MODULE WEEK NO.

2
Valencia Colleges (Buk) Inc.
Hagkol, Valencia City
Valencia_colleges@yahoo.com

NSTP 2: National Service Training Program

Second Semester of A.Y. 2020-2021
NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

Introduction

The National Service Training Program 2 complements the knowledge learned from NSTP 1.
As a pre-requisite it is designed to empower student with the foundation of community
projects, its planning and implementation through the project’s advocacies which can
contribute to the general welfare and can improve the quality of life of people in the
community.

Rationale

The topic shall provide ways for students to analyze the functions of communities in terms
of structures, dynamics and processes.

Intended Learning Outcomes

A. Identify the elements of community and its structure.

B. Explain leadership and leadership styles.

Activity

What are the community structure?

Discussion
Structures of Communities

The social structure pertains to the interrelations of behaviors, roles, and

statuses which constitute a stable network of social interactions and relations (Delos
Santos, 2017). What does this mean? The social structure refers to the shared
relationships within the community. The choices and actions of people in a community
can either contribute to its development or destruction.

The political structure is defined not just a by the government, but also by
1
Crafted by Mrs. Leah T. Orizal
 MODULE WEEK NO.2
groups, other institutions, pressure groups, social movements, and people as parts of
the political landscape (Delos Santos, 2017). In the Philippines, the barangay is the first
level where people directly tell their concerns. It is where people can be gathered
together and does various projects. The barangay and its leaders work hand in hand for
the betterment of the community.
NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

The economic structure is a term that describes the system of production,

distribution and consumption in a community. The products, goods and services that are
available in a community can greatly help its people.

Aside from social, political and economic structures, one must take a look at the
environmental structures. The environment plays an important role in our life. How’s our
environment now?
One cannot forget the typhoon “Sendong” last December 2011 that struck Northern
Mindanao. There were people killed, missing family members, and destroyed homes.
Everyone was affected. We cannot pin point whom to blame. But one thing is for sure,
each of us has the responsibility to take care of our environment.
Community Power

Power in a community is the ability to affect the decision-making process and the
use of resources, both public and private, within a community

What are the sources of Community Power? The eight sources of community
power namely- Connections, Power in Number, Rewards, Personal Traits/Expertise,
Legitimate Power, Information and Coercion. (USDA Natural Resources Conservation
Service, 2005)

a. Connections refer to the ability to build helpful relationships with other influential
individuals, families and organizations within a community.
b. Power in number is the support of the people in a community.
c. Rewards refer to the ability to give money, recognition, or gifts.
d. Personal traits are an individual’s creativity, charm, leadership abilities or some
combination of these characteristics can foster the respect and loyalty of others
e. Legitimate power is the position (office, title) of the leader in an institution or
community.

2
Crafted by Mrs. Leah T. Orizal
 MODULE WEEK NO.2
f. Expertise is the mastery of knowledge, skill, and talent, combined with respect
for the skill.
g. Information refers to the ability to keep or share information.
Coercion is the attempt to influence others using force or manipulation
Leadership
NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

Leadership is not one-shot deal. It undergoes a process of influencing the people

around you. It is when a certain person gains the confidence, trust, and support of
others in achieving a certain goal.
A person who becomes a leader is a unique person. The leadership style one
leader practices may be different from the other leaders. Hence, we will be discovering
nine leadership styles namely – Transformational, Transactional, Servant, Autocratic,
Laissez-faire, Democratic, Bureaucratic, Charismatic and Situational.

Let us take a closer look of each of the leadership styles.

a. Transformational Leadership is typically a leader who inspires staff through

effective communication. This means that the leader has a great impact on the
life of his followers. This leadership style may help his/her followers to change
their ways of thinking, feeling and doing.
b. Transactional Leadership is a leadership style when leaders offer an
exchange; they reward good performances, while punishing bad practice. The
leader gives something to his members as a consequence of their actions. If
members do well, then a reward awaits them but if it is not, expect for a
punishment.
c. Servant Leadership prefers power-sharing models of authority, prioritizing the
needs of their team and encouraging collective decision-making. The leader
chooses to be with the team and for the team. He/she would not step one foot
ahead of his/her member. There is a tendency that some of his/her members
would overpower him/her.
d. Autocratic Leadership has significant control over staff and rarely considers
worker suggestions or share power. This means that the leader most of the time
dictates and will act as a boss to his/her members without considering the
opinions of people around him. This leadership entails mere obedience to the
3
Crafted by Mrs. Leah T. Orizal
 MODULE WEEK NO.2
leader.
e. Laissez-faire leadership is characterized by their hands-off approach, allowing
employees to get on with tasks as they see fit. This tells us that the leader will
just let his/her members to do their tasks on their own with less supervision.
Democratic leadership is also known as participative leadership. This means
NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

that leaders often ask for input from team members before making a final
decision. The leader considers the opinion, ideas, and decision of the majority
before coming up with a final decision.

f. Bureaucratic leadership is often implemented in highly regulated or

administrative environments, where adherence to the rules and a defined
hierarchy are important. The leader always makes sure that the members strictly
observe or follow the rules or prescriptions being implemented.
g. Charismatic leadership depends greatly on the charm and personality of the
leader. The leader gets the attention and trust of the member by his/her look,
appeal and personality. Moreover, the leader creates an impact right away by
his/her presence.
h. Situational leadership makes use of different leadership styles depending on
the situation he/she faces. The leader is flexible in his leadership style as he/she
encounters in an environment.

Exercise

Instruction: Fill in the blanks.

________________1. has significant control over staff and rarely considers worker
suggestions or share power
_______________ 2. prefers power-sharing models of authority, prioritizing the needs of
their team and encouraging collective decision-making.
_______________3. is typically a leader who inspires staff through effective
communication.
_______________ 4 is a leadership style when leaders offer an exchange; they reward
good performances, while punishing bad practice. The leader gives something to his
members as a consequence of their actions.
________________ 5 refer to the ability to give money, recognition, or gifts.
_________________6. refer to the ability to build helpful relationships with other
influential individuals, families and organizations within a community.
_________________7 is the mastery of knowledge, skill, and talent, combined with
respect for the skill.
________________ 8 is a term that describes the system of production, distribution and
4
Crafted by Mrs. Leah T. Orizal
 MODULE WEEK NO.2
consumption in a community.
________________9. pertains to the interrelations of behaviors, roles, and statuses
which constitute a stable network of social interactions and relations.
________________10. is the support of the people in a community.
NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM

Reflection

Essay
1. As a member of the barangay, what can you contribute for the betterment of the
barangay in terms of its social, political, economic and environmental structures?
2. There are different leadership styles. Which type of leadership style do you think is
effective in your community? Why did you choose that leadership style?

Resources and Additional Resources

5
Crafted by Mrs. Leah T. Orizal