Chapter 1

Introduction

Community crime prevention is based upon the premise that private citizens can

play a major role in preventing crime in their neighborhoods. Community crime prevention

programs focus on "increasing the participation of individual citizens, small groups, and

voluntary community organizations in activities designed to reduce crime and to improve

the quality of neighborhood life", (“Prevention..”, 2022).

Crime prevention is defined as “the anticipation, the recognition, and the appraisal

of a crime risk and the initiation of action to remove or reduce it.” The first step in crime

prevention is to realize that in order to prevent crime or becoming a crime victim we must

accept that crime prevention is a shared responsibility. It is not a college problem or a

police problem. It is a societal problem that can only be properly addressed by the entire

campus community. On a college campus that includes, students, faculty, staff, visitors

and neighbors. Therefore, campus safety is truly a shared responsibility (Monroe

Community College, 2022).

Moreover, according to UNICEF (2022), effective, responsible crime prevention

enhances the quality of life of all citizens. It has long-term benefits in terms of reducing

the costs associated with the formal criminal justice system, as well as other social costs

that result from crime."

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Crime prevention in the community is one of the mandates of the Philippine

National Police (PNP). The police force is outfitted with cutting-edge technology that is

critical to their day-to-day operations. This simply means that preserving peace and order

has gotten easier with the help of police cars, motorbikes, and street cameras, among

other things. There is no doubt that these pieces of equipment provide the authorities an

advantage over criminals. In the increased war against criminality, the requirement for

police presence in every street around the neighborhood is critical. A roving police force

cannot only discourage crime. It can also provide people with a sense of safety and

security.

There are different strategies that PNP utilized for the safety of the community.

This includes the checkpoint operation, patrol operation, and their community

interactions.

A sobriety checkpoint is a law enforcement tool utilized to detect and deter

impaired driving. Officers are set up at a checkpoint on a roadway to stop vehicles to

check for impaired drivers. The checkpoint can be utilized to identify alcohol impairment

or another drug impairment.

Police patrols play an important role in public service by responding to incidents,

deterring and preventing crimes. It can give a sense of security to people who need

protection and discourage those who may commit crimes in the absence of a patrol.

Police patrolling is an indispensable component and function of police department. The

goals and objectives of police patrol include crime, prevention, criminal apprehension,
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law enforcement, order maintenance, public services, and traffic enforcement. However

since police resources are limited, there is an understandable interest in patrol strategies

and operations that provide safety at minimum cost.

When it comes to the interactions of the PNP to the community, it is said that

strong relationships of mutual trust between police agencies and the communities they

serve are critical to maintaining public safety and effective policing. Police officials rely on

the cooperation of community members to provide information about crime in their

neighborhoods, and to work with the police to devise solutions to crime and disorder

problems. Similarly community members’ willingness to trust the police depends on

whether they believe that police actions reflect community values and incorporate the

principles of procedural justice and legitimacy (USDOJ, 2015).

It is indeed important that these services of PNP are served in the community to

ensure it safety. This is also important to ensure that every individual in this community

abide the law and obeying the implementation of certain laws and ordinances pertaining

to the safety of the community.

In Pililla, these strategies of PNP are also present. The community believes that

these safety services provided by the PNP are important especially if these services are

implemented with the community’s satisfaction. This means that, the services are

implemented and conducted with the community’s delight. It is also important that the

PNP received feedback about these strategies they are implementing.

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Therefore, the researchers conducted this study as sort of feedbacking based on

the level of satisfaction of the residents in different barangays in Pililla, Rizal. This study

believed to generate important information not only to get the perceptions of the

community, but most importantly, to better the services of the PNP such as checkpoint,

patrolling, and community interactions.

Setting of the study

The study was conducted in different barangays in Pililla, Rizal, during the

Calendar Year 2021 – 2022.

Pililla is considered as a first class municipality based on the Local Government

Code of the Republic of the Philippines. The town has more than 50,000 residents in

around 9,000 households. The Municipality of Pililla is one of the 14 political subdivisions

of the Province of Rizal. It is the southernmost portion of the province with the

Municipality of Jalajala.

Pililla has 9 Barangays, of which 5 are within the poblacion and 4 in the barrios:

Bagumbayan (Pob.), Halayhayin, Hulo (Pob.), Imatong (Pob.), Malaya, Niogan, Quisao,

Takungan (Pob.), and Wawa (Pob.).

In these barangay came the respondents of the study who participated by

answering survey checklist about their level of satisfaction when it comes to the crime

preventions strategies of Pililla Police Force. They were twenty (20) respondents from
 50

each barangay who were described in terms of their sex, age, and highest educational

attainment.

Pililla is one of the towns in Rizal that exhibits crime prevention operations. One of

the researchers is presently living in one of the aforementioned barangay. Thus, the

residence from the different barangay were chosen as participants because of the

convenience of the conduct of the study and in gathering the data. Moreover, the

residence, regardless of the barangay they came from are credible source of information
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Figure 1

Vicinity Map of Pililla Rizal

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with regard to the Checkpoint operation, patrol operation, and community interactions of

the Pililla Police Force.

Theoretical framework

The researchers anchored their study to Rawl’s Theory of Justice and the

multiagency processes at the hear of the community safety planning.

When Rawls conceived of characters coming together in the 'original position' to

establish the justice contract for a future hypothetical society, he envisaged them

relinquishing special interests, immune to the play of ideological forces, capable, with

foresight and rationality, of committing themselves to an aggregated contract which

respected the basic rights of minorities in a pluralist society and yet which still sought to

optimize 'welfare outcomes'.

Lacking a legitimacy at the level of democracy and accountability; lacking even a

legitimacy of 'ends' (community safety strategies are concerned about harm reduction

and welfare but frequently lack firm criteria - harms reduced, risks avoided, crimes

prevented, fears assuaged, needs met - by which these can be evaluated) the strategies

will encounter difficulties. Instead community safety planning derives its legitimacy from

its corporate and communicative processes. In other words, the legitimacy derives from

means rather than ends, and from a repeated reference back to the concerns and

preoccupations of the originating members.

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The cited theory highlighted the importance of means in conducting safety

strategies in making the community safe from any threats of their freedom and safety.

These means of objectives of the PNP should be the basis of the community to get

satisfied of the conduct of their services such as checkpoints, patrolling, and community

interactions. Thus, the cited theory is very much suited to the conduct of the present

study.

Conceptual Framework

The researchers adopted the Input-Process-Output as its framework in

accomplishing the objectives of the study.

The Input refers to the source of information which includes the respondents who

described in terms of barangay, age, sex, and highest educational attainment. It also

includes the level of satisfaction of the community residence on the implementation of

crime prevention strategies of the Pililla Police Force with respect to their checkpoint

operation, patrol operation, and community interactions. Moreover, the input also showed

the significant difference on the Level of Satisfaction of the Community in the

implementation of Crime Prevention Strategies of Pililla Police Force in Pililla Rizal in

terms of their aspects, significant difference on the Level of Satisfaction of the

Community in the implementation of Crime Prevention Strategies of Pililla Police Force in

Pililla Rizal in terms of their aspects in terms of their profile, and the proposed

recommendations to increase the satisfaction of the community to the implemented crime

prevention strategies of PNP Pililla, Rizal.

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The Process refers to the step by step procedures taken by the researchers in

accomplishing the study’s main objectives. It includes the development and validation

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Profile of the Respondents

 Barangay
 Age
 Sex
 Highest Educational
Attainment

Level of Satisfaction of the Recommendations

Community in the
Implementation of Crime
Prevention Strategies of to Increase the
Pililla Police Force
Development and Satisfaction of the
 Checkpoint
 Patrol
Validation of
 Community Questionnaire – Community to the
Interactions Checklist
Significant Difference on the
Implemented Crime
Level of Satisfaction of the
Community in the Prevention
Implementation of Crime Administration and
Prevention Strategies of
Pililla Police Force in Pililla Retrieval of Strategies of Pililla
Rizal in Terms of the Questionnaire-
Different Aspects Checklist Police Force
Significant Difference on The
Level of Satisfaction of the
Community in the Tabulation, Analysis
Implementation of Crime
Prevention Strategies of and Presentation
Pililla Police Force in Pililla Gathered Data
Rizal in Terms of Their
Aspects in Terms of Their
Profile

Proposed Recommendations
to Increase the Satisfaction
of the Community to the
Implemented Crime
Prevention Strategies of the
PNP in Pililla Rizal

FEEDBACK
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Figure 2

Conceptual Paradigm showing the Level of Satisfaction of the Community in the

Implementation of Crime Prevention Strategies of the
Pililla Police Force in Pililla, Rizal

of the researchers–made questionnaire–checklist, its administration and retrieval and the

tabulation, analyses and interpretation of gathered data.

The Output was the proposed recommendations to improve the implementation of

crime prevention strategies of the Pililla Police Force.

The arrows indicate the continuous process with feedback indicating that if the

result is not successful after getting the feedback, another process will be executed until

it attains the desired result.

Statement of the Problem

This study determined the level of satisfaction of the residence of Bagumbayan

(Pob.), Halayhayin, Hulo (Pob.), Imatong (Pob.), Malaya, Niogan, Quisao, Takungan

(Pob.), and Wawa (Pob.). in the implementation of crime prevention strategies of PNP in

Pililla, Rizal during the Calendar Year 2021- 2022.

Specifically, the study sought answers to the following questions:

1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of the following:

1.1 barangay;

1.2 sex;

1.3 age; and

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1.4 highest educational attainment?

2. What is the level of Satisfaction of the community in the Implementation of

Crime Prevention Strategies of the Pililla Police Force with respect to:

2.1 checkpoint operation;

2.2 patrol operation; and

2.3 community interaction?

