INSIGHTS DAILY

CURRENT
AFFAIRS + PIB
SUMMARY
7 JULY 2022

WWW.INSIGHTSONINDIA.COM
 [Mission 2022] INSIGHTS DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS + PIB SUMMARY 7 JULY 2022
IT Act sec 69A: when social
media content is blocked
Syllabus: Indian Constitution- historical
underpinnings, evolution, features,
amendments, significant provisions and
basic structure.
Context: Twitter initiated legal action against
some of the government missives ordering it
to take down certain content
Section 69 (A) of the Information
Technology Act: Section 69 (A) of the IT
Act, 2000 allows the Centre to issue blocking
orders to social media intermediaries.
Blocking order can be issued only for:
Interest of sovereignty and integrity of
India
defence of India
security of the state
friendly relations with foreign states
public order
For preventing incitement to the
commission of any cognisable offence
relating to the above.
Process: Any request made by the
government is sent to a review committee,
which then issues these directions. Blocking
orders issued under Section 69 (A) of the IT
Act are typically confidential in nature.
Why has Twitter filed the lawsuit?
Twitter has claimed that many of the
blocking orders are procedurally and
substantively deficient under Section 69
(A) of the Act:
g., Not giving prior notice to users
before taking down content posted by
them.
MeitY has failed to demonstrate how
some of the content it wants taken
down falls under the purview of Section
69 (A).
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Some of the content flagged by the
ministry may pertain to official
accounts of political parties, blocking
which could be violative of the right
to free speech.
Insta Links
THE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ACT,
2000
Practice Questions:
Q. Discuss Section 66A of the IT Act, with
reference to its alleged violation of Article
19 of the Constitution. (UPSC CSE 2013)
Source: Indian Express
Governance: Digitization for
an inclusive society
Syllabus: Issues related to the development
of the social sector, healthcare, education,
human resources etc
Context:
Seven years since the launch of Digital
India (2015), Digital India Week is being
celebrated for emphasizing the ‘digital-first’
economy.
The ‘ ‘Digital India” programme was
launched to transform the country into a
“digitally empowered society and
knowledge economy”.
 [Mission 2022] INSIGHTS DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS + PIB SUMMARY 7 JULY 2022
Measures taken to link individuals to the
country’s digital ecosystem:
Jan Dhan-Aadhaar-Mobile (JAM)
initiative: It provides digital identities to
more than a billion Indian citizens.
Unified Payments Interface (UPI):
provides access to the country’s banking
system for millions of Indians who were
earlier excluded from the formal
economy.
WhatsApp: It sees itself as India’s
digital ally:
Working with the Self Employed
Women’s Association (SEWA)
during the pandemic
Women farmers in Kashmir used
WhatsApp to create an alternate
‘supply-chain’.
Connect with customers in Gujarat
to sell thousands of kilograms of
apples and cherries.
Digitization of businesses: Micro, small
and medium enterprises (MSMEs) are
the backbone of a resilient national
economy. About one-third to the
country’s gross domestic product (GDP).
Through WhatsApp for Business
App, millions of small businesses
grow their client base and revenue
streams.
Jeevan Handicrafts based in
Nagaur, Rajasthan, is an example of
the app being used to empower
local women artisans.
Payments and financial inclusion: The
adoption of digital payments on UPI has
fast-forwarded the pace of financial
literacy across the board, from urban
enthusiasm to rural need.
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WhatsApp’s pilot programme aims to
empower 500 villages across Karnataka
and Maharashtra with access to digital
payments through ‘payments on WhatsApp’
and will include on-ground facilitators
educating citizens on aspects such as
signing up for UPI, setting up a UPI account
and the best practices of safety while using
digital payments.
Citizen services for efficient e-
governance:
MyGov Corona Helpdesk chatbot on
WhatsApp in partnership with the
government, the chatbot has
become a one-stop solution for
accessing authentic covid-related
information and vaccination-related
resources.
MyGov Helpdesk now includes
‘Digilocker’ services, offering quick
access to official documents.
Insta Links:
Digital transformation
Practice Questions:
Q. Implementation of Information
Technology-based projects/programmes
usually suffers in terms of certain vital
factors. Identify these factors, and suggest
measures for their effective
implementation. (UPSC 2019)
Q. In India, the term “public key
infrastructure” is used in the context of
(UPSC 2020)
a. Digital technology
b. Food security infrastructure
c. Healthcare and education infrastructure
d. Telecommunication and transportation
infrastructure
 [Mission 2022] INSIGHTS DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS + PIB SUMMARY 7 JULY 2022
Ans: (a)
Justification:
Public Key Infrastructure (PKI):
It is a technology for authenticating
devices and users in the digital world.
