened species in one
biological individual(s) planted non-indigenous Australian
or more States or in Australia.
represented in the Occurrence native, planted exotic species. Only
Such a list would need to be
became established at the fill out if there is clear evidence the
prepared from a number of
location. specimen has been planted.
sources (eg. ROTAP list, EPBC
Act, TSC Act, IUCN Red List,
CITES). This could be a link to
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#establishmentMeans
Not defined in Darwin Core Not defined
relevent in or
websites Darwin Core
to the list
- additional from CMLR Caitlin and Eddie
- additional have
from prepared.
CMLR
NOT YET RESOLVED

Desirable Optional Optional Optional

Text Text - drop down list Text - drop down list Text

n/a native ROTAP: 2R

Lifeform
Tree, shrub, herb,
graminoid, scrambler, fern,
bryophyte, lichen - this
would require CMLR to
populate this list.
Not defined in Darwin
Core - additional from
CMLR
Optional
Text - drop down list
occurenceStatus formation taxonRank identificationQualifier
A statement about theGeology - The full name of the Level to which How certain the identification is. A
presence, absence andlithostratigraphic formation from the organisms brief phrase or a standard term
abundance of a Taxon which the cataloged item was are identified ("cf.", "aff.") to express the
at a Location. collected. For example e.g. species, determiner's doubts about the
"Narrabeen formation". The term genus, family Identification.
"formation" is often used
informally to refer to a specific
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#occurrenceStatus
grouping of rocks, such as those http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#taxonrank
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#formation http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#iden
encountered within a certain
depth range in an oil well. It
might also be used to state
"mine tailings", "minerals waste"
for CMLR use.
Optional Optional Optional Optional
Text Text Text Text
rare Narrabeen sandstone species
identificationReferences
Any reference materials used e.g.
guide books or identification keys
identifiedBy individualCount modified
Who identified the number of individuals in Date modified - the date the record was last
species the occurrence updated. Preferred to use Australian
standard of DD/MM/YYYY recommended in
Style Manual for Authors Editors and
Printers (6th Ed.),

http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#identificationreferences
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#identifiedby
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#individualCount
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#dcterms:modified

Optional Optional Optional Optional

Text Text Text Date (DD/MM/YYYY)
fieldNumber occurrenceRemarks
An identifier given to the event in the field. Often serves as a link any comments
between field notes and the Event.

http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#fieldNumber http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#occurrenceRemarks

Optional Optional
Text Text
locationExtent samplingProtocol
If the location is not a point (e.g. a 10m square), the size of the area as a radius in metres. The horizontal A short description of the
distance (in meters) from the given decimalLatitude and decimalLongitude describing the smallest circle survey method or a link
containing the whole of the actual location or sampling sites. It does NOT include other error distance (URL) to a detailed
assoctaied with coordinatePrecision and datum. The extent of the actual location. Not yet defined in description
Darwin Core although referred to in georeferencing tools.

Not yet defined in Darwin Core http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#oc

Optional Optional
Numeric Text or hyperlink
coordinateUncertaintyInMeters
The radius of a circle providing the
uncertainty of the coordinates (includes all
potential error introduced by datum shift,
extent and precision of coordinates). Leave
blank if unknown.
georeferenceProtocol georeferencedBy
A description or reference to the methods used Who captured the
to determine the spatial footprint, coordinates, coordinates (either at the
and uncertainties. E.g. GPS set to WGS1984 time of the observation or
used. Useful for estimate coordinateprecision in later from a description)
not explicitly records

http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/ http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#georeferenceprotocol
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#georeferen
index.htm#coordinateuncertaintyin
meters

Optional Optional Optional

Text Text - drop down list Text

GPS (WGS84)
georeferenceSources georeferenceVerificationStatus
Maps or gazetteers used Has the georeference been verified
(particularly for georeferencing of location
descriptions). Examples: "requires
verification", "verified by collector", "verified by
curator".
associatedMedia
Indicate a URL for an assoicated
photo, movie or sound recording or,
if they are in an attached zip of
media files indicate the specific file
name

http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#georeferenceSources
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#georeferenceVerificationStatus
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#associatedMedia