3. Is there a significant difference on The Level of Satisfaction of the Community

in the implementation of Crime Prevention Strategies of Pililla Police Force in

Pililla Rizal in terms of their aspects?

4. Is there a significant difference on The Level of Satisfaction of the Community

in the implementation of Crime Prevention Strategies of Pililla Police Force in

Pililla Rizal in terms of their aspects in terms of their profile?

5. Based on the findings, what recommendations may be proposed to increase

the satisfaction of the community to the implemented crime prevention

strategies of Pililla Police Force?

Hypotheses of the study

The study tested the following null hypotheses:

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1. There is no significant difference on The Level of Satisfaction of the Community in

the implementation of Crime Prevention Strategies of Pililla Police Force in Pililla

Rizal in terms of their aspects.

2. There is no significant difference on The Level of Satisfaction of the Community in

the implementation of Crime Prevention Strategies of Pililla Police Force in Pililla

Rizal in terms of their aspects in terms of their profile.

Significance of the study

The researchers believed that the findings of the study would be beneficial to the

following individuals:

Patrol Chief. The result of the study will generate factual information on the

effectiveness of their implemented crime prevention services and eventually upgrades its

weakness and improve their performance and increase the satisfaction of the community

residence.

Community. The people in the barangay would benefit on the improvement of the

crime prevention strategies of the Pililla Police Force, and will very much comfortable and

confidence on their safety measure in preventing the occurrence of crimes.

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Criminology Students. It would serve as a study guide to some of their subjects

regarding the improvement of the checkpoint, patrol, and community interactions of police

force.

Future Researcher. They may use the findings of the study on their future study

pertaining to the effectiveness and proper implementation of the different crime

prevention strategies.

Scope and Limitation of the Study

The study was conducted to determine the level of satisfaction of the community in

the implementation of crime prevention strategies of Pililla Police Force during the

Calendar Year 2021 – 2022.

The study was limited to the one hundred eighty (180) or twenty randomly selected

residents from nine (9) barangays in Pililla, Rizal namely: Bagumbayan (Pob.),

Halayhayin, Hulo (Pob.), Imatong (Pob.), Malaya, Niogan, Quisao, Takungan (Pob.), and

Wawa (Pob.).

The study was also limited to the use of descriptive research utilizing a

researchers–made questionnaire–checklist. The instrument gathered the information

needed such as the profile of the respondents and their responses about their level of

satisfaction in the implementation of crime prevention strategies of Pililla Police Force

such as checkpoint operation, patrol operation, and community interaction.

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Definition of Terms

The following terms were defined operationally for better understanding of the

readers:

Checkpoint Operation. This refers to a police set up in order to control an area

or to create an interposition layout between two opponent groups. Its goal is to stop the

freedom of movement of goods and persons.

Community Safety. This pertains to a concept which is sometimes used

interchangeably with that of 'crime prevention'.

Community Interactions. This refers to refers to the ongoing and changing

relationship between the police and the communities they serve.

Crime Prevention. This pertains to the object aimed towards ways and means to

reduce the desire of the human being to commit crime.

Crime Prevention Strategies. These pertain to the Checkpoint Operation, Patrol

Operation, and Community Interaction.

Level of Satisfaction. This pertains to the level of expectations or needs being

fulfilled.

Patrol. This is a group of people, vehicles etc., that go through an area to make

sure that it is safe: a group that patrols an area.

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Patrol Operation. This pertains to a tactic used by law enforcement agencies to

try to reduce or stop crime in specific or problematic areas.

 
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Chapter 2

This chapter presents the literature that have bearing and relationship to the

present study. This gave the researcher broader perspective which aid the researcher

broader perspective which the aid the researchers in conceptualizing and understanding

the assessments of respondents on the implementation and effectiveness of Police

Mobile Patrol as crime prevention. The different literature and studies, both local and

foreign, helped the researchers in the interpretation of findings.

Foreign Literature

As pointed out by the International Association of Chiefs of Police (2022), for

decades, there has been a perceived trade-off between effective crime reduction

strategies and positive community-police relations. Additionally, the most recent political

and societal demands for reduced police involvement raises new concerns regarding the

impact of crime prevention efforts, especially when mental health and substance abuse

issues are involved.

Experience has shown that proactive and aggressive policing tactics can—at least

temporarily—reduce crime (and particularly violence) in communities. Yet we also know

that many of these policing activities are viewed by the public as intrusive and heavy-

handed, often increasing racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic disparities and exacerbating

already frayed community-police relations. Equally problematic is that many crime-

reduction efforts that do not involve law enforcement often show little impact in reducing

crime and violence in high-risk neighborhoods. As a result, police executives often feel

they are being cut by the proverbial double-edged sword: reduce crime but alienate the
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community or focus on community relations and risk crime rising in already troubled

neighborhoods.

The Neighbourhood Justice Center (2021) asserts that, it is fair to say that

improving the quality of community life (the overarching goal of community justice) takes

time, is often challenging work, and requires all participants to reflect on, and change,

entrenched biases and assumptions. It also requires skilled facilitation, but it's worth the

effort: collectively-developed solutions meet the needs of many not just the rights of a

few, and solutions that are germinated in, and for, the community bear fruit.

For a justice center, working in the community also helps us to gather deeper

intelligence about the social, cultural, and political contexts that shape the people we

serve and assist, so every conversation we join on the streets informs our court and

services.

According to Muir (2021), the case for prevention makes intuitive sense. It is better

to stop a bad thing from happening in the first place than to deal with the deleterious

effects afterwards. Not only does this make intuitive sense, there is also a strong

evidence base showing that preventative measures can reduce harm at the individual

and population levels in a way that is superior to later interventions and achieves wider

economic and social benefits.

Esquires (2019) affirms that The term crime prevention is often narrowly

interpreted and this reinforces the view that it is solely the responsibility of the police. The

term community safety is open to wider interpretation and could encourage greater

participation from all sections of the community. We see community safety as having both
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social and situational aspects, as being concerned with people, communities and

organizations including families, victims and at risk groups, as well as with attempting to

reduce particular types of crime and the fear of crime.

In relation to preventative measures, it publishes and distributes a wide range of

material containing advice to householders on security measures which reduce the

opportunity for crime. It also promotes and organizes conferences, commissions research

and publishes reports dealing with various aspects of preventing crime (“Community

crime..”, 2021).

Walker (2012) sense and nonsense about crime, drugs, and communities was one

of the first books to challenge common misconceptions about crime, and the new

Seventh Edition remains uniquely effective at doing so. Described as a masterful critique

of American policies on everything from crime control, to guns, to drugs, this incisive text

cuts through popular myths and political rhetoric to confront both conservative and liberal

propositions in the context of current research and proven practice. The result is a

distinctly lucid, research-based work that stimulates critical thinking and enlivens class

discussions. This engaging text captures the full complexity of the administration of

justice while providing students with a clear sense of its key principles and general

patterns.

The Star Online (2014) posted on their website that illicit drugs have been the

nation’s “number one enemy” as a threat to national security since 1983 and the

consumption of drugs among students of institutions of higher learning continues to rise

despite police efforts.

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According to Adams (2013) juvenile curfew laws restrict the presence of

youngsters in public during specified hours on a continuing basis. As a way of controlling

juvenile crime, curfews have enjoyed immense popularity during the past decade or so.

For many, curfews represent a simple and effective strategy of curbing juvenile offending

by keeping would-be delinquents off the streets and at home. From this perspective,

curfew laws benefit from commonsense thinking and reinforce important social values,

such as parental responsibility. For others, however, curfews represent a dubious crime

control strategy that abridges.

Case (2017) pointed out that teenager curfews have been around for centuries as

the adult population has tried to keep adolescents safe. Most adults can remember being

annoyed when hearing their parents tell them they had to be home at a particular time.

Many adults also experienced being "grounded for life" for violating a curfew. Adhering to

a curfew is one of the first ways many people learned to handle the responsibilities that

go along with freedom.

Robinson (2012) stated that curfews are important to keep minors off the street

and reduce loitering and crime. Many cities and states enforce these laws as a way to

prevent illegal activities. Mandated curfews can deter young people from being on the

streets after certain hours. These curfews are usually 10 p.m. during the weekdays and

12 a.m. on the weekends.

According to Welsh et al. (2012) there is a growing body of research on the

effectiveness of crime prevention, covering a wide range of prevention modalities and

program types, and spanning the full spectrum of prevention strategies: developmental,
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situational, and community. Support for crime prevention also comes from many other

bodies of research, including public opinion and economic analysis, not to mention an

important body of work on the undesirable consequences of mass incarceration and

other punitive policies.

Lawrence et al. (2020) suggested that crime prevention and crime prevention

through environmental design are not just locks and alarms. We put in material on a

crime survey, deterrents, neighborhood watch, situational crime prevention, and building

a sustainable culture of security. Because times have changed, technology has changed

us. So we need to be aware of our surroundings and implement programs that will reduce

crime for communities.

Crowley (2013) opined that, a closer look at the existing criminal justice, law

enforcement, and education systems quickly reveals the limited capacity of localities to

install and implement effective and efficient prevention efforts successfully. For instance,

most crime prevention is provided either when youth first enter the juvenile justice system

(secondary prevention) or in an effort to prevent future recidivism.

As pointed out by Groff and Birks (2015), the traditional approach to developing

crime prevention strategies involves collecting data about a specific crime problem,

analyzing those data, developing and implementing appropriate strategies (which usually

involves obtaining resources to change the physical environment or implement a

program), and then evaluating the results. Although effective, this traditional process is

resource intensive, expensive, and time consuming. In a world of increasingly uncertain

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resources, simulation offers a promising methodology for experimenting with potential

strategies in silico before investing in empirical research.

The clustering of crime, according to Wang et al. (2014), has induced

criminologists and law enforcement officials to experiment with hotspot policing; an

approach that focuses crime prevention resources in areas with high numbers of crimes.

