BASEMENT

STUDY
BUILDING
TECHNOLOGY SEM 7

SHIVAM PATIL , 44
INTRODUCTION

● The basement of a building is a floor built partly or completely below ground level.
● the lowest storey of a building, below the main floor and wholly or partly below the surface of the
ground

● Any floor which at some point is more than

1.2m below the highest level of ground
adjacent to the external walls may be classed
as a basement.
● Basement are common in large and tall
buildings and often used as car parks ,stores
,underground shopping complexes etc,
● The main function of the basement in the
building is to provide additional space for
the owner
 TYPES OF BASEMENT

Shallow Basements
● A basement may be described as shallow when its
lowest floor is not more than 10m below the
firefighting access level.
● Shallow basement is an architectural term for a
basement of a building that is half below the ground
rather than entirely such as true basement
● shallow basements are the more economical of the
two types.
● They don’t require much in the way of digging or
boring into the earth and for that reason, they are the
most common.

Deep Basements
● Deep basements can be observed in the huge
buildings such as apartments and commercial
buildings ,offices etc
● Most commonly deep basements are used for
parking and storage purpose
● Deep basement can span for multiple floors below
ground level
● These basements also provide space for the services
such as drainage , electrical ducts, etc
 TYPES OF BASEMENT (According To The Material)

Masonry wall
Introduction
● Brick masonry walls are not commonly used as a
basement wall but it can be constructed to serve this
purpose.
● Brick masonry basement can be seen in small scale
projects
● Brick masonry basement is used in household and
small apartments serving the purpose of storage or
the service area such as laundry and other things

Construction process
● Prior to laying the first course of masonry, the top of
the footing must be cleaned of mud, dirt, or other
materials
● Masons typically lay the corners of a basement first
so that alignment is easily maintained.
● To make up for surface irregularities in the footing,
the first course of masonry is set on a mortar bed
● When joint reinforcement is used, it should be
placed directly on the block with mortar placed over
the reinforcement in the usual method.
● For added safety against corrosion, hot dipped
galvanized joint reinforcement is recommended.
 Poured Concrete Wall

Introduction
● Poured concrete basements are probably the most common
type construction.
● It’s sturdy and simple.
● Poured concrete basement construction begins with the
pouring of a footing for the foundation.
● Forms are used to hold the wall in place as they dry. This
results in strong basement walls that don’t typically cause
many problems

Comparative Analysis
● Poured concrete walls are a lot stronger than block walls
● They don’t have joints like the ones found between blocks.
The only joint found in poured concrete basements is the
cove joint. This is where the floor meets the wall, and the
wall sits on top of the footing
● There will be resistance against premature leaking or
cracks.
● On the downside, poured cement walls can be more
expensive than block walls when cement prep and
production are far from the site.
● They Are Low Maintenance
 Precast wall panels

● Precast concrete units are increasingly used as a form of

basement construction and provide an excellent support
for waterproof membranes
● Precast sections can be fabricated to specific design
requirements for just-in-time delivery, providing rapid
on-site construction, integrated water bars, low site
waste and high quality finishes.
● Precast foundation walls simplify basement
construction, save time and money,
● The walls comprise high-strength concrete panels
manufactured off site.
● Each panel contains solid concrete studs for load-bearing
support and a built-in concrete footing.
● Some panels include rigid insulation to keep the
basement warmer and rebar and polypropylene fibers
for strength.
● Walls can be customized by project to allow for door and
window openings, steel-beam pockets and brick ledges.
● features such as built-in access for wiring and plumbing
and wood or steel nailers for easy drywall installation are
available
● Panels range in size from 2 to 12 feet wide by 8 to 12 feet
high to accommodate a variety of basement
configurations.