Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CONSTRUCTION IV
FINISHES | WALLS …
Wall finishes in general …
• “ Wall Finishes “ is a finish given to the
wall to enhance the interior or exterior
look of the structure.
• Wall finishes can be classified into two
categories ,
Pebble dash plastering
• Plastering – cement , Plaster of
Paris etc.
• Cladding - stones, tiles , bricks,
wood , gypsum boards, ACP ,
metal sheets, GRC , green walls
etc.
Stone cladding
Factors influencing the selection of wall finishes …
• Interior or exterior usage
• Maintenance
• Cost
• Aesthetics
• Durability
• Weather resistance Glass reinforced concrete panels
Brick cladding
TYPES OF PLASTER FINISH …
• Smooth cast finish : A smooth , leveled surface is
obtained. The mortar for the finish is made of
cement and fine sand ratio of 1: 3 applied by
using wood float.
• Sand faced finish : Obtained by plastering in two
coats . The first coat is applied in 1: 4 cement
sand mortar for 12 mm thickness. After 7 days
of curing , the second coat is applied of 8 mm
thick in 1: 1 cement sand mortar ratio.
• Rough cast finish (spatter dash) : Mortar
containing cement , sand and coarse aggregate
in the ratio of 1: 1.5: 3, which is dashed against
the prepared plaster surface , then finished by
using wooden float. The coarse aggregate size
vary from 3 to 12 mm.
• Pebble dash finish ( dry dash ): The mortar of 1:
3 ratio of cement and sand is applied in 12mm
thickness. Clean pebbles of varying size from 10
to 20 mm are dashed to the prepared surface.
The pebbles are slightly pressed with the help of
wooden float.
• Depeter finish : Its similar to the pebble dash
finish . After 12 mm thick plaster is applied , the
pieces of pebbles are pressed using hand. Some
times the pebbles of different colors may be
used to obtain a beautiful pattern.
• Scrapped finish : 6mm to 12 mm thick mortar is
applied first , after few hours the surface is
scrapped in patterns for a depth of 3 mm. For
scrapping , steel straight edge , old saw blade
can be used.
• Textured finish (stucco plastering): Ornamental
patterns or textured surface are made by
dashing the plaster with brush , then pressed
slightly by using wooden float above the final
coat of plastering with stucco plaster. Stucco
plaster is a material made of sand, Portland
cement , lime, water and coloring agents .
PLASTER OF PARIS ( Gypsum plaster )…
• POP or Gypsum plaster is a quick-setting
plaster consisting calcium sulfate
hemihydrate powder, which hardens
when moistened and allowed to dry.
• It won’t shrink or crack after drying.
• Plaster of paris is so called because of its
preparation from the abundant gypsum
found near Paris.
• It is commonly used to precast and hold
parts of ornamental plasterwork placed
on walls , ceilings and cornices.
• Its can de-molded in about 20 to 45
minutes.
• Advantages :
• Disadvantages :
• Gypsum plaster is not suitable for
exterior finish as it is slightly soluble in
water.
• It cannot be used in moist situations.
• Skilled labor is required.
CLADDING …
• Building cladding is the exterior skin, or
envelope of a building, and includes all
moisture barriers and siding materials
used to cover the outside of the
structure.
• Can be used in interior as well as exterior
spaces.
• Cladding can serve both as decorative
and as a functional element.
• It is used to complement the
architectural style of the building while
also offering protection from light , rain,
wind, snow, and other outside elements.
STONE CLADDING …
• Stone cladding is a thin layer of real or
simulated stone applied to a building or
other structure made of a material other
than stone.
• Stone cladding is sometimes applied to
concrete and steel framed buildings as
part of their original architectural design.
TILE CLADDING …
• Ceramic cladding resists changes in
temperature and atmospheric attack
from pollution, acid rain and smog.
• Fixed to the buildings by an adhesive.
• Available in different colors and style.
• Long lasting.
• Used in toilets , kitchens etc.
BRICK CLADDING …
• Brick cladding system combines the
advantages of modern construction
techniques with the appeal of traditional
brickwork.
• Its suitable for cladding to masonry,
dense concrete, modular units, timber or
metal frames on existing or new build
structures.
• Its durable and decorative.
• Fast and easy installation.
• high thermal insulation.
• Available in red, grey , dark brown etc.
colors.
WOODEN CLADDING …
• Wooden Claddings , provides a natural
appeal, versatility and strength of timber
makes it a popular choice in
contemporary architectural world.
• Effective temperature insulator as it
keeps the interior cool.
• Fitted by tongue and groove joints
mostly.
• Durable to exterior weather conditions.
• High maintenance required.
• Natural wood or engineered wood planks
( mostly now a days) are used.
GYPSUM BOARD …
• Gypsum board is often called drywall,
wallboard, or plasterboard which is 7 to 12
mm thick having varying length.
• Often used along with gypsum plaster for
decorative wall finishes.
• Ease of installation and economical
• Fire and sound resistance
ALUMINIUM COMPOSITE PANEL …
• Aluminium composite panels (ACP) &
extruded aluminum are used in modern
architectural projects.
• They are light weight, non-corrosive and
recyclable in nature, have high
strength-to-weight ratio and come in
diverse colors and finishes.
GLASS CLADDING …
• Glass cladding reflects an impressive,
architecturally pleasing facades to the
modern environment.
• Available in Curves and in vivid colors.
• Used for both interior and exteriors.
• The panels can be installed quickly and
easily.
• The thickness vary from 2 mm to 25 mm.
• Float glass ( widely used ) , sheet glass ,
wired glass , patterned glass has been used
for cladding purposes.