The basic idea behind PKI is to have one
or more trusted parties digitally sign
documents certifying that a particular
cryptographic key belongs to a
particular user or device.
Source: Live mint
Odisha tops State ranking
for implementation of the
National Food Security Act
Syllabus: Issues related to poverty and
hunger, schemes for the vulnerable
sections of society etc
Context:
Union Food and Consumer Affairs Minister
released the ‘State Ranking Index for NFSA’
2022 during a conference of State Food
Ministers on ‘Food and Nutrition Security of
India’.
Findings:
Odisha is in the first position, followed
by Uttar Pradesh and Andhra Pradesh.
Among the special category States (the
Northeastern States, Himalayan States,
and the Island States), Tripura has
obtained the first rank. Himachal
Pradesh and Sikkim are in the second
and third positions.
Most states and UTs fared well: The
findings from the exercise revealed that
most States and Union Territories have
fared well in digitisation, Aadhaar
seeding, and ePoS installation, which
reiterates the strength and scale of the
reforms.
shortage of grain production. Comment.
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Improvement needed in certain areas:
States and Union Territories have to
improve their performance in a few
areas:
Exercises, such as conducting and
documenting social audits
thoroughly.
Operationalising functions of State
food commissions across States
and Union Territories.
Significance of the Index:
It measures the effectiveness of NFSA:
The current version of the Index
measures the effectiveness of NFSA
implementation majorly through
operations and initiatives under TPDS
(Targeted Public Distribution System).
Will lead to the healthy competition:
Ranking will lead to healthy competition
among States under the NFSA, also
known as the food law, under which the
Centre provides highly subsidized
foodgrains to nearly 80 crore people.
The government provides 5 kg of
food grains per person per month at
₹1-3 per kg.
Key Issues:
It does not cover programs and
schemes implemented by other
ministries and departments under the
NFSA.
The Index denotes only the efficiency of
TPDS operations, it does not reflect the
level of hunger, if any or malnutrition, or
both, in a particular state or union
territory, the report clarified.
The Index focuses on NFSA and TPDS
reforms, which can be standardized
across the States and Union Territories.
Insta Links:
NFSA
Practice Questions:
Q. The real challenge to India’s food security
is poor grain management rather than a
 [Mission 2022] INSIGHTS DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS + PIB SUMMARY 7 JULY 2022
Q. With reference to National Food Security
Act, consider the following statements:
1. Food grains under TPDS will be made
available at subsidized prices of Rs.
3/2/1 per kg for rice, wheat and coarse
grains.
2. Grievance redressal mechanism is
available at the National and State level
only
Which of the statements given above is/are
not correct?
a. 1 only
b. 2 only
c. Both 1 and 2
d. Neither 1 nor 2
Ans: (b)
Justification:
Food grains under TPDS will be made
available at subsidized prices of Rs.
3/2/1 per kg for rice, wheat and coarse
grains.
Identification of Households: The
identification of eligible households is to
be done by States/UTs under TDPS
determined for each State.
Grievance redressal mechanisms are
available at the District and State levels.
Source: The Hindu
Caste census: Constitution
and power of states to hold
such enumeration of the
population
Syllabus: Important aspects of governance,
issues related to the development of the
social sector etc
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Context:
Several parties have been pushing for a
nationwide ‘caste census’ to enumerate
the Socially Economically Backward
Classes and OBCs.
The caste-based parties argue that
although the Mandal Commission
estimated the OBC population at 52%, in
the absence of reliable data, the
backward classes are losing out on
welfare schemes and programmes
meant for them.
The decennial census is conducted by
the Census Commissioner of India
under the Census of India Act, 1948.
Key Highlights:
The state does not have the power to
conduct a censu
The states can collect data or
headcount of the population for the
implementation of welfare schemes or
other purposes.
This may be done either under existing
state legislation and rules or new
legislation may be enacted under item
45 of List III (Concurrent List) of the
Seventh Schedule of the Constitution
for socio-economic development of the
state.”
The central government accepted
recommendations to use the Socio-
Economic Caste Census in 2017:
 [Mission 2022] INSIGHTS DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS + PIB SUMMARY 7 JULY 2022
It will help in the identification of
beneficiaries and transferring of
funds for social schemes.
It aims to bring out the unseen
aspects of caste groups and their
share in resources.