Optional Optional Optional

Text Text - drop down list Text or hyperlink

photo
dataGeneralizations SpecimenPhoto
Actions taken to make the shared data less specific or complete than in Link to folder containing one or more
its original form (eg. used for an endangered orchid). Suggests that plant photos. This might be from images
alternative data of higher quality may be available on request.Essential generated from the field or microscope.
to know if data have been intentionally generalised. Should feed into Over time, more files can be added to
maximum uncertainty distance. the folder

http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#dataGeneralizations
Not defined in Darwin Core -
additional from CMLR

Optional Optional
Text Text or hyperlink
Duplicates MetalEnrichedSubstrate MetalTolerance HyperaccumulatorStatus
No, Yes: which herbarium? No - Yes: Zn, As, Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, unknown - known: Zn, No - Yes: Zn, As, Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni,
Ni, Co As, Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni, Co
Co

Not defined in Darwin Not defined in Darwin Core Not defined in Not defined in Darwin Core -
Core - additional from - additional from CMLR Darwin Core - additional from CMLR
CMLR additional from
CMLR

Optional Optional Optional Optional

Text Text - drop down list Text - drop down Text - drop down list
list
Analytical results (for hyperaccumulating plants) References (for hyperaccumulating plants)
link spreadsheet or PDF of chemical analysis results of plant material include references about the plant (e.g. hyperaccumulations,
of this species' germination experiments, etc.)

Not defined in Darwin Core - additional from CMLR Not defined in Darwin Core - additional from
CMLR

Optional Optional
Text or hyperlink Text
verbatimCoordinatePrecision
The coordinate precision if it was not initially
represented as a decimal value less than 1. e.g.
1 minute, 3 seconds, 500m. The terms beginning
with verbatim are meant to capture the original
record 'word for word'.
Not defined in Darwin Core - taken
from ALA-occurrence-data-template-
high-quality
Conditional
Numeric
verbatimCoordinates
Original representation of the coordinates if not split into latitude and longitude (e.g. grid
reference). The verbatim original spatial coordinates of the Location. The coordinate
ellipsoid, geodeticDatum, or full Spatial Reference System (SRS) for these coordinates
should be stored in verbatimSRS and the coordinate system should be stored in
verbatimCoordinateSystem.
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#verbatimCoordinates
Conditional
Numeric
verbatimCoordinateSystem verbatimCoordinateUncertainty
How the verbatim coordinates or latitude The coordinate uncertainty if not initially
and longitude are recorded - e.g. represented as an integer value in meters e.g.
decimal degrees, degrees minutes 1-10m, greater than 10km
seconds, UTM

http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#verbatimCoordinateSystem
Not defined in Darwin Core - taken
from ALA-occurrence-data-template-
high-quality

Conditional Conditional
Text Text
verbatimLatitude
The original representation of the latitude (e.g. Degrees, Minutes). The verbatim
original latitude of the Location. The coordinate ellipsoid, geodeticDatum, or full Spatial
Reference System (SRS) for these coordinates should be stored in verbatimSRS and
the coordinate system should be stored in verbatimCoordinateSystem.Useful to know
when coordinates are in doubt.

http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#verbatimLatitude

Conditional
Numeric
verbatimLongitude verbatimElevation verbatimLocality
The original representation of the longitude (e.g. Degrees, Minutes). The verbatim The original description of The original textual
original longitude of the Location. The coordinate ellipsoid, geodeticDatum, or full the elevation (altitude, description of the place.
Spatial Reference System (SRS) for these coordinates should be stored in usually above sea level) of Useful to know when
verbatimSRS and the coordinate system should be stored in the Location. coordinates are in doubt
verbatimCoordinateSystem. Useful to know when coordinates are in doubt.