Although there is growing evidence that police departments can reduce crime when

following this strategy, the full spatial effect of this place-focused policing approach has

been debated. Concentration of policing crime not only reduces crime activities inside

treatment areas, but also reduces crimes in surrounding areas. The effect is called

‘diffusion of crime prevention benefits.

Local Literature

According to Ledesma et al. (2013), crime has been present from the very start of

humanity and has never stopped. Furthermore, crime has become a “common societal

phenomenon” that it is deliberated now as part of an organization’s functional element.

There are different beliefs as to what cause people to commit crimes. The common

misconception is that crime is caused by poverty or other forms of social deprivation, but

those are just a few of the many possible reasons. Public expectations and organizational

concerns demand innovative approaches to policing. Criticisms from various sectors

require police organization to assess current practices and functions and align them with

the needs and values of the community. Global experiences, likewise, assert a shift in

policing philosophy and operating style - from the traditional incident-driven to a problem-

focused, community based approach (PNPM-DS-8-95).

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The Senate of the Philippines (2014) asserts that, a crime is an act committed or

omitted in violation of a law forbidding or commanding it and for which a punishment is

imposed upon conviction. In the Philippines, the Revised Penal Code (Republic Act No.

3815) serves as the basic law that defines criminal offenses and provides the penalties

for the commission of such. Index crimes, as defined by the Philippine National Police

(PNP), involve crimes against persons such as murder, homicide, physical injury and

rape, and crimes against property such as robbery, theft, carnapping/carjacking and

cattle rustling. Non-index crimes, on the other hand, are violations of special laws such as

illegal logging or local ordinances.

According to Philippine Judicial Academy (2016), insufficiency of funds is a

common problem plaguing the pillars. This is expected considering that the budget

allocation for the entire Criminal Justice System is less than 10 percent of the total

national budget. Moreover, a bulk of the allocated budget goes to personnel services with

a small amount remaining for the institution’s programs and activities. Most difficulties

consequently stem from this problem: lack of personnel; inadequate facilities; slow

disposition of cases; congestion of courts; overcrowding of jails; and non-implementation

of laws.

Ledesma et al. (2013) emphasized that, there is no certain and single solution with

regards to stopping crime, but there are ways to prevent them before things get out of

hand. In order for crime to be fought, people must become aware of the existing laws and

the crimes happening in their environment. Law enforcers are a very important part of the
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society, because they can dictate what must be avoided and decide what punishments to

give to those who disobey.

As cited by Saligan et al. (2018), in a social sense, peace is defined as a lack of

conflict and freedom from fear of violence between individuals and groups. However,

peace does not only refer to the lack of hostility or the absence of dissension and

violence. It is also an environment that is characterized by healthy interpersonal and

international relationships, and acknowledgment of equality and fairness. Peace and

order are not only vital in sustaining political stability and social order, but also aid the

progress of investments, attracts more tourists, and creates more employment for

economic development. Hence, peace and order shall be realized in support to national

development in a sense that it is virtually impossible to accomplish things in a situation of

lawlessness and disorder.

According to the Philippine National Police Operations Manual (2013), the police

officer who is in charge of the operation shall, at all times, exercise control over all police

personnel in the area of operation, and shall exhaust all possible means to apply the

necessary and reasonable force to protect lives and properties during armed

confrontation.

Morallo (2017) posited that Filipino parents would be soon required to become

more responsible with their kids and ensure that their children would not be on the street

between 10 p.m. and 5 a.m. under a bill being considered by the House of

Representatives. If the bill is signed into a law, parents or guardians of children found on

streets and violating the statute for the third time would be required to pay between ₱500
 69

and ₱1,000 or render community service from five to 10 days. The unnumbered bill titled,

"Safe Hours for Children Act," prohibits parents or guardians from letting their sons and

daughters from loitering, roaming, meandering or sleeping in any public place from 10 in

the evening to five in the morning without any lawful or justifiable reason.

According to National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST, 2018), the

Philippine government is shifting to a new concept of providing extensive access of

government services electronically from devices like computer, laptop, smart-phones and

other handled devices, which are much more integrated into daily human life. The use of

technological innovations change the way a citizen accesses and consumes information

and the way in which the government offices reached citizens and deliver their services.

Lucagbo et al. (2016) pointed out that the safety of one’s person and security of

one’s property are widely viewed as basic human rights and are essential to the

community’s overall quality of life. People envision a society in which they play an active

role in peace and development, engaging in the promotion of social integration as they

seek unity in diversity with social justice. However, it has been a global phenomenon that

crime is on the rise. Crime has had great impact on individuals and communities and has

high and diverse costs. There is terrible physical, material, mental, and emotional injury

that is suffered by its victims.

Aquino et al. (2016) stated that the society is faced with various social problems

and concerns. One of these problems is criminality, which affects all parts of the country

and every aspect of community life. The problem of criminality is aggravated due to the

population growth, unemployment and rapid urbanization. There is no single formula and
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theory that can explain the vast range of criminal behavior. A criminal could be a

shoplifter stealing goods from a grocery store, a pleasant young man who suddenly and

inexplicably murders his family or a gun-for-hire who brutally assassinates a government

official. In addition, the crime problem weakening the traditional social control, moral

standard the alienation from family and social groups and the rising affluence enjoyed by

some sectors of society.

Cuevas et al. (2016) explained that a common goal of most CCTV systems has

been the prevention of crime and disorder through deterrence. Claims are also made that

CCTV provides public reassurance and therefore reduces fear of crime, which may, in

turn, increase the use of public spaces. CCTV has popularly been used worldwide. It can

be found in large buildings, wide establishments or areas such as malls or park. It is also

need on streets for monitoring and supervising traffic flow. Its effectiveness to provide

useful information has been attested by many agencies and establishments.

As explained by Tefora et al. (2019), the development of Crime Prevention

Statistical Analysis for Janiuay, Iloilo is created to help monitor and update information

within the police station and the barangay. Through this system, the Crime Prevention

Statistical Analysis user can register an account and log his/her own crime reports in a

day or in a year. The police which is the one who update all information was sent by the

users will allow them to show their own crime density in each barangay. It will also allow

them to view and print their crime related reports. Lastly, when the user and the police

are done updating their system of the crime reports it will automatically solve the crime
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rate of all barangays. In this system, the user can update their own crime reports easily

and efficiently to attain minimum effort, expense, time, and paperless policy.

Caba-ong et al. (2015) assert that crime is an act committed or omitted in violation

of a public law forbidding or commanding it and for which the punishment is imposed

upon conviction. The Revised Penal Code of the Philippines (Republic Act No. 3815)

serves as the fundamental law that defines criminal offenses and provides the penalties

for the commission of such crimes. These crimes are classified as index and non-index.

Index crimes are those against person that include murder, homicide, physical injury and

rape, and those against property that include robbery, theft, carnapping, and cattle

rustling. Non-index crimes are violations of special laws that include among others the

use of dangerous drugs. The other non-index crimes include the infraction of laws in the

local or city ordinances. Understanding the roots of crimes can help explain why crimes

are committed and may put light on how they should be handled and prevented.

Vicente and associates (2014) opined that there were five crime prevention

programs observed and implemented. There were five strategies used in the

implementation of these programs which were claimed as effective in preventing crimes.

Among these strategies, foot patrolling is considered the most effective in preventing

crimes by all the barangays. In the implementation of the crime prevention programs in

the top 10 crime prone barangays, no unique or other practices are implemented,

specifically to address their description as crime prone areas. It was as well noted that

these barangays implement visibility and neighborhood watch less frequently.

Foreign Studies
 72

Walby and Courtney (2021) examined the online communications, symbolism and

imagery of 35 community crime prevention and crime watch groups across Canada to

explore how these groups organize themselves and assess the resulting community

actions. Whilst such groups bring the community together to help promote community

safety, the groups may also encourage stereotyping, shaming and even vigilantism

through misrepresenting the amount of crime occurring in the community and focusing on

fear. The authors demonstrate how crime prevention becomes sidelined amongst most of

the groups, and how intense crime reporting and the focus on fear derail actual

community development.

The study of Walby and Courney is similar to the present study since both focused

on crime prevention and concerned about community development.

In the study of Razdan (2016), he emphasized that, citizens can act as individuals

to prevent crime by serving as witnesses, intervening in attempted offenses, taking

precautions to prevent the theft of one's property, and establishing and enforcing

guidelines for the behavior of one's children. The data indicate that such cooperation has

produced a significant reduction in particular types of crime. Citizen participation in

criminal justice administration could extend to the use of lay bodies to handle certain

forms of citizen misconduct. In India, tribal village councils are authorized to dispense

justice in minor civil and criminal matters. Citizen participation in crime prevention could

be improved through expanded public education, sanctions for not reporting crime, and

greater emphasis on the social control aspects of parent-child and teacher-child

relationships.
 73

In the aforementioned study, is emphasized the importance of cooperation of the

community in crime prevention. In the present study, the perceptions of the community is

also given consideration, although, their views were towards the crime prevention

strategies of the police force.

The study of Rosenbaum et al. (2019) shows that most police officers in the 58

American cities received high ratings for the way they interacted with members of the

community. These findings vary by agency size, as police officers in agencies with 500 or

more officers tended to garner lower grades from the community than did police officers

in smaller agencies. However, agency size does not appear to make a difference when

the number of sworn personnel is less than 500 (e.g., 150 vs. 350 sworn) Future

research should explore this reality and seek to determine factors that contribute to these

differences, including community characteristics (such as levels of poverty, violent crime,

and racial composition) and organizational characteristics (such as leadership priorities,

accountability systems, procedural justice training, and quality of supervision).