Other News: Sub-categorization of OBC
Sub-categorisation of OBCs:
OBCs are granted 27% reservation in
jobs and education under the central
government.
The argument for sub-categorisation or
creating categories within OBCs for
reservation is that it would ensure
“equitable distribution” of
representation among all OBC
communities.
Rohini Commission was constituted on
October 2, 2017.
Before the Rohini Commission was set
up, the Centre had granted
constitutional status to the National
Commission for Backward Classes
(NCBC).
Rohini Commission’s terms of reference:
To examine the extent of inequitable
distribution of benefits of reservation
among the castes or communities
included in the broad category of OBCs
with reference to such classes included
in the Central List.
To work out the mechanism, criteria,
norms and parameters in a scientific
approach for sub-categorisation within
such OBCs.
To take up the exercise of identifying
the respective castes or communities or
sub-castes or synonyms in the Central
List of OBCs and classifying them into
their respective sub-categories.
To study the various entries in the Central
List of OBCs and recommend correction of
any repetitions, ambiguities, inconsistencies
and errors of spelling or transcription.
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Insta Links:
National Commission for Backward
Classes
Practice Questions:
Q. Sub-categorization of Backward
classes is needed in India for more
inclusive and affirmative action.
Discuss. (10M)
Q. With reference to National
Commission for Backward
Classes(NCBCs), consider the
following statements:
The constitution provides that the
President, in consultation with the
governor, would specify the socially
and educationally backward
classes.
The NCBC presents an annual report
to the Parliament.
Which of the statements given
above is/are correct?
a. 1 only
b. 2 only
c. Both 1 and 2
d. Neither 1 nor 2
Ans: (a)
Justification:
Article 342A says that the president,
in consultation with the governor,
would specify the socially and
educationally backward classes.
The NCBC will be required to present
annual reports to the President on
working of the safeguards for
backward classes.
These reports will be tabled in
Parliament, and in the state
legislative assemblies of the
concerned states.
Source: New Indian Express, Indian
Express
 [Mission 2022] INSIGHTS DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS + PIB SUMMARY 7 JULY 2022
The Markets in Crypto-
Assets (MiCA)
Syllabus: Effects of liberalisation on the
economy (post-1991 changes), changes
in industrial policy and their effects on
industrial growth.
Context:
Recently, EU Parliament agreed upon a
new law Markets in Crypto-Assets
(MiCA) to regulate cryptocurrencies.
Recent issues: Stablecoins came in
question after the crash of Terraform
Labs’ Luna token.
About MiCA:
It seeks to address concerns like
money-laundering, protection of
consumers and investors,
accountability of crypto firms,
stablecoins and the environmental
footprint of crypto mining.
It excludes NFT (non-fungible
tokens)
Provisions:
Minimum Liquidity: MiCA would
mandate currencies like stablecoin
issuers to maintain minimum
liquidity to provide for sudden large
withdrawals by users, and the
reserves must also be protected
from insolvency.
Supervision: The European Banking  user controls.
Authority (EBA) has been brought in
to supervise stablecoins, and the
law asks stablecoin issuers to
provide claims to investors free of  3. Applications that depend on basic
charge. In addition,
Capping: Large coins which are
used as a means of payment will be
capped at €200 million worth of
transactions per day.
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Public register: MiCA requires the EBA
to maintain a public register of non-
compliant crypto asset service
providers (CASPs).
Mandatory to declare Environmental
footprint: Under MiCA, crypto
companies will be required to
declare their environmental and
climate footprint.
Indian regulation:
Through Tax: India levied a 30% tax
on income from the transfer of
cryptos from April and added a 1%
tax deduction at source from 1 July.
Wait and watch: Indian regulators
are also expected to consider rules
being developed in the US before
taking concrete decisions.
Insta Links
Basics: Cryptocurrency
Practice Questions:
Q. What is a cryptocurrency? Discuss
the need for the formulation of a clear,
constructive, and adaptive regulatory
environment for cryptocurrencies in
India. (15M)
Q. With reference to “Blockchain
Technology”, consider the following
statements: (UPSC CSE 2020)
1. It is a public ledger that everyone
can inspect, but which no single
2. The structure and design of
blockchain is such that all the data
in it are about cryptocurrency only.
features of blockchain can be
developed without anybody’s
permission.
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[Mission 2022] INSIGHTS DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS + PIB SUMMARY 7 JULY 2022

Which of the statements given above High financial stress: Despite

is/are correct? promising growth in account
(a) 1 only ownership and use, about half of
(b) 1 and 2 only adults in developing economies are
(c) 2 only worried about at least one area of
(d) 1 and 3 only financial stress e.g., an emergency
Answer: d fund for health.