http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#verbatimLongitude http://rs.tdwg.org/ http://rs.tdwg.org/

dwc/terms/ dwc/terms/
index.htm#verbatimE index.htm#verbatim
levation Locality

Conditional Conditional Conditional

Numeric Numeric Text
verbatimSRS vernacularName
The ellipsoid, geodetic datum, or spatial Common name for the
reference system (SRS) upon which organism, not required if
coordinates given in verbatimLatitude and you have a scientific
verbatimLongitude, or verbatimCoordinates name
are based

http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#verbatimSRS
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#vernacularName

Conditional Conditional
Text Text
Lifeform Explanation URL Priority
catalogNumber Use a unique record identifier from the source data. http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#catalogNumber
Required
This will be used for use on barcode. Use barcode
with sequential numbers comprised of six-digit number
000001 – 999999. Eg. UQCMLR000001

collectionID UQCMLR. This is registered with Biodiversity http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#collectionID

Required
Collections Index. See:
http://www.biodiversitycollectionsindex.org/collection/v
iew/id/35307

eventDate Collection date. Preferred to use Australian standard http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#eventDate

Required
of DD/MM/YYYY recommended in Style Manual for
Authors Editors and Printers (6th Ed.),

recordedBy The name of the observer, collector, photographer etc, http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#recordedBy

Required
can be a group or organisation name if individuals do
not want their name shared

scientificName Scientific name of the organism. Inserting the correct http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#scientificName

Required
'scientificName' should enable automatic population of
the fields mentioned above and below to maintain a
controlled vocabulary and nomenclature. Preferable to
fill out nameAccordingToID to show nomenclature
source.

family The full scientific name of the family in which the taxon http:// Required
is classified.
rs.tdwg.org/
dwc/terms/
decimalLatitude The geographic latitude in decimal degrees (DD) of index.htm#famil
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#decimalLatitude
Required
the geographic centre of a location (eg. -
27.5005).Positive values are north of the Equator,
negative values are south of it. Legal values lie
between -90 and 90, inclusive. If you only have UTM
coordinates (eg. easting and northing), please convert
to DD. See tab in this spreadsheet 'Coordinate
conversion'.

decimalLongitude The geographic longitude in decimal degrees (DD) of http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#decimalLongitud

Required
the geographic centre of a location (eg. 153.0145).
Use the spatial reference system given in
geodeticDatum (eg GDA94, WGS84). Positive values
are east of the Greenwich Meridian, negative values
are west of it. Legal values lie between -180 and 180,
inclusive. If you only have UTM coordinates (eg.
easting and northing), please convert to DD. See tab
in this workbook 'Coordinate conversion'.

geodeticDatum The datum of the coordinates. Examples: "WGS84" http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#geodeticDatum

Required
"GDA94". If the geodetic datum unknown then
additional 200m plus spatial error may apply.
coordinatePrecision The precision of the decimal coordinates as decimal http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#coordinatePreci
Required
value less than 1 e.g. 0.001 for coordinates accurate
to three decimal places. N.B. be careful with
coordinates converted from D:M:S they can have a lot
of decimal places that are not warranted by the
original coordinates. Examples: "0.0001" (normal
handheld GPS limit for decimal degrees), "0.001" (=
111m; good map reading or estimate from Google
Earth aerial photo), "0.01" (= 1.1km; coarse map
reading or coarse estimate from Google Earth aerial
photo). See tab in this workbook 'Coordinate
conversion'.

locality The specific description of the place. http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#locality

Required

minimumElevationInMe
The lower limit of the range of elevation (altitude, http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#minimumElevati
Required
usually above sea level), in meters.
stateProvince The name of the next smaller administrative region http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#stateProvince
Required
than country (state, province, canton, department,
region, etc.) in which the Location occurs.

country The name of the country or major administrative unit in http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#country

Required
which the Location occurs.
higherGeographyID An identifier for the geographic region within which the http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#higherGeograph
Required
Location occurred. Use Australian bioregions (IBRA
V.7) - see go 'Bioregion' tab on this spreadsheet
where you can search your area.

basisOfRecord The specific nature of the data record http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#basisOfRecord

