ilk 7 AAR, ae = Identify inceatng and decreasing functions Se] * Find stationary points of functions and determin thelr ate “pee racers te gadanfelulla pen nein os psa sf ‘Model real-life stuations with differentiation soem 1c) may Dierentate: abst Te? cast az & Find Fx for each ofthe following: Diferentiation is part atone yess bw hove ante Sty PSeaae ea Ue = most power alsin WE thematic Youll Use dlerentiaton in rmechanis to mode ates of change sch a sped crn gery and acceleration, ere Sectonss Find Fen foreach ofthe folowing: a foy=3at bine teex-7oes Gin Increasing and decreasing functions You can we the derivative to determine whether function CSSD rs:> ofocatvaues * The function) increasing on the terval (a4) etry ness youd iF)» Oforal values ofx such that a 24a ea att 855 O forall rel vas of x 50 Bx! + 24 > 0 lor a real vals of 5 | 50 His increasing fora real voles o teerise 1 Find the values of» for which fy) i an increasing function, given that f(x) equals a 348042 b4ya3st € $-8¢-287 2:3 1532 4 36y ededeaeew £ Sxt4 126 2 tare hae 2. Find the value of for which (x) isa decreasing Function, given that fx) equals 9x be e4a2r- | a 23s 12x 1-21re9 ted ge vieort bsor3 @® 5 show thatthe finsion 0) =4 36 @® 4 «Given thatthe faction fs) = 2+ pc isneeasing onthe interval 1, 1, ad one posible alu fo p. @mris) b Sat with jusieton wheter hs isthe ony posse vale for p. mark) 3) is decreasing for all x € B. marks)Ein Teac @® Saationary points ‘A stathonary point ona curves any point where the cuve has gradient zero, You can determine ‘whether a stationary pont i a loeal maximum 2 local minimum ora point of inflection by looking _at the gradient ofthe curve on ether side + Any point onthe cue y=f(x) where F(x) =0|scalleda stationary pint. Fra small postive wer [Type of stationary .oint | etx— Mm | fix) | ecx+h | — QEESEDD the pluatot Local maximum Positive | 0 | Negative roasts wenn anc the, tcl [ie [0 Pai rentnteam Pose te [eee | [rosea ite rosie | 0 | Posie Point is local CED rein iscaes cal maximum becuse Thecrige Ismet lgest vate isapomtot A funtion can tke, the infection — Point 8 faret auc tt nmedate isalecal erty theare ret.ac EMA EMD corer 1 Find the coordinates of the stationary point on the curve with equation y=.x4~ 30 » By considering points on ether sie ofthe stationary point, determine whether its local ‘maximum, a local minimum or a point of inflection 3 yew ee - —| ate and et =o a Dierenate nd ie ave se | — Sole the equation find the value of x Substitute he value of x io the orignal uation of the vole 302.48) stat onry pont Now conser the grater once ize Hala ale whee youconseavau shy ore naa lettondardavabe tral gesternon2 [ume J a [otx “ wee] ane | Calculate the gradient for each of these values of [ewsow | 22% _,[ 0 [Some] Ls ehsete soy pie Bipe — Dede te shape of he ive le “ PS Saez ia = trem hinge teen pone, A nner Ete, B i socal wim pot technology, In some cases you can use the second derivative (x), to determine the nature ofa statlonay pont. * Hf function fx has stationary polt when cma, then: —— @UEDD 9 cesyou the rate + IF Pa) > 0, the point i local minimum of ehange ofthe gratnt function When Fs) =0 + IF (a) <0, the points local maximum pea sareieen IF F(@) =0, the point could bea local minimum, a local Increasing from a negative maximum ora point of inflection. You will need to look at ‘olue to postive value, points on ether side to determi sete satay possDIFFERENTIATION. Clue GED) BD oor ‘Find the coordinates of the stationary points onthe curve with equation reer) 1 seit to determine the nature af the stationery points go cessorse | [na TR ert eS _ es Miiranecer TT = Seen secre natant ptacweieay xaos eas 0 a sone anrpaus os a mace Diterenat gain to obtain the second sdethative Sut x1 and inthe second dervate xpesion bese erties negate then the pit oe maxim pol. titi postive then te pit et inom So (4.10) is 0 fed eiimom point._} cata Ea ax) 1 Theeunewitequntony 2 427sPhasstaonay pois atx= a Fate af When & sch hepa of y= Wt tte & moto deteine te connate ofthe stationary points Youneestoconerthe postive tnd agate roots Hs BG) x Darcd [osty ears score 2s cee ——| RESORTS a = [| cts stony paar tee 427(-$)"=-4 5 | theirnatures oierentiate your expresion fr 3 | esta | + 1¢2(-4) = -108 ging hich ean andra tothe egaion Sotnecne ts eesimaimum a (-4.