IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF THE POLICE VISIBILITY OF QUIRINO PROVINCE

AMIDST PANDEMIC

INTRODUCTION

The COVID-19 outbreak has presented a number of unexpected and unusual issues to police

agencies around the world. Given these limitations, the purpose of this research is to better

understand the possible short- and long-term impacts of catastrophes and emergency situations

on law enforcement organizations and officers. The continuous COVID-19 pandemic had

infected masses and killed hundreds of thousands of people around the world. The pandemic, on

the other hand, has produced not just unexpected and in many instances unprecedented issues for

the public health system, but also for law enforcement agencies. Police personnel and staff are

frequently participating in pandemic response and thus face a higher risk of infection.

Furthermore, many governments have implemented emergency steps to protect their citizens and

slow the transmission of the infection. Such activities, such as lockdowns, travel restrictions, and

social distance laws, are frequently overseen and implemented by law enforcement, resulting in

increased customer needs for law enforcement organizations. This is on top of existing

responsibilities, as the police are required to maintain order as well as continue local

enforcement activities while facing increased resource constraints. To successfully grasp and

manage the myriad of obstacles that emergency circumstances like COVID-19 present, first

responders like police must learn from other organizations and from previous experiences with

comparable events. The review and scholarly analysis of emergency management policy and

practices is a significant mechanism for this. However, the research on law enforcement as well

as disaster management, particularly research focusing upon public health emergencies, is

sometimes insufficiently practical, and little is known about just how COVID-19 may affect

policing in the short and long term. With this knowledge, the research aims to close this gap by
 IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF THE POLICE VISIBILITY OF QUIRINO PROVINCE
AMIDST PANDEMIC
examining the effects of Quirino Province's police visibility during the epidemic. Its goal is to

establish best practices and make suggestions for policing the present COVID-19 outbreak.

Police have once again proved their ability to respond in an emergency. To face massive

challenges, police leadership relied on established and tested expertise, systems, and processes at

both the national and local levels. Where previous experience or present methods were

insufficient to address the issue, new solutions were quickly developed. Forces have to choose

the possibly contradictory goals of public service and workforce welfare. Forces have generally

succeeded in maximizing personnel protection while reducing the impact on public service

through innovation, flexibility, and adaptability. The police had rightly identified a flu pandemic

as the greatest national risk. However, they had frequently considered it as largely a threat to

health care rather than enforcement. As a result, forces had planned more thoroughly for other

hazards on the list of national priorities, such as terrorism and flooding. They swiftly and

effectively modified – and continue to adjust – their assessments and planning, though.

Governments had to act fast and focus on keeping people safe. Despite tight collaboration

between the Home Office and national law enforcement leaders, communication about limits and

laws was frequently brief and vulnerable to change. The police were presented with an

extraordinarily tough position of rapid announcements. The introduction and modification of

new legislation and guidance hindered the police service's ability to create guidelines and brief

staff at times. This invariably resulted in some mistakes or discrepancies in approach. In this

setting, policing at all levels performed admirably in terms of coherence and maintaining public

support and consent. Since the beginning of the epidemic, several forces have severely limited

their capacity for force and multi-agency training. The majority of forces and allied organizations

were solely focused on responding to the outbreak.

 IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF THE POLICE VISIBILITY OF QUIRINO PROVINCE
AMIDST PANDEMIC

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

This research has a chief concern regarding the impact assessment of the police visibility of

Quirino Province amidst pandemic. To obtain all the essential knowledge, data and information,

the research sought to answer the crucial questions as follow:

1. To determine the profile of the respondents in terms of:

1.1 Age

1.2 Sex

2. To determine the impacts of police visibility of Quirino Province in terms of:

2.1 Competency

2.2 Participation

2.3 Practices

3. To determine the significant relationship of the police visibility and the law enforcement.

RESEARCH DESIGN

In this study, the researchers will use a non-experimental research design, specifically a

quantitative research method, to collect, analyze, and interpret numerical data. It will be used to

find patterns and averages, make predictions, causal test relationships, and generalize results to

broader populations. Researchers mainly use the quantitative method to identify the variables

used in research work and aid with the data collection. Because of the Pandemic in the