Required

CMLRstudyArea Site name (eg North Stradbroke Island) Not defined in Required
Darwin Core -
additional from
CMLR
nameAccordingToID An identifier for the source in which the specific taxon http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#nameAccording
Required
concept circumscription is defined or implied.

recordNumber An identifier given to the Occurrence at the time it was http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#recordNumber

Desirable
recorded. Often serves as a link between field notes
and an Occurrence record, such as a specimen
collector's number. Use first two initials then create or
use a collector code (eg. Joseph Stalin = JStalin
JS00001). If there wasn't one, leave blank.

habitat A category or description of the habitat in which the http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#habitat

Desirable
Event occurred.
CMLR site code Link to site code from where a plant collection came Not defined in Desirable
from (eg. MP007 - a site on the Newnes Plateau). This
will need to be made unique to the site against other
Darwin Core -
sites if it will be used as primary or foreign key. additional from
CMLR

establishmentMeans The process by which the biological individual(s) http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#establishmentM

Optional
represented in the Occurrence became established at
the location.

RevegetationStatus Planted site-indigenous species, planted non- Not defined in Optional

indigenous Australian native, planted exotic species.
Only fill out if there is clear evidence the specimen has
Darwin Core -
been planted. additional from
CMLR
ConservationStatus Rare or threatened species in one or more States or in Not defined in Optional
Australia. Such a list would need to be prepared from
a number of sources (eg. ROTAP list, EPBC Act, TSC
Darwin Core -
Act, IUCN Red List, CITES). This could be a link to additional from
relevent websites or to the list Caitlin and Eddie have CMLR
prepared. NOT YET RESOLVED

Lifeform Tree, shrub, herb, graminoid, scrambler, fern, Not defined in Optional
bryophyte, lichen - this would require CMLR to
populate this list.
Darwin Core -
additional from
CMLR
occurenceStatus A statement about the presence, absence and http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#occurrenceStatu
Optional
abundance of a Taxon at a Location.

formation Geology - The full name of the lithostratigraphic http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#formation

Optional
formation from which the cataloged item was
collected. For example "Narrabeen formation". The
term "formation" is often used informally to refer to a
specific grouping of rocks, such as those encountered
within a certain depth range in an oil well. It might also
be used to state "mine tailings", "minerals waste" for
CMLR use.

taxonRank Level to which the organisms are identified e.g. http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#taxonrank

Optional
species, genus, family

identificationQualifier How certain the identification is. A brief phrase or a http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#identificationqua

Optional
standard term ("cf.", "aff.") to express the determiner's
doubts about the Identification.

identificationReferen Any reference materials used e.g. guide books or http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#identificationrefe

Optional
identification keys
ces

identifiedBy Who identified the species http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#identifiedby

Optional

individualCount number of individuals in the occurrence http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#individualCount

Optional
modified Date modified - the date the record was last updated. http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#dcterms:modifie
Optional
Preferred to use Australian standard of DD/MM/YYYY
recommended in Style Manual for Authors Editors and
Printers (6th Ed.),

fieldNumber An identifier given to the event in the field. Often http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#fieldNumber

Optional
serves as a link between field notes and the Event.

occurrenceRemarks any comments http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#occurrenceRem

Optional

locationExtent If the location is not a point (e.g. a 10m square), the Not yet defined Optional
size of the area as a radius in metres. The horizontal
distance (in meters) from the given decimalLatitude
in Darwin Core
and decimalLongitude describing the smallest circle
containing the whole of the actual location or sampling
sites. It does NOT include other error distance
assoctaied with coordinatePrecision and datum. The
extent of the actual location. Not yet defined in Darwin
Core although referred to in georeferencing tools.

samplingProtocol A short description of the survey method or a link http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#occurrenceStatu

Optional
(URL) to a detailed description

coordinateUncertaintyThe radius of a circle providing the uncertainty of the http:// Optional

coordinates (includes all potential error introduced by
datum shift, extent and precision of coordinates).
rs.tdwg.org/
Leave blank if unknown. dwc/terms/
index.htm#coor
dinateuncertaint
yinmeters
georeferenceProtoco A description or reference to the methods used to http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#georeferencepro
Optional
determine the spatial footprint, coordinates, and
l uncertainties. E.g. GPS set to WGS1984 used. Useful
for estimate coordinateprecision in not explicitly
records

georeferencedBy Who captured the coordinates (either at the time of the http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#georeferencedb
Optional
observation or later from a description)

georeferenceSources Maps or gazetteers used http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#georeferenceSo