The study of Rosenbum et al. is somehow related to the present study since it

centered to the performance of police in their campaign against crime. The present study,

on the other hand, focused on the satisfaction of the residence in different barangays

about the crime prevention strategies employed by the police force.

Akbas et al. conducted a study to understand whether (1) the level of African-

American density and crime concentration at block groups are associated with racial

disparity in police arrests, and (2) the level of crime concentration moderates the

relationship between the level of African-American density and racial disparity. The
 74

results showed that African-American density was significantly and negatively related to

racial disparity in police arrests. However, the level of crime concentration did not affect

the racial disparity and did not moderate the relationship between African-American

density and racial disparity.

The study of Akbas et al. is helpful in understanding the future findings of the study

especially with regard to the community interaction of police officers as they implement

different crime prevention strategies in the local community.

Based on the study conducted by Critical Intervention Services (2020),

preventative Interaction lays the foundation for community growth and long-term crime

reduction through a variety of techniques designed to specifically engender social capital

—the personal investment by community members in the betterment of their own

community. Preventative Interaction centers on establishing trust, relationships, and

connection among community members to empower the community and strengthen its

social capital. High levels of trust and citizen participation operate through a variety of

mechanisms to produce socially desirable outcomes. The mechanisms, circumstances,

and outcomes vary; but in general, social capitol has many features to help people

translate aspirations into realities.

The cited study justified the importance of the cooperation of the community for

the betterment of their own community against crime. Thus, the study is parallel to the

present study which also considered the community interaction as one of its aspects.

Grossman and Miller (2015) found that juvenile curfew laws were effective at

reducing adverse youth health outcomes (e.g., trauma transports), juvenile crime, and
 75

victimization were of higher quality (e.g., stronger methodologic approaches) than those

finding no effects. However, given the limited number of studies and concerns with

quality, we conclude that more research is needed before conclusions can be drawn

about the effectiveness of juvenile curfew laws.

Curfew is one of the reasons why police force are conducting patrol operation,

thus the study of Grossman and Miller is related to the present study.

Yapp (2010) investigated the offence of robbery. Specifically, the semi-systematic

review analyzed commercial armed robbery, grouping offenders in terms of an apparent

scale of professionalism to amateurism. Within armed robbery, target hardening

strategies appear to have reduced opportunities for professionals, with a corresponding

increase in amateur armed robbers fueled by drug habits. The empirical study found that

levels of interaction used by an offender with a victim increased with offender age.

Interaction was lower for a robbery committed in an external location and for offenders

with previous convictions for offences against the person and property. The violence

facet could not be labelled as a specific discriminatory predictor.

Nwalozie (2012) examined armed robbery culture and the youth subculture. With

the employment of subcultural theory, the study became intellectually unviable in

explaining the primary data. Data reveal the four most significant factors in the hierarchy

of response (bad friends, money, poverty and corruption) that may account for the

involvement of youths in armed robbery. Since the group of “bad friends” is the main

catalyst responsible for the involvement of youths in armed robbery, the thesis concludes
 76

that this sample of respondents be regarded as a network of criminals who were strained

by the unjust social structure.

The studies made by Yapp and Nwalozie focused on robber which is mostly

committed during the night. This is one of the crimes that being prevented during patrol

operations of police officers which is one of the aspects in the present study.

Hayden and Dlugosz (2012) presents selected results from a victimization survey

of secondary school pupils in three very different schools in south London (n=1590). The

survey found that overall 21.6 per cent of pupils had experienced a robbery, of whom 7.9

per cent were alone at the time and 13.7 per cent were with a person who was robbed;

3.3 per cent of the whole sample reported that they had been injured. The article

concludes that better practical use could be made of such data, especially if it was more

routinely collected electronically and used in planning a response at the school level.

York and Altizio (2014) described the problem of convenience store robbery and

reviewing factors that increase its risk. It then identifies a series of questions to help you

analyze your local convenience store robbery problem. Convenience stores are “retail

business with primary emphasis placed on providing the public a convenient location to

quickly purchase from a wide array of consumable products (predominantly food and

gasoline) and services.” There are over 135,000 convenience stores operating in the

United States, and the number continues to grow. An estimated 100 million Americans

visit a convenience store on any given day; each convenience store might serve

hundreds, even thousands, of customers’ daily. Over 80 percent of all Americans,

because of their busy schedules, prefer convenience stores to supermarkets.

 77

The cited studies of Hayden and Dlugosz and York and Altizio are centered in

robbery in school where mostly the victims are students and in store. These cases can be

prevented by patrol and checkpoint operations. Therefore, the study is correlated to the

present study which focused on crime prevention.

Stones and Tilley (2022) explained in their study that traditional criminology

focuses on the criminal nature of offenders; the traits and tendencies that are assumed to

predispose particular individuals toward crime and antisocial behavior. In contrast,

situational crime prevention (SCP) aims to systematically categorize, and respond to, the

conditions in which opportunities for crime emerge. This entry introduces the origins of

SCP, presents the “effort, risk, reward, provocation, excuses” framework, and provides

examples of effective SCP measures across a range of settings.

The cited study highlighted the profiling of crimes which is very much relevant in

checkpoint operations. This study is helpful in the future findings of the present study.

Arisukwu et al. (2020) presents the benefits of using qualitative and quantitative

methods of data collection to unravel the potentials inherent in informal crime prevention

and control in rural localities in Nigeria. Findings from the study indicated high theft cases

as common crime in rural Nigeria. Youths were observed to constitute greater percentage

of suspects at police stations for crime. Unemployment and poverty among the rural

populace especially youths were responsible for these criminalities. The absence of

social infrastructure, inadequate police presence and government support to unemployed

youths made the crime situations worse in rural areas. There was low level of community

interactions with the police in crime prevention and control in rural Nigeria.
 78

In the study of Arisukwu, it highlighted the relationship of socioeconomic status

with crime. Thus, community interaction is very much helpful to provide programs with the

collaborative work between the police force and barangay officials.

Metiboba (2019) asserts in his study that crime is relative and can mean different,

even opposed things according to one’s point of view. It is also an umbrella term covering

a wide range of different circumstances and situations. When we think of crime, we have

a general notion of theft, murder, assault, rape, fraud and other unwholesome behaviour,

the kind of conduct which cannot be allowed free rein without a disruption of order, a

decline of public security and a steady descent into social chaos. He concludes by

maintaining the true security goes beyond the provision of modern electronic equipment

and increased police surveillance, etc. but involves much more of social justice, equity,

employment opportunities and gender justice in the society.

The cited study justified the existence of crime. Thus, the conduct of the study is

being justified since it is focused on crime prevention strategies.

The study of Badjpai (2015) revealed that the model of combining civil agencies

with police to reduce crime in the community is unique in itself, as probably for the first

time, anywhere in the world, this kind of structures for has been given a statutory base.

The idea is worth emulating in case of community policing in India. In fact, community

policing in India could not be institutionalized, as it does not have a legal base and

mandate. It is high time that the debate on bringing civil agencies under legal obligation

for crime reduction should be initiated in India.

 79

The study of Badjpai emphasized the importance of involvement of civil agencies.

This is also the belief of the researchers that is why community interaction was

considered as one of the aspects in crime prevention strategies.

Balcha (2014) investigate and understand the role, challenges and prospects of

community policing in crime prevention endeavor in Bahil Adarash sub city of Hawassa

city administration. The role of community policing in crime prevention is positively

received by 75.83 percent respondents and most of replied as crime reduced in Bahil

Adarash sub city. The most common challenges in the implementation of community

policing crime prevention in Bahil Adarash sub city were imbalanced efficiency between

police members, passive participation by most police members, the existence of dark

area in some places, logistic problems like absence of vehicles, computers and

stationeries and mostly once criminals became under custody inability to punish them by

the court of law, were the major hindering factors of community policing implementation

efforts in tackling crime.

The study of Balcha tried to understand the community policing which is also the

main concern of the present study and considered the community interaction as one of

helpful crime prevention strategies.

Local Studies

Virrey et al. (2018) determine the different risk factors of committing crimes at

different ages to formulate a program that will serve as a protective factor to counteract

risk factors in the development of committing crimes. The different risk factors were

classified into five (5) risk domains: family, peers, school, community, and individual. The
 80

crimes committed by the respondents are homicide, murder, violation of R.A. 9165/6425,

robbery, and rape. In the age group of 18 and below, 19-25, 26-32, 40-46, and 47-53, the

crime commission's risk factor is in the peer risk domains. In the age group of 33-39 and

54-60, the lack of familial love or support and unstable relationship with the family

contributed to their criminal behavior, which can be found in the family risk domain.

Lastly, the age group of 61 and above clearly shows that school is the most common risk

factor. In school, close ties with truant peers, expulsion, suspension, maltreatment, and

physical abuse by the teachers influence an individual's likelihood of getting in trouble

with the law.

The reviewed study is important in understanding how crime is being committed.

Thus, the findings of the cited study is helpful in examining the satisfaction of the

community on the implementation of crime prevention of police force.

Pillora (2014) conducted a study to determine the offenders’ profile and crime

incidence in the municipality of Buenavista, Guimaras from 2009- 2011. Majority of the

index and non-index crimes were committed in 2010 with physical injury and violation of

Republic Act 9287 (gambling) as the most active index and non-index crimes,

respectively. The number of these crime incidents increased in 2010 and decreased in

2011. Crime incidents were committed by majority of the offenders who are male, single

with ages between 18-40 years old. Significant difference existed between the crime

incidents and profile of the offenders such as age, gender, occupation and civil status of

the offenders. Likewise, a significant relationship existed between the crime incidents and
 81

profile of the offenders such as age, gender and civil status contributes to crime

incidence.

The study of Pillora provide understanding about the occurrence of crime

incidence which is helpful in analyzing the future findings of the present study.