Philippines, the researchers will use non-experimental under quantitative approach because the

label given to a study cannot control, manipulate, or alter the predictor variable or subjects, but
 IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF THE POLICE VISIBILITY OF QUIRINO PROVINCE
AMIDST PANDEMIC
instead relies on interpretation, observation, or interactions to come to a conclusion. This

research design emphasizes the quantification of data collection and analysis. It is shaped by

empiricist and positivist ideologies and is based on a deductive methodology that emphasizes

theory testing. This research strategy is linked to the natural, applied, formal, and social sciences

and encourages objective empirical exploration of observable events in order to test and

comprehend linkages. This is accomplished using a variety of quantification methodologies and

approaches, reflecting its widespread use as a research strategy across several academic areas.

RESPONDENTS OF THE STUDY

The respondents of this research will be the community of Quirino Province. The sampling

procedure that the researchers utilized for the study was the random sampling method with

(sample size) sample size. Since the researchers can apply and conclude within the population, it

is determined that this study has an accessible population. The researchers also used a simple

random sampling for this research analysis. Simple random sampling is a sampling strategy in

which every item in the population has an equal probability of being chosen for the sample.

Because the selection of items is solely based on chance or probability, this sampling

methodology is sometimes referred to as a method of chances. Because it only takes a single

random selection and little prior knowledge about the population, this method is the simplest of

all the probability sampling methods. This research conducted on this sample have excellent

internal and external validity due to the randomization. The researchers chose (sample size)

people at random from various age levels based on the respondents' reasonable access.

STATISTICAL TOOLS

The data gathering instrument will be a researcher made survey questionnaires guide that will

contain questions about the impacts assessment of police visibility, it’s role and significance in
 IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF THE POLICE VISIBILITY OF QUIRINO PROVINCE
AMIDST PANDEMIC
their life and in the community. The responses will be noted, and the researchers will collate all

the answers for results and conclusions of the research topic to be presented the composition in

the thesis production. Questionnaires can be thought of as a kind of written interview and they

can be carried out face to face, by telephone, computer or through social media. However,

researchers will use through social media data gathering using Google Form format to easily

distribute, collect and answer the questions by the respondents. Also, because of the currently

situation of the country due to Pandemic Covid-19. With the questions that provided, the

respondents in Quirino Province who answers these questionnaires will able to freely choose and

describe also elaborate their knowledge. It is a five points likert scale. An online questionnaire,

which requires a selected response answer to a series of questions in order to evaluate the

instruction of a given course.

TREATMENT OF DATA

The data that will be gathered in the study will be analyzed using the appropriate scoring and

statistical treatment. Data analysis will be carried out by means of SPSS v24.0.0. The gathered

responses will be interpreted following the Likert Psychometric Scale. The scoring procedures

will arbitrarily be adopted for the purpose of classifying the numerical values with their

corresponding description and interpretation, to get a holistic description of the evaluation of the

level of autonomy and motivation of the students. They will be categorized with the

corresponding interpretations as shown below and then ranked from highest to lowest mean. The

sample frame consists of respondents over the age of 18 years old in Quirino Province. The data

is collected through a structured questionnaire. The sample size was arrived as given below:

Formula for sample size calculation:

 IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF THE POLICE VISIBILITY OF QUIRINO PROVINCE
AMIDST PANDEMIC
𝑁 = 𝑧 2 ⋅ 𝑃𝑄 ⅇ 2 ≅ 385

Where: N= Sample Size z = 1.96 (Z value for 95% confidence level)

P = percentage expressed as a decimal (0.5 used for the sample size needed)

e = confidence interval expressed as decimal (0.05)

Scale Used:

Not at all, Rarely, Sometimes, Always – for the second part of the questionnaire

Strongly Agree, Agree, Neutral, Disagree, Strongly Disagree – for the third part of the

questionnaire

Tools used:

The raw data was gathered and entered into a Microsoft excel spreadsheet. The data is graphed

and analyzed using bar graphs and percentages to find the frequencies and trends. Also, the tools

like factor analysis, F-test and ANOVA will be used for the data analysis.