Optional

georeferenceVerificat Has the georeference been verified (particularly for http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#georeferenceVe

Optional
georeferencing of location descriptions). Examples:
ionStatus "requires verification", "verified by collector", "verified
by curator".

associatedMedia Indicate a URL for an assoicated photo, movie or http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#associatedMedi

Optional
sound recording or, if they are in an attached zip of
media files indicate the specific file name

dataGeneralizations Actions taken to make the shared data less specific or http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#dataGeneralizat
Optional
complete than in its original form (eg. used for an
endangered orchid). Suggests that alternative data of
higher quality may be available on request.Essential to
know if data have been intentionally generalised.
Should feed into maximum uncertainty distance.
SpecimenPhoto Link to folder containing one or more plant photos. Not defined in Optional
This might be from images generated from the field or
microscope. Over time, more files can be added to the
Darwin Core -
folder additional from
CMLR
Duplicates No, Yes: which herbarium? Not defined in Optional
Darwin Core -
additional from
CMLR
MetalEnrichedSubstr No - Yes: Zn, As, Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni, Co Not defined in Optional
ate Darwin Core -
additional from
CMLR
MetalTolerance unknown - known: Zn, As, Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni, Co Not defined in Optional
Darwin Core -
additional from
CMLR
HyperaccumulatorSt No - Yes: Zn, As, Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni, Co Not defined in Optional
atus Darwin Core -
additional from
CMLR
Analytical results (for link spreadsheet or PDF of chemical analysis results Not defined in Optional
of plant material of this species'
hyperaccumulating Darwin Core -
plants) additional from
CMLR
References (for include references about the plant (e.g. Not defined in Optional
hyperaccumulations, germination experiments, etc.)
hyperaccumulating Darwin Core -
plants) additional from
CMLR
verbatimCoordinateP The coordinate precision if it was not initially Not defined in Conditional
represented as a decimal value less than 1. e.g. 1
recision minute, 3 seconds, 500m. The terms beginning with
Darwin Core -
verbatim are meant to capture the original record taken from ALA-
'word for word'. occurrence-
data-template-
high-quality

verbatimCoordinates Original representation of the coordinates if not split http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#verbatimCoordin

Conditional
into latitude and longitude (e.g. grid reference). The
verbatim original spatial coordinates of the Location.
The coordinate ellipsoid, geodeticDatum, or full Spatial
Reference System (SRS) for these coordinates should
be stored in verbatimSRS and the coordinate system
should be stored in verbatimCoordinateSystem.

verbatimCoordinateS How the verbatim coordinates or latitude and longitude http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#verbatimCoordin

Conditional
are recorded - e.g. decimal degrees, degrees minutes
ystem seconds, UTM

verbatimCoordinateU The coordinate uncertainty if not initially represented Not defined in Conditional
as an integer value in meters e.g. 1-10m, greater than
ncertainty 10km
Darwin Core -
taken from ALA-
occurrence-
data-template-
high-quality
verbatimLatitude The original representation of the latitude (e.g. http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#verbatimLatitude
Conditional
Degrees, Minutes). The verbatim original latitude of
the Location. The coordinate ellipsoid, geodeticDatum,
or full Spatial Reference System (SRS) for these
coordinates should be stored in verbatimSRS and the
coordinate system should be stored in
verbatimCoordinateSystem.Useful to know when
coordinates are in doubt.

verbatimLongitude The original representation of the longitude (e.g. http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#verbatimLongitu

Conditional
Degrees, Minutes). The verbatim original longitude of
the Location. The coordinate ellipsoid, geodeticDatum,
or full Spatial Reference System (SRS) for these
coordinates should be stored in verbatimSRS and the
coordinate system should be stored in
verbatimCoordinateSystem. Useful to know when
coordinates are in doubt.