Almares et al. (2018) determine the different domains in a person's life before his

conviction of crime committed against the person that affected him for committing such.

Moreover, this study aimed to create programs that would stand as a preventive measure

towards criminality, specifically for those at the beginning of their criminal career towards

delinquency. There is a high relationship between the demographic profile of the

respondents and their assessment of their life events. Based on the conclusions, the

researchers proposed programs to help the community prevent the commitment of crime,

especially for those at risk of committing the same, based on the evaluation of the results

gathered from the study.

The cited study explained the profile of the crime committers and is helpful in

providing insights about the importance of crime prevention strategies.

The study of Panganoron Jr. (2016) assessed and compared the actual

performance of police officers of Tagum City. Using t-test and f-ratio, results suggest that

the actual and perceived performance differ significantly. Strengthening of police-

community collaboration is deemed appropriate for crime solution efficiency to reach

higher levels.
 82

The study of Panganoron provide research-based evidence about the expertise of

police force in conducting and implementing crime prevention strategies and justified the

conduct of the present study.

Breva (2020) explained in his study that, the Peace and Order and Public Safety

Plan is a three-year plan consisting of programs and activities to promote peace and

order and public safety in a particular locality and consolidated Integrated

Area/Community Public Safety Plan of the cities and municipalities within the province as

specified in DILGMC no. 2015-128. Results revealed that the peace and order councils’

action on the efforts of the government to address the crime problems is relevant. With

this belief, the respondents participate in the effective implementation of the POC’s

POPS Plan to address the problems of criminality. Hence, it is recommended that the

policy planners of the government should seek criminological knowledge from

criminologists in formulating dependable peace and order and public safety plan.

The reviewed study underscores the importance of peace and order. This is the

reason why the researchers became interested in conducting the present study which is

about crime prevention strategies of police force.

According to Sioson (2017) records from the PNP show that the police has visited

6 million houses through the program from July 1, 2016 to January 8, 2017. From the

41,000 police operations conducted nationwide, an estimate of 44,000 drug pushers and

users have been arrested. Around 1 million self-confessed drug addicts have also

reportedly surrendered, PNP estimates show.

 83

The study of Sioson justified the community interaction as one of the crime

preventions strategies of police force and being considered in the present study.

Diaz and Inductivo (2017) explained in their study that, basically, curfew is an

ordinance that maybe enforced by the local government, by city or county government.

Curfew is a way of most municipals to decrease and prevent the crimes involving

juveniles. Curfew is an ordinance that prohibits a people of a certain age from being in

public during certain hours. In the platform of President Duterte, juveniles are required to

stay at home in hours of 10 pm to 5 am, but with exceptions. Juveniles aging 18 years old

and below are required to have a parent or guardian when going outside from 10 pm to 5

am. This ordinance also requires the parents to be more responsible for their children’s

acts because if their children are caught in the street from the said curfew time, the

parents of those children will be liable and will be imprisoned for a specific period of time.

“[Youth curfews] help keep our children out of harm’s way.

Again, curfew is one of the techniques employed in patrol operation to avoid the

crime being committed. Thus, the cited study justified the patrol operations of police force

as part of their crime prevention strategy.

Bertha et al. (2013) conducted a systemic study to create a better future for each

and every one of us. Crime detection and prevention is essential in order to provide

safety to the people. These problems focused mainly on making blotter and investigation

part. These problems trigger the community not to report crimes happening since they

find it useless and waste of time since they believe that the police are not capable of

solving such crimes. The new system developed was able to help in making the
 84

organization’s process become connected to each and every police station in the city for

reference and monitoring purposes. Also it makes use of the information that received in

order to maintain peace and order throughout the city. The system was used to support in

the decisions of policemen for crime prevention. The system automates some of the

processes that the organization is doing but there are still more processes that needs to

be automated. This will eliminate the use of paper forms to lessen the expenses in

supplies. The government should invest in upgrading and improving these type of

processes since it will be very helpful not only to the government but to all of us.

The modernization of crime prevention is justified in the cited study. Although, it is

not the main topic of the present study, presenting the reasons why it needs to be

innovated is very much relevant in crime prevention strategies.

Tamayo et al. (2013) found out that the highest crime rate was recorded at the

period the inflation rates was at the highest. Crime rates and increasing prices are co-

integrated. This finding would lend support to peace and development policies. The

paradigm of peace first before development or the reverse would not make any

difference; it is on what the government is good at must be the first. Both peace and

security first, development follows; development first, peace follows.

The study of Tamayo et al. emphasized the importance of developing policies for

peace and security. This can be effectively done with the consultation with the

community. Thus, community interactions is very much relevant in crime prevention

strategy.
 85

Vicente et al. (2014) determine the crime prevention programs in Baguio City, the

strategies of its implementation, the success rate of the crime prevention programs, and

the problems encountered in the implementation of the crime prevention programs.

Results show that there were five crime prevention programs observed and implemented.

There were five strategies used in the implementation of these programs which were

claimed as effective in preventing crimes. Among these strategies, foot patrolling is

considered the most effective in preventing crimes by all the barangays. In the

implementation of the crime prevention programs in the top 10 crime prone barangays,

no unique or other practices are implemented, specifically to address their description as

crime prone areas. It was as well noted that these barangays implement visibility and

neighborhood watch less frequently.

The study of Vicente et al. is parallel to the present study which also focused in

crime prevention strategies.

Pilora (2014) determine the offenders’ profile and crime incidence in the

municipality of Buenavista, Guimaras from 2009- 2011. Majority of the index and non-

index crimes were committed in 2010 with physical injury and violation of Republic Act

9287 (gambling) as the most active index and non-index crimes, respectively. The

number of these crime incidents increased in 2010 and decreased in 2011. Crime

incidents were committed by majority of the offenders who are male, single with ages

between 18-40 years old. Significant difference existed between the crime incidents and

profile of the offenders such as age, gender, occupation and civil status of the offenders.
 86

Likewise, a significant relationship existed between the crime incidents and profile of the

offenders such as age, gender and civil status contributes to crime incidence.

The profiling done by the study of Pilora is helpful in patrol and checkpoint

operations. Thus, the cited study contributes to the effectiveness of implementation of

patrol and checkpoint operations which are aspects being considered in the present

study.

Caliguid et al. (2019) determined the performance of Barangay Peacekeeping

Action Team (BPAT) about crime prevention of selected Barangay in Nasipit Agusan del

Norte. The researchers employed a descriptive type of research characterized by

gathering data on BPAT performance on Crime prevention in identifying Barangay in

Nasipit Agusan Del Norte. The investigation revealed that on the apprehension of

criminals, deterrence of crime, drug demand, and supply reduction, as well as the

identification of dependent for rehabilitation, conclude that the Barangay peacekeeping

action team is effective in apprehending criminals and conducting a checkpoint in

respected barangay.

The cited study highlighted the importance of actions of barangay-based anti-

crime strategy. This will be a big help in the implementation of crime preventions

strategies of police force.

Pacot (2018) conducted a study provides a greater impact in achieving the said

the quality of life by devising a new technology integrating different frameworks, such as

mobile computing, geographic information system, decision support system and web

applications. Further, this technology will predict would-be incident/crime commission for
 87

analysis and possible preventive actions. Mobile users can report any incidents and

crime within the area, thus providing information to the local government authorities. The

system also provides geographical distribution of crime rate through graphical

representation. The efficient and timely forecasting and data analysis of crime rates

within the region can now be achieved. And the implementation of mobile reporting for

emergency situation with Geographical Information System (GIS) is a timely solution in

emergency situation broadcasting.

The study of Pacto mentioned the importance of reporting by the community when

crime is being committed or has been committed.This is important in making the crime

prevention in the community more effective and efficient. This is helpul in making

recommendations to further improve the crime prevention strategies of police force.

The study of Virrey et al. (2018) aimed to determine the different risk factors of

committing crimes at different ages to formulate a program that will serve as a protective

factor to counteract risk factors in the development of committing crimes. The

researchers concluded that most of the respondents committed a crime in the age group

of 19-25, married, elementary graduates, and belong to a nuclear family with an income

of (5,000) five thousand pesos below. The different risk factors were classified into five

(5) risk domains: family, peers, school, community, and individual. The crimes committed

by the respondents are homicide, murder, violation of R.A. 9165/6425, robbery, and rape.

In the age group of 18 and below, 19-25, 26-32, 40-46, and 47-53, the crime

commission's risk factor is in the peer risk domains. In the age group of 33-39 and 54-60,

the lack of familial love or support and unstable relationship with the family contributed to
 88

their criminal behavior, which can be found in the family risk domain. Lastly, the age

group of 61 and above clearly shows that school is the most common risk factor. The

cited study explained the risk that the crime committers may faced. This is helpful

especially in community interaction in information drive about the possible penalty that a

person may faced in committing a crime. The cited study, therefore, is helpful in

implementing community interaction strategy.

Patalinghug (2017) determine the effectiveness of crime prevention strategies

implemented by the Salug Valley Philippine National Police (PNP) in terms of Police

Integrated Patrol System, Barangay Peacekeeping Operation, Anti-Criminality Operation,

Integrated Area Community Public Safety services, Bantay Turista and School Safety

Project as evaluated by 120 inhabitants and 138 PNP officers from four Municipalities of

Salug Valley Zamboanga del Sur. Findings of the study revealed that the crime

prevention strategies in four (4) municipalities were “much effective” to include Integrated

Patrol System, Barangay Peace Keeping Operations, Anti-Criminality Operations,

Integrated Area Community Public Safety Services, Bantay Turista and School Safety

Project in connection to the responses of 158 participants. There is a significant

relationship between crime prevention strategies employed and index crime rate.

The reviewed study is congruent to the present study since both studies focused in

crime prevention.