~4).. Gf ane wd te coordhaes othe wen Salen pos - 4 t ~ ED Setanta fa & =108 caledaon whichis postive Sothe cove has a earnest ($4). | Lose y0sor-disanagmptteet met or mpaptcta wee =a + — 25m poten en ie ark the coordinates the stationary polis on your seth and label the core with ts equation nen 21 totic spose EID ccm ID teeciporst reer Pape Nigesemen Soren € fi) =6+x1-x) Reese valet Fe,cud Cas 3 Find the coordinates of the points where the gradient is zero fon the curves with the given equations. Establish whether these points are lal maximum points local minimum points or points of inflection ineach case byedex~ Poxtexel iE 2458 eyertt + hyexle-6 fyext-ie 4 Sketch ihe curves with equations given in question 3 pars a,b eand d, labelling any stationary Points with thei coordinates, © 5 By considering the gradient on cther sid ofthe stationary point on he curve 303, show that this points a point of infection. Steichihe cure y= = 3354 36 © 6 Find she maximum ale and hence the range of values forthe Fanton fs) @7 Wyas4d0-50-3041 (IED se he tte theorem 4 Find the coordinate of the stationary points off), "sth srl poste ep tnd determine the nature of ch, Value ota fd one ato by Sech the graph of y= (3). ff she Pue2 secon 2 (@) Sketching gradient functions You can usethe features ofa given function to sketch the F ceespending gradient function This table shows you Features of the graph of function, y= f(x, andthe graph of its gradient function,» = (9), at corresponding values of x Maximum or miniman Point of eu Posive gradient Negative gradient Below the ans Vertical asymptote ‘eri sym Torsontal agmptei | Hovzontal asymp ax : yetts) ‘The diagram shows the curve with equation y= fx). ‘The curve has stationary points at (-1, 4) and (1,0), a9] and cuts the x-axis at (3,0). Sketch the pradient function, y= f(x), showing the 0 is such that fayest-20h 4 Find the vale of (x) atx = (Amarks) 'b Prove that san increasing function marks)Ga @4 Cran ‘A.curve has equation y= x°~ 63? + 9x, Find the coordinates of its local maximum. (4 marks) Fix) = 3x4 899 6x8 +24 + 20 1 Find the coordinates of the stationary points of fx), and determine the nature of each of them. b Sketch the graph of y = fhe Tedngnn shows pao icunewiheenon Pinte Testo -22- x30 Theeaneete nae ons 4nd C Tepe Bien ot iecne ener mis) © Uryeuranserio at tect ona anni) The diagram shows the prt of the curve with equation y= § =| for which y>0 ’ “The points, les on the curve and Othe ori 1 Show that OP2=f.c'=432+ 25, (marks) oa Taking) = y= 42425: b Find the values of x for which (s)=0, (4 marks) «Hence, or otherwise, find the minimum distance From 0 tothe curve, showing tha your answers a 3 a maimum. (marks) ‘The diagram shows part of the curve with ‘equation =3 + Sx-+3°-¥. Thecune touches the sais at 4 and crosses the svaxisat C.The points and Bare stationary points on the curve. 1 Show that Chas coordinates (3,0). (U mark) Using calculus and showing all your working, Find the coordinates of A and B. (Smaris) “The motion of a damped spring is modelled using this erp, (Ona sparate graph, sketch the gradient function {for thismodel. Choose suitable labels and units for each axis, and indicate the coordinates of ny peints where the gradient function crosses the horizontal axis Ditcement en) ow a Tine scons) rmEyCnaca 10 Ou ‘The volume, Ven?, of atin of radius rem is given by the formula V = (40r ~~ 9) Find he posite vaca wch =a thea Fh Ccrooss towel “The total surfuce area, dem, of a eylinder with a fixed volume of 1000cm? is given 2000, sere xem is the radius. Show that when the rate 30 by the formula A = 2m? of change of the area with respect tothe radiusis ze, x3 ‘A wires bent into the plane shape ABCDE asshown. Shape 2 ‘ABDE ‘sa rectangle and BCD isa semicircle with diameter BD. ‘The area ofthe epion enclosed by the wire is Rt, AE = x metres, and 4B = ED = y metres, The total length of the wire is 2m, 2 Find an expression for yin terms of x mars) bb Prove that R= 2(8—4x~ z), (marks) Given that can vary using calculus and showing your working: 5 € ind the maximum value of 8. (You do not have to prove that the value you obtain i maximum.) A oylndrcal biscuit tn has close-ting lid which overlaps the tin by Tem, a8 shoven. The radi of the tin and the lid aze both vem ‘The tin and the id are made from a thin shet of metal of area 80cm? and there is no wastage. The volume of the in is Ven 4 Show that 7=2(40r ~ x2~). (Smarks) (Given thats an vary 1 use differentiation to find the positive value of » for which Vs stationary. marks) « Prove that this value of x gives a maximum value of ¥. (2 maeks) 4 Find this maximum value of ¥. (1 mark) € Determine the percentage of the sheet metal used in the lid when Visa maximum, ‘The diagram shows an ope tank for storing wae - ABCOEP. The sides ABFE and CDEF are etangles ‘The triangular ends ADE and BCF are isosceles, a and 2AED= 2BFC =50°.The ends ADE and BCF are vertical and EFis horizontal Given that AD = vmeires 4 show that the area of tingle ADEs xm? ¥ Gnas) Given also thatthe capacity ofthe containers 400 man tha the ota area ofthe two trangulae and two rectangular sides ofthe conse is Sn? ¥ show i S25 16000 (marks)id Co Given that x can vary «use calelus o find the minimum value of S (marie) 4 justty tha the value of you nave found isa minimum. Qmaris) ‘Define functions that ae 2 both increasing ad decreasing for allx ER 1b srt increasing on (0,1 and strety decreasing on (1,2) -¢Ineresing for 0 0, the point sa lcal minimum IF (@) <0, the points a local maximum, 1F@) = 0, the point could be a local minimum, a local maximum oa point af inflection You will need to look at points on either side to determine ts nature. 151