verbatimElevation The original description of the elevation (altitude, http:// Conditional

usually above sea level) of the Location.
rs.tdwg.org/
dwc/terms/
index.htm#verb
atimElevation
verbatimLocality The original textual description of the place. Useful to http:// Conditional
know when coordinates are in doubt
rs.tdwg.org/
dwc/terms/
index.htm#verb
atimLocality
verbatimSRS The ellipsoid, geodetic datum, or spatial reference http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#verbatimSRS
Conditional
system (SRS) upon which coordinates given in
verbatimLatitude and verbatimLongitude, or
verbatimCoordinates are based

vernacularName Common name for the organism, not required if you http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm#vernacularName
Conditional
have a scientific name
Data format Example
Text UQCMLR000001

Text UQCMLR

Date (DD/MM/YYYY) 260 BC

Text Theophrastus

Text Ficus benghalensis

Text

Numeric (typically to 4 -33.1040

decimal places - see
'coordinatePrecision';
negative numbers
permitted)

Numeric (typically to 4 150.0349

decimal places - see
'coordinatePrecision';
negative numbers
prohibited)

Text - drop down list WGS84

Text - drop down list 0.0001

Text Mount Airly, Capertee. Approximately

1.8km north of Glen Davis Road.

Numeric 967

Text - drop down list New South Wales

Text Australia

Text South Eastern Highlands Bioregion

Text - drop down list specimen

Text - drop down list Airly Coal Mine

Text - drop down list Atlas of NSW Wildlife - Census of

Australian Plant Species Taxa -
CAPS_updated_9_Sept_2010.

Text T00789

Text Treeless sandstone heath. Dominant

species include Leptospermm
arachnoides, Lepidosperma laterale,
Allocasuarina littoralis, Leucopogon
microphyllus, Leucopogon muticus.
Sandstone rock exposed close to or at
surface with thick layer of lichens (eg.
Cladia retipora) and moss Campylopus
spp.
Text n/a

Text - drop down list native

Text - drop down list

Text ROTAP: 2R

Text - drop down list

Text rare

Text Narrabeen sandstone

Text species

Text

Text

Text

Text
Date (DD/MM/YYYY)

Text

Text

Numeric

Text or hyperlink

Text

Text - drop down list GPS (WGS84)

Text

Text

Text - drop down list

Text or hyperlink photo

Text
Text or hyperlink

Text

Text - drop down list

Text - drop down list

Text - drop down list

Text or hyperlink

Text

Numeric

Numeric

Text

Text
Numeric

Numeric

Numeric

Text

Text

Text
Priority use for use by CMLR Explanation

1 Required
2 Desirable
3 Optional
4 Conditional

Lifeform list Explanation

A woody plant usually with a single distinct trunk
Tree and generally more than 5 m high.
A much branched woody plant less than 8 m high
and usually with many stems. Tall shrubs are
mostly 2-8 m high; small shrubs 1-2 m high;
Shrub subshrubs less than 1 m high.
Grasses (family Poaceae) and
grasslike plants such
as sedges (family Cyperaceae) and
Graminoid rushes (family Juncaceae)
A non-woody plant other than a grass, sedge, rush,
Herb etc.
Woody or non-woody plants that rely on other
Scrambler or climber plants (dead or alive) or other structures
Bryophytes mosses, liverworts and hornworts
Lichen lichen
Fern and fern allies Non-flowering vascular plants
Developed by CMLR and DSE 2004:58
http://www.dse.vic.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0011/99227/VQAM_V1_3___Appendix_1-6.pdf

EstablishmentMeans
Identifier English Term Alternative Terms

native Native indigenous; reintroduced

introduced Introduced exotic

naturalised Naturalised

invasive Invasive
managed Managed cultivated
uncertain Uncertain unknown
Reference: https://spreadsheets.google.com/spreadsheet/pub?key=0Atnkg51vTagRdFZzLVVXTVhua0Q
This could also be an official list of the status of origin of plants generated by herbaria (eg native species, naturalised species, d
species, formally naturalised species, as specified by Census of the Queensland Flora 2010). (should be an automatic link from
'scientificName', depending on where the list is generated from).