The different reviewed studies and literature, both local and foreign, are helpful in

justifying the use of different aspects such as patrol operation, checkpoint operation, and

community interactions as crime prevention strategies of police force in Pililla Rizal. The
 89

different studies and literature also highlighted the importance of crime preventions and

contributed different points on how it is done and what were the findings of the previous

studies.
 90

Chapter 3

This chapter presents the research methodologies used research locale, the respondents

the sampling technique, the data gathering tools, administrations of the questionnaire and

the statistical treatment used in this research study.

Research Design and Methodology

The researchers utilized a descriptive study method. A descriptive approach is a

survey method in which study participants respond to questions via interviews or

questionnaires. Researchers used a 5-point Likert Scale to interpret the replies made by

participants after they answered the questions.

The descriptive research design was fit in the conduct of the present study since it

involved description of respondents in terms of their profile such as sex, age, occupation,

and educational attainment. Their level of satisfaction in the implementation of crime

preventions strategies of Pililla Police Force with respect to the different aspects were

also interpreted and described based on mean ranges with verbal interpretations.

Respondents of the study

The study considered the one hundred eighty (180) or twenty randomly selected

residents from nine (9) barangays in Pililla, Rizal namely: Bagumbayan (Pob.),

Halayhayin, Hulo (Pob.), Imatong (Pob.), Malaya, Niogan, Quisao, Takungan (Pob.), and

Wawa (Pob.).

Table 1 on the next page presents the frequency distribution of the respondents.

Table 1
 91

Frequency Distribution of the Respondents

Name of Barangay Sample Respondents

Bagumbayan 20

Halayhayin 20

Hulo 20

Imatong 20

Malaya 20

Niogan 20

Quisao 20

Takungan 20

Wawa 20

Total 180

Instrumentation

The researchers utilized a researchers – made questionnaire – checklist as the

main instrument of the study. Before its administration, the instrument was content

validated by the expert.

The instrument is composed of two parts: the first part gathered the profile of the

respondents in terms of age, sex, occupation, and educational attainment; while the

second and last part gathered data on the level of satisfaction of the respondents in the

implementation of crime prevention services of Pililla Police Force with respect to

checkpoint operation, patrol operation, and community interaction.

 92

There were five (5) per-enumerated statements provided for each aspect for a

total of fifteen (15) pre-enumerated statements.

The following scale was used to interpret the level of satisfaction of the

respondents in the implementation of crime prevention strategies of Pililla Police Force:

Scale Range Verbal Interpretation

5 4.20 – 5.00 Very Much Satisfied

4 3.40 – 4.19 Much Satisfied

3 2.60 – 3.39 Satisfied

2 1.80 – 2.59 Less Satisfied

1 0 – 1.79 Not Satisfied

Validation of the Research Instrument

In order for the questionnaire - checklist to be reliable and valid it is important that

the questions are constructed properly. Hence, the researchers showed the developed

instrument to their assigned thesis adviser for content validation. All suggestions and

comments given were incorporated on its reconstruction before its administration to the

respondents.

Procedure of the study

The researchers started to present titles for the approval of the research instructor. Upon

approval of the thesis tittle, the researchers gathered data and information through

searching from the library, internet and books. After gathering the data, the researchers

came up with Chapters 1 to 3. The researchers prepared a checklist questionnaire for the
 93

purpose of assessment to be utilized in the study conducted. The researchers sent

request letters to conduct and distribute the questioner checklist to the respondents for

data analysis. After the retrieval of the questionnaire – checklist the gathered data were

tabulated, analyzed and interpreted using appropriate statistical treatments. The

researchers then began the construction of chapter 4 and 5 which followed by final oral

defense. The research was reconstructed based on the corrections, suggestion and

comments given by the panel members. After the final form of the thesis, it was

reproduced and distributed its hard bound copies to the college dean, panel members,

thesis adviser and librarian.

Statistical Treatment of Data

To answer the enumerated statement of the problems, there are different

statistical tools utilized in presenting the quantitative data. To determine the profile of the

respondents in terms of sex, age, occupation, and educational attainment, percentage,

the researcher employed the frequency, percentage, and rank distribution. To determine

the level of Satisfaction of the community in the Implementation of Crime Prevention

Strategies of the Pililla Police Force with respect to checkpoint operation, patrol

operation, and community interaction, weighted mean was used with corresponding

verbal interpretation. To determine the significant difference on The Level of Satisfaction

of the Community in the implementation of Crime Prevention Strategies of Pililla Police

Force in Pililla Rizal in terms of their aspects, and the significant difference in the

Community's Level of Satisfaction in the Implementation of Crime Prevention Strategies

when grouped according to profile, One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used
 94

Chapter 4

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter presents the results, analysis and interpretation of data relative to the

questions raised to determine the assessments of respondents on the crime prevention

strategies of Pililla Police Force with respect to Checkpoint Operation, Patrol Operation,

and Community Interaction.

Profile of the Respondents in Terms of Barangay, Sex, Age, and Highest

Educational Attainment

This statement of the problem presents the different brackets where the

respondents belonged to like the name of the Barangay where they live in, the number of

female and male respondents, the factions of their ages, and the highest educational

attainment of their parents.

Table 2 presents the profile of the respondents in terms of Barangay.

Table 2

Profile of the Respondents in Terms of Barangay

Barangay Frequency Percent Rank

Hulo 20 11.1 5
Imatong 20 11.1 5
Takungan 20 11.1 5
Wawa 20 11.1 5
Bagumbayan 20 11.1 5
Halayhayin 20 11.1 5
Quisao 20 11.1 5
Niogan 20 11.1 5
Mlalaya 20 11.1 5
Total 180 100.0
 95

It can be gleaned from the table that the respondents are equally distributed per

Barangay which is an frequency of twentt (20) or 11.1 percent each barangay. It implies

there are equal number of participants from each barangay.

Table 3 presents the profile of the respondents in terms of their sex.

Table 3

Profile of the Respondents in Terms of Sex

Sex Frequency Percent Rank

Male 85 47.2 2
Female 95 53.8 1
Total 180 100.0

The table shows that there are 90 or 53.80 percent female respondents while the

remaining 85 or 47.20 percent are male respondents. It implies that the respondent of the

study is almost equally in number when it comes to sex.

Table 4 on the presents the profile of the respondents in terms of their age.

The table reveals that majority of the respondents are 25 years old and below with

the highest frequency of 68 or 37.8 percent, followed by respondents between 26 to 29

years old with 35 or 19.4 percent. Next in rank are between 30 to 35 years old

respondents with 27 or 15 percent, followed by either 50 years old and above or 36 to 40

years old respondents since both have 12 or 6.7 percent, while there are only 11 or 6.1

percent 46 to 49 years old respondents.

 96

Table 4

Profile of the Respondents in Terms of Age

Age Frequency Percent Rank

50 years old and above 12 6.7 5.5
46 to 49 years old 11 6.1 7
41 to 45 years old 15 8.3 4
36 to 40 years old 12 6.7 5.5
30 to 35 years old 27 15.0 3
26 to 29 years old 35 19.4 2
25 years old and below 68 37.8 1
Total 180 100.0

The result implies that the study have participants who represents the residence

from different age groups.

Table 5 presents the profile of the respondents in terms of their highest

educational attainment.

Based on the data from the table, those respondents who are college

undergraduate dominated the respondents with the highest frequency of 49 or 27.2

percent, followed by high school graduate with 35 or 19.4 percent. Third in rank are

respondents who are college graduate with 32 or 17.8 percent. Next in rank are

vocational graduate respondents with 22 or 12.2 percent, then followed by vocational

undergraduate with 14 or 7.8 percent. Those high school undergraduate respondents

came next with 13 or 7.2 percent, followed by respondents who are enrolled in post-

graduate studies with 9 or 5 percent. Elementary

 97

Table 5

Profile of the Respondents in Terms of Highest Educational Attainment

Highest Educational Attainment Frequency Percent Rank

Post-Graduate Studies 9 5.0 7
College Graduate 32 17.8 3
College Undergraduate 49 27.2 1
Vocational Graduate 22 12.2 4
Vocational Undergraduate 14 7.8 5
High School Graduate 35 19.4 2
High School Undergraduate 13 7.2 6
Elementary Graduate 4 2.2 8
Elementary Undergraduate 2 1.1 9
Total 180 100.0

graduate respondents followed with 4 or 2.2 percent, while there are only 2 or 1.1 percent

respondents who are elementary undergraduate.

The result implies that the resondenta participated in this study are from different

educational status which is ideal since the respondents will able to represent various

groups when it comes to educational attainment.

Table 6 presents the composite table of the profile of the respondents.

The composite table shows that the respondents are equally distributed in terms of

Barangay with 20 or 11.1 percent respondents each. The majority are female with 95 or

53.8 percent. Those resondents who are 25 years old and below dominated the

respondents with the highest frequency of 68 or 38.7 percent, while with college graduate
 98

Table 6

Composite Table of the Profile of the Respondents

Profile of the Respondents Frequency Percent

Barangay 20 11.1
Female (sex) 95 53.8
25 years old and below (age) 68 37.8
College Graduate (highest
49 27.2
educational attainment

parents are dominants with 49 or 27.2 percent.

The results implied that female respondents who are 25 years old and with

parents who are college graduate are the greater participants of the study.

Level of Satisfaction in the Implementation of Crime Prevention Strategies of PNP

in Pililla, Rizal with Respect to Checkpoint Operation, Patrol Operation, and
Community Interaction

Table 7 on the next page presents the evel of Satisfaction of the community in the

Implementation of Crime Prevention Strategies of the PNP in Pililla, Rizal with respect to

Checkpoint Operation.

It can be gleaned from the table that the respondents “Very Much Satisfied” with

the implementation of crime prevention strategies of Pililla Police Force with an average

mean of 4.31.