occurenceStatus
dentifier English Term Alternative Terms

present Present endemic; native; extant

C; frequent;
common Common fairlyCommon

R; U; uncommon; CAS;
rare Rare casual

IRR; ephemeral; episodic;

irregular Irregular vagrant

possibly extant; probably

extant; possibly extinct;
doubtful Doubtful presence uncertain

absent Absent A; extinct; extirpated

reported in error;
excluded Excluded misidentification
Reference: https://spreadsheets.google.com/spreadsheet/pub?key=0Atnkg51vTagRdFZzLVVXTVhua0Q

References used to build the Combined Darwin Core, CMLR and ALA spreadsh

DarwinCore Archive Species-Occurrence Data Template

http://tools.gbif.org/spreadsheet-processor/
ALA-occurrence-data-template-high-quality
http://www.google.com.au/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&sqi=2&ved=0CE4QFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww

Darwin Core Terms: A quick reference guide

http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/index.htm

DarwinCore Vocabularies
https://spreadsheets.google.com/spreadsheet/pub?key=0Atnkg51vTagRdFZzLVVXTVhua0Qzc2x3SUU4VDMzNnc&gid=0

Spatial Precision – What’s this all about?

http://www.ala.org.au/blogs-news/data/spatial-precision-whats-this-all-about/

CMLR additional terms

CMLR Herbarium Committee
Definition
The organism either evolved in this
region or arrived by non-
anthropogenic means
The organism arrived in the region via
an anthropogenic mechanism or
mechanisms
Subclass of introduced: The organism
reproduces naturally and forms part
of the local ecology

Subclass of introduced: The organism

is having a deleterious impact on
another organism, multiple organisms
or the ecosystem as a whole
 Subclass of introduced: The organism
maintains its presence through
intentional cultivation or husbandry
Origin of organism is uncertain
vTagRdFZzLVVXTVhua0Qzc2x3SUU4VDMzNnc&gid=0
cies, naturalised species, doubtfully naturalised
d be an automatic link from another field such as

Definition
There is at least one well
documented record of the taxons
presence in the area
Subclass of present: Species
observed frequently in most proper
habitat.
Subclass of present: Species occurs
regularly, but in small numbers.
Requires careful searching of proper
habitat.
Subclass of present: May be common
in certain years and entirely absent
other years.

The taxon is scored as being present

in the area but there is some doubt
over the evidence. The doubt may be
of different kinds including taxonomic
or geographic imprecision in the
records
There is evidence to document the
absence of a taxon in the area. An
extinct organism is absent while its
establishmentMeans is native

Subclass of absent: The organism is

reported insome (gray) literature for a
certain region, but is is erroneous.
Reason for exclusion could be a
misidentification, an old report, a
simple publishing mistake or any
other or unknown reason
vTagRdFZzLVVXTVhua0Qzc2x3SUU4VDMzNnc&gid=0

nd ALA spreadsheet:
url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ala.org.au%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2010%2F06%2FALA-occurrence-data-template-high-quality.xls&ei=X

UU4VDMzNnc&gid=0
ate-high-quality.xls&ei=XgciUPa7Ms2UiAewsYHAAw&usg=AFQjCNHOtkzJj0Fta9W_gA8vTWMAb6zb0w
Coordinate conversion
To reduce confusion and translation errors, the CMLR Herbarium data entry spreadsheet will only accept one format (decimal d
If your data is in another format, please convert prior to entering into the spreadsheet.

To bulk convert coordinates:

DNRGPS - you need to install it and configure to your units of measure
http://www.dnr.state.mn.us/mis/gis/DNRGPS/DNRGPS.html

For a few conversions, try one of the many online websites such as:
http://www.sunearthtools.com/dp/tools/conversion.php
OR
http://web.library.uiuc.edu/asp/max/DD2DMS.asp?dd=0.000278&submit=Convert+to+Degrees%B0+Minutes%27+Seconds%22

If you are converting GPS data into the correct format, see link for more details:
http://www.spiffa.org/uploads/2/6/7/5/2675656/a_guide_to_the_exchange_of_gps_data.pdf

Brief explanation of coordinate formats

Grid coordinates (UTM – Universal Transverse Mercator):

Easting and Northing – These are the grid coordinates in MGA94 (earlier versions called AMG) displayed as:
Easting (E) (e.g. 342873)
Northing (N) (e.g. 5774343)
Geographical coordinates:
Latitude and longitude – These are the geographical coordinates displayed as:
Latitude or southing (S) (eg. -27.5005)
Longitude or easting (E) (eg. 153.0145)
There are a number of different formats used for lat-long such as DD, DMS, DDM.

Explanation for coordinatePrecision

Latitude and Longitude have the maximum error in the equator, because the earth' radius is maximum.
The Earth is not a sphere, but an irregular shape approximating an ellipsoid. The accuracy of the longitude increases the further from the equ
The earth's radius at the equator is: 6378.160 km than the circumference is: (r*2*pi) 40075.1612 km, each degree is: (40075.1612 / 360) 111.
Precision choice is of 5 decimal place is accurate to 1.11 meter (+/- 55.5 cm) at the equator.

Examples: "0.00001" (normal GPS limit for decimal degrees), "0.000278" (nearest second), "0.01667" (nearest minute), "1.0" (n

decimal
deg. degrees distance Record type
111.319
1 1°0’0" km Other

0.1 0°6’0" 11.131 km Other

Some map
reading or
Google Earth
0.01 0°0’3.6" 1.113 km estimate
Some map
reading or
Google Earth
0.001 0°0’0.36" 111.3 m estimate
 normal
0.0001 0°0’0.036" 11.13 m handheld GPS
0°0’0.0036 Differential
0.00001 " 1.11 m GPS
ept one format (decimal degrees or DD) which is the most commonly used in herbarium databases.

inutes%27+Seconds%22

MG) displayed as:

es the further from the equator you get. The accuracy of the latitude remains almost unchanged. 
is: (40075.1612 / 360) 111.319 km.

(nearest minute), "1.0" (nearest degree). 

geodeticDatu coordinatePrecision
m

WGS84 0.0001 = 11m (normal handheld GPS limit for decimal degrees)
GDA94 0.001 = 111m (good map reading or good estimate from Google Earth aerial photo)
0.01 = 1.1km (coarse map reading or coarse estimate from Google Earth aerial photo)
0.1 = 11km (used for approximate specimen location where no coordinates were available)

1 = 111km (used for approximate specimen location where no coordinates were available)
0.00001 = 1m (differential GPS only)
stateProvince basisOfRecor CMLRstudyAr nameAccordi occurenceSta georeference georeference
d ea ngToID tus Protocol VerificationSt
atus

QLD Specimen Newnes PlateauAtlas of NSW Wipresent Map requires verifica

NSW Observation Airly Census of the Qcommon GPS (GDA94) verified by colle
VIC Still Image North StradbrokAustralian Plan rare GPS (WGS84) verified by curat
TAS Moving Image Eromanga Index Kewensisirregular

SA Sound Blair Athol doubtful

WA Century Zinc absent
NT Curragh excluded

ACT Ensham
Greenvale
Gregory Mine
Kidston
Moura
Oaky Creek
Tarong
Taunton/Idalia
Weipa
Other
establishment Revegetation Lifeform MetalEnriched MetalToleranc Hyperaccumu
Means Status Substrate e latorStatus

unknown Not
hyperaccumula
native Planted site-ind Tree Not metal-enric tor
introduced Planted non-indiShrub Zn Zn Zn
naturalised Planted exotic sGraminoid As As As
invasive Herb Cd Cd Cd
Scrambler or Pb Pb Pb
uncertain climber
Bryophytes Cr Cr Cr
Lichen Cu Cu Cu
Fern and fern Ni Ni Ni
allies
Co Co Co