The respondents ranked first item no. 1 “Detecting drivers who are suspected of

impaired driving” with the highest mean of 4.36, followed by item no. 5 “Enhancing the
 99

Table 7

Level of Satisfaction of the Respondents in the Implementation of Crime

Prevention Strategies of PNP in Pililla, Rizal with Respect to
Checkpoint Operation

Verbal
Weighte
Checkpoint Operation Interpretatio Rank
d Mean
n
1 Detecting drivers who are suspected of impaired
4.36 VMS 1
driving.
2 Preventing large numbers of drunk drivers from
4.26 VMS 3
being released into traffic.
3 Checking of valid driver’s licenses, seat belt use,
4.29 VMS 5
and other criminal infractions.
4 Checking of outstanding warrants, stolen vehicles,
and other criminal infractions. 4.28 VMS 4

5 Enhancing the visibility of their law enforcement

4.35 VMS 2
operations.
Average Mean 4.31 VMS
Legend: VMS – Very Much Satisfied

visibility of their law enforcement operations” with 4.35. Third in rank is item no. 2

“Preventing large numbers of drunk drivers from being released into traffic” with 4.26,

followed by item no. 4 “Checking of outstanding warrants, stolen vehicles, and other

criminal infractions” with 4.28, and lastly, item no. 3 “Checking of valid driver’s licenses,

seat belt use, and other criminal infractions” with 4.29. all items were verbally interpreted

as “Very Much Satisfied”.

The result implies that the repsondents favored most the functions of checkpoint in

detecting impaired drivers and in enhancing police visibility.

 100

Table 8 presents the evel of Satisfaction of the community in the Implementation

of Crime Prevention Strategies of the PNP in Pililla, Rizal with respect to Patrol

Operation.

Table 8

Level of Satisfaction of the Respondents in the Implementation of Crime

Prevention Strateiges of PNP in Pililla, Rizal with Respect to
Patrol Operation

Verbal
Weighted
Patrol Operation Interpretatio Rank
Mean
n
1 Monitoring suspicious or unusual activity. 4.41 VMS 1
2 Responding to calls for assistance or
4.29 VMS 3
investigation.
3 Issuing citations for traffic or parking
4.30 VMS 2
violations.
4 Dispersing unauthorized, non-permitted
crowds. 4.27 VMS 4

Average Mean 4.32 VMS

Legend: VMS – Very Much Satisfied

With respect to patrol operation, the respondents “Much Satisfied” with the

implementation of crime prevention strategies of PNP in Pililla, Rizal with an average

mean of 4.14.

The respondents ranked first item no. 1 “Monitoring suspicious or unusual activity”

with the highest mean of 4.41, followed by item no. 3 “Issuing citations for traffic or

parking violations” with 4.30. Third in rank is item no. 2 “Responding to calls for

assistance or investigations” with 4.29, while last in rank is item no. 4 “Dispersing
 101

unauthorized, non-permitted crowds” with 4.27. All items were verbally interpreted as

“Very Much Satisfied”.

The result implies that the respondents are more fond of the patrol operation of

Pililla Police Force especially when it comes to conducting monitoring their barangay for

unusual activity.

Table 9 presents the evel of Satisfaction of the community in the Implementation

of Crime Prevention Strategies of the PNP in Pililla, Rizal with respect to Community

Interaction.

The table reveals that the respondents are “Very Much Satisfied” on the

community interaction of the Pililla Police Force garnering an average mean of 4.35.

For the respondents, item no. 1 “Establishment of personal and professional

relationships to build credibility and confidence with the community” is in the first rank

with the highest mean of 4.47, followd by item no. 4 “Educating the people in the

community about recent news that may capture their interest and when reciprocated,

volunteer other information about current events, livelihood and important laws that may

affect their lives” with 4.33. Items no. 2 “Conduct of area visits for police visibility” and no.

3 “Conduct of peripheral visit and forge relationships with the people in the area by

conducting interpersonal dialogue, establish rapport and offer friendship” shared the 3.5

rank since both have 4.32, and in the last rank is item no. 5 “Informing the community of

various matters that affect their lives starting from issues involving peace and order, laws
 102

that affect their daily activities” with 4.31. All items were verbally interpreted as “Very

Much Satisfied”.

It can be deduced from the results that the respondents enjoyed most the

establishment of personal and professional relationships to build credibility and

confidence

Table 9

Level of Satisfaction of the Respondents in the Implementation of Crime

Prevention Strategies of PNP in Pililla, Rizal with Respect to
Community Interaction

Verbal
Weighte
Community Interaction Interpretatio Rank
d Mean
n
1 Establishment of personal and professional
relationships to build credibility and confidence 4.47 VMS 1
with the community.
2 Conduct of area visits for police visibility. 4.32 VMS 3.5
3 Conduct of peripheral visit and forge relationships
with the people in the area by conducting
4.32 VMS 3.5
interpersonal dialogue, establish rapport and
offer friendship.
4 Educating the people in the community about
recent news that may capture their interest and
when reciprocated, volunteer other information 4.33 VMS 2
about current events, livelihood and important
laws that may affect their lives.
5 Informing the community of various matters that
affect their lives starting from issues involving
4.31 VMS 5
peace and order, laws that affect their daily
activities.
Average Mean 4.35 VMS
Legend: VMS – Very Much Satisfied
 103

with the community. This also build trusts between the communitiy and police which is

critical in the effectiveness of the programs of the latter especially when it comes to

peace and order.

Table 10 presents the composite table on the level of Satisfaction of the

community in the Implementation of Crime Prevention Strategies of the PNP in Pililla,

Rizal with respect to the different aspects.

Table 10

Composite Table on the Level of satisfaction of the Respondents in the

Implementation of Crime Prevention Strateiges of PNP in Pililla, Rizal
with Respect to the Different Aspects

Level of Satisfaction in the

Weighted Verbal
Implementation of Crime Prevention Rank
Mean Interpretation
Seravices of PNP in Pililla, Rizal
Checkpoin Operation 4.31 VMS 3
Patrol Operation 4.32 VMS 2
Community Interaction 4.35 VMS 1
Composite Mean 4.33 VMS
Legend: VMS – Very Much Satisfied

It can be observed from the composite table that, in general, the respondents are

“Very Much Satisfied” with a composite mean of 4.33.

The respondents ranked first Community Interaction with the highest average

mean of 4.35, followed by Patrol Operation with 4.32, and then lastly, Checkpoint

Operation with 4.31. All aspects were verbally interpreted as “Very Much Satisficed”.

The results denote that the respondents highly appreciated the community

interaction among other crime prevention strategies of PNP in Pililla, Rizal.

 104

Significant Difference on The Level of Satisfaction of the Community in the

Implementation of Crime Prevention Strategies of PNP in Pililla Rizal with Respect
to the Different Aspects

Table 11 presents significant difference on the level of satisfaction of the

community in the implemenation of crime prevention strategies of PNP in Pililla, Rizal in

Pililla Rizal.

The table shows that the level of satisfaction of the respondents in the

implementation of crime prevention strategies of Pililla Police Force showed no significant

Table 11

Significant Difference on the Level of Satisfaction of the Community in the

Implementatin of Crime Prevention Strategies of PNP in Pililla, Rizal
ANOVA

Sum of Mean
df F Sig. Ho VI
Squares Square
Between Groups .162 2 .081 .208 .812 FR NS
Within Groups 208.691 537 .389
Total 208.852 539
Legend: FR – Failed to Reject, NS – Not Significant

difference with the significant value of .812 which is higher than the 0.05 level of

significance and failed to reject the null hypothesis.

The results only mean that the level perceptions of the respondents are aligned

with each other with respect to the different aspects in the implementation of crime

prevention strategies of PNP in Pililla, Rizal.

 105

Significant Difference on the Implementation of Crime Prevention Strategies of

PNP in Pililla, Rizal with Respect to the Different Aspects in Terms of Their Profile

Table 12 on the next page presents the significant difference on the level of

satisfaction of the respondents in the implementation of crime prevention strategiges of

PNP in Pililla, Rizal with respect to the different aspects in terms of barangay.

It can be gleaned from the table that the perceptions of the respondents about the

implementation of crime prevention strategies of PNP in Pililla, Rizal showed no

significant difference with respect to Checkpoint when they were grouped according to

barangay. The

Table 12

Test on Significant Difference on the Level of Satisfaction of the Respondents in

the Implementation of Crime Prevention Strategies of PNP in Pililla, Rizal with
Respect to the Different Aspects in Terms of Barangay

ANOVA

Sum of Mean
df F Sig. Ho VI
Squares Square
Between
5.783 8 .723 1.722 .096 FR NS
Groups
Checkpoint Within
Operation 71.766 171 .420
Groups
Total 77.549 179
Between
9.407 8 1.176 3.367 .001 R S
Groups
Patrol Operation Within 59.725 171 .349
Groups
Total 69.132 179
 106

Between
10.694 8 1.337 4.454 .000 R S
Groups
Community Within
Interaction 51.316 171 .300
Groups
Total 62.010 179
Legend: FR – Failed to Reject, NS – Not Significant, R- Rejected, S - Significant

significant value of .096 exceeds the set 0.05 level of significance and failed to reject the

null hypothesis. On the other hand, their perceptions registered significant differences

with respect to Patrol Operation and Community Interaction with significant values of .001

and .000 respectively. The significant values rejected the null hypothesis at 0.05 level of

significance.

The result implies that, the respondents when grouped into barangay, have the

same perception about the Checkpoint Operation, on the other hand, their perceptions

became inconsistent when it comes to Patrol Operation and Community Interaction.

Table 13 presents the significant difference on the level of satisfaction of the

respondents in the implementation of crime prevention strategiges of PNP in Pililla, Rizal

with respect to the different aspects in terms of sex.

Table 13

Test on Significant Difference on the Level of Satisfaction of the Respondents in

the Implementation of Crime Prevention Strategies of PNP in Pililla, Rizal with
Respect to the Different Aspects in Terms of Sex

ANOVA
Sum of Mean
df F Sig. Ho VI
Squares Square
 107

Between
.689 1 .689 1.597 .208 FR NS
Groups
Checkpoint Within
Operation 76.860 178 .432
Groups
Total 77.549 179
Between
.914 1 .914 2.384 .124 FR NS
Groups
Patrol Within
Operation 68.218 178 .383
Groups
Total 69.132 179
Between
.526 1 .526 1.521 .219 FR NS
Groups
Community Within
Interaction 61.484 178 .345
Groups
Total 62.010 179
Legend: FR – Failed to Reject, NS – Not Significant

The table shows that the perceptions of the respondents on the crime prevention

strategies of PNP in Pililla, Rizal showed no significant difference with respect to the

different aspects when they were grouped according to sex. All significant values are

higher than the 0.05 level of significance and failed to reject the null hypothesis.

The result denotes that the respondents, regardless of being male or female, have

the same perceptions with regard to the crime prevention strategies of PNP in Pililla,

Rizal with respect to Checkpoint Operation, Patrol Operation, and Community Interaction.
 108

Table 14 presents the significant difference on the level of satisfaction of the

respondents in the implementation of crime prevention strategiges of PNP in Pililla, Rizal

with respect to the different aspects in terms of age.

Table 14

Test on Significant Difference on the Level of Satisfaction of the Respondents in

the Implementation of Crime Prevention Strategies of PNP in Pililla, Rizal with
Respect to the Different Aspects in Terms of Age

ANOVA
Sum of Mean
df F Sig. Ho VI
Squares Square

Between Groups 6.891 6 1.148 2.812 .012 R S

Checkpoint
Within Groups 70.658 173 .408
Operation
Total 77.549 179

Between Groups 4.778 6 .796 2.141 .051 FR NS

Patrol
Within Groups 64.354 173 .372
Operation
Total 69.132 179

Between Groups 6.122 6 1.020 3.158 .006 R S

Community
Within Groups 55.888 173 .323
Interaction
Total 62.010 179
Legend: FR – Failed to Reject, NS – Not Significant, R- Rejected, S - Significant

The table reveals that the perceptions of the respondents on the crime prevention

strategies of Pililla Police Force showed no significant difference with respect to Patrol

Operation with a significant value of .051 which exceeds the 0.05 level of significanc
 109

failed to reject the null hypothesis. On the other hand, their perceptions with respect to

Checkpoint Operation and Community Interaction registered significant differences with

respective significant values of .012 and .006. These values are within the rejection area

at 0.05 level and rejected the null hyopthesis.

The result only indicates that when the respondents were grouped according to

their age, their perceptions about Patrol Operation is a ligned with each other. However,

the differences of their age showed impact on their perceptions with respect to

Checkpoint Operation and Community Interaction.

Table 15 on the next pagepresents the significant difference on the level of

satisfaction of the respondents in the implementation of crime prevention strategiges of

PNP in Pililla, Rizal with respect to the different aspects in terms of highest educational

attainment.

It can be observed from the table that the perceptions of the respondents about

the crime prevention strategies of PNP in Pililla, Rizal showed no significant difference

with respect to Checkpoint Operation, Patrol Operation, and Community Interaction when

they were grouped according to their highest educational attainment. All significant

values of .582, .387, and .584 exceeded the set 0.05 level of significance and favored the

null hypothesis of the study.

Table 15

Test on Significant Difference on the Level of Satisfaction of the Respondents in

the Implementation of Crime Prevention Strategies of PNP in Pililla, Rizal with
Respect to the Different Aspects in Terms of Highest
 110

Educational Attainment

ANOVA
Sum of Mean
df F Sig. Ho VI
Squares Square
Between
2.880 8 .360 .824 .582 FR NS
Groups
Checkpoint
Operation Within Groups 74.669 171 .437

Total 77.549 179

Between
3.295 8 .412 1.070 .387 FR NS
Groups
Patrol
Operation Within Groups 65.837 171 .385

Total 69.132 179

Between
2.296 8 .287 .822 .584 FR NS
Groups
Community
Interaction Within Groups 59.714 171 .349

Total 62.010 179

Legend: FR – Failed to Reject, NS – Not Significant, R- Rejected, S - Significant

The result only implies that, regardless of difference in educational attainment of

the respondents, their perceptions are still aligned with each other when it comes to the

crime preventions strategies of PNP in Pililla, RizaL.

 Chapter 5

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter presents the summary of findings, conclusions drawn and

recommendation offered.

Summary of Findings

From the careful analysis of data gathered and the results obtained, the following

significant findings were hereby summarized.

1. Profile of the Respondents in Terms of Barangay, Sex, Age, and

Highest Educational Attainment
The result reveals that the respondents are equally distributed in terms of

barangay. Moreover, majority of the respondents are female, 25 years old

and below, and college undergraduate.

2. Level of Satisfaction in the Implementation of Crime Prevention

Strategies of PNP in Pililla, Rizal with Respect to Checkpoint
Operation, Patrol Operation, and Community Interaction
In general, the respondents are “Very Much Satisfied” with the

implementation of crime prevention strategies of PNP in Pililla, Rizal.

The respondents ranked first Community Interaction, followed by Patrol

Operation, and lastly, Checkpoint Operation. All aspects were verbally

interpreted as “Very Much Satisfied”. The results denote that the

respondents highly appreciated the community interaction among other

crime prevention strategies of PNP in Pililla, Rizal.

3. Significant Difference on The Level of Satisfaction of the Community in

the Implementation of Crime Prevention Strategies of PNP in Pililla,
Rizal in Pililla Rizal with Respect to the Different Aspects
 112

The level of satisfaction of the respondents in the implementation of crime

prevention strategies of PNP in Pililla, Rizal showed no significant

difference. The results only mean that the level perceptions of the

respondents are aligned with each other with respect to the different aspects

in the implementation of crime prevention strategies of PNP in Pililla, Rizal.

4. Significant Difference on the Implementation of Crime Prevention

Strategies of PNP in Pililla, Rizal with Respect to the Different Aspects
in Terms of Their Profile

The perceptions of the respondents about the implementation of crime

prevention strategies of PNP in Pililla, Rizal showed no significant difference

with respect to Checkpoint when they were grouped according to barangay.

On the other hand, their perceptions registered significant difference with

respect to Patrol Operation and Community Interaction. The result implies

that, the respondents when grouped into barangay, have the same

perception about the Checkpoint Operation, while their perceptions became

inconsistent when it comes to Patrol Operation and Community Interaction.

The perceptions of the respondents on the crime prevention strategies of

PNP in Pililla, Rizal showed no significant difference with respect to the

different aspects when they were grouped according to sex. The result

denotes that the respondents, regardless of being male or female, have the

same perceptions with regard to the crime prevention strategies of PNP in

Pililla, Rizal with respect to Checkpoint Operation, Patrol Operation, and

Community Interaction.
 113

The perceptions of the respondents on the crime prevention strategies of

PNP in Pililla, Rizal showed no significant difference with respect to Patrol

Operation. On the other hand, their perceptions with respect to Checkpoint

Operation and Community Interaction registered significant difference. The

result only indicates that when the respondents were grouped according to

their age, their perceptions about Patrol Operation is aligned with each

other. However, the differences of their age showed impact on their

perceptions with respect to Checkpoint Operation and Community

Interaction.

The perceptions of the respondents about the crime prevention strategies of

PNP in Pililla, Rizal showed no significant difference with respect to

Checkpoint Operation, Patrol Operation, and Community Interaction when

they were grouped according to their highest educational attainment. The

result only implies that, regardless of difference in educational attainment of

the respondents, their perceptions are still aligned with each other when it

comes to the crime preventions strategies of PNP in Pililla, Rizal.

Conclusions
Based on the statistical findings, the study sets forth the following conclusions:

1. The randomly selected respondents were on the right age to comprehend

the questions asked to them and they are credible source of information and

each

barangay have their equal numbers of representatives.

2. The respondents were usually 25 years old who are commonly experiencing

different crime prevention strategies of PNP in Pililla, Rizal.

 114

3. The respondents showed their utmost satisfaction when it comes to the

checkpoint operation of PNP in Pililla, Rizal.

4. The respondents have level of satisfaction in the implementation of crime

prevention strategies of PNP in Pililla, Rizal with respect to checkpoint

operation, patrol operation, and community interaction when they were

grouped as one.

5. Sex and educational attainment are not determinants on the significant

difference on the level of satisfaction of the respondents in the

implementation of crime prevention strategies of PNP in Pililla, Rizal.

Recommendations

In the light of the findings and conclusions, the following recommendation were

hereby formulated:

1. The Philippine National Police may design additional programs to show the

community about their drive in preventing crimes as to increase the

satisfaction of the residence in the barangay.

2. The Philippine National Police should improve more their interactions with

the community to improve their partnership with the residence especially in

implementing safe and order in their barangay.

3. The community should initiates having consistent interactions and

communications with the Philippine National Police especially in improving

the safety measure drives of the Pililla Police Force.

 115

4. The barangay officials should act as mediator between the Pililla Police

Force and the community to ensure the good relationships for the good

safety of the community.

5. The PNP Pililla, Rizal should consider innovations of their tools and

equipment in their operations for more effectivity and efficiency.

6. The PNP Pililla Rizal should conduct forums with barangay leaders to share

their plans and to get support from the community to ensure that their

strategies will work effectively.

7. Future researchers may conduct the same study using larger respondents

and a broader circle of questions pertaining to the level of satisfaction of the

community in the implementation of crime prevention services of police

authority.