Blockchain is a shared, immutable Low financial literacy: About two-
ledger that facilitates the process of thirds of unbanked adults said that
recording transactions and tracking if they opened an account
assets in a business network. An asset (excluding mobile money) at a
can be tangible (a house, car, cash, financial institution, they could not
land) or intangible (intellectual use it without help.
property, patents, copyrights, India-specific findings:
branding). It is free and can be used to Low access to formal banking in
develop several applications including India and there is a lack of trust.
cryptocurrency. Aadhar contributed to account
Source: Live Mint ownership in about 80% of adults
(from 35% in 2011)
World Bank releases Global Drop-in fraud and leakage:
Findex database 2021 Transitioning from cash to
Syllabus: Financial Inclusion biometric smart cards has reduced
leakage by 47% in pension
Context: payments.
World Bank’s Global Findex database
surveyed how people in 123 economies
use formal and informal financial
services e.g., cards, ATMs, mobile
phones, and the internet.
Global specific findings:
Account ownership: Globally, in
2021, 76 per cent of adults had an
account at a bank or regulated
institution such as a credit union,
microfinance institution, or a
mobile money service provider
Women empowerment: Mobile
money has become an important
enabler of financial inclusion—
especially for women e.g., in Sub-
Saharan Africa

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[Mission 2022] INSIGHTS DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS + PIB SUMMARY 7 JULY 2022
Financial Inclusion
Financial inclusion means that
individuals and businesses have
access to useful and affordable
financial products and services that
meet their needs – transactions,
payments, savings, credit and
insurance – delivered in a responsible
and sustainable way.
Financial inclusion has been
identified as an enabler for 7 of the
17 Sustainable Development Goals.
The World Bank Group considers
financial inclusion a key enabler to
reduce extreme poverty and boost
shared prosperity.
Insta Links
How to boost financial inclusion
Practice Questions
Q. Financial inclusion is increasingly
being recognized as a key driver of
economic growth and poverty
alleviation the world over. Discuss the
efforts being made by India in this
direction. (250 Words)
Q. Consider the following statements:
(UPSC CSE 2017)
1. National Payments Corporation of
India (NPCI) helps in promoting
financial inclusion in the country
2. NPCI has launched RuPay, a card
payment scheme.
Which of the statements given above
is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither1 nor 2
Answer: C
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04
National Payments Corporation of India
(NPCI), an umbrella organisation for
operating retail payments and
settlement systems in India, is an
initiative of the Reserve Bank of India
(RBI) and the Indian Banks’ Association
(IBA) under the provisions of the
Payment and Settlement Systems Act,
2007. RuPay and other card payment
system comes under NPCI
Q. ‘The establishment of ‘Payment
Banks’ is being allowed in India to
promote financial inclusion. Which of
the following statements is/are correct
in this context? (UPSC CSE 2016)
Q. Mobile telephone companies and
supermarket chains that are owned
and controlled by residents are eligible
to be promoters of Payment Banks.
1. Payment Banks can issue both
credit cards and debit cards.
2. Payment Banks cannot undertake
lending activities.
Select the correct answer using the
code given below
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: B
A payments bank is like any other bank
but operates on a smaller scale
without involving any credit risk. In
simple words, it can carry out most
banking operations but can’t advance
loans (cannot lend) or issue credit
cards.

[Mission 2022] INSIGHTS DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS + PIB SUMMARY 7 JULY 2022
Q. Which one of the following statements
appropriately describes the “fiscal
stimulus”? (UPSC CSE 2011)
(a) It is a massive investment by the
Government in the manufacturing sector to
ensure the supply of goods to meet the
demand surge caused by rapid economic
growth
(b) It is an intense affirmative action of the
Government to boost economic activity in
the country
(c) It is the Government’s intensive action on
financial institutions to ensure the
disbursement of loans to agriculture and
allied sectors to promote greater food
production and contain food inflation
(d) It is an extreme affirmative action by the
Government to pursue its policy of financial,
inclusion
Answer: B
Fiscal stimulus refers to increasing
government consumption or transfers or
lowering taxes, increasing the rate of
growth of public debt. Supporters of
Keynesian economics assume the stimulus
will cause sufficient economic growth to fill
that gap partially or completely via the
multiplier effect.
Source: World Bank
RESPONSIBILITY OF
CELEBRITY ENDORSERS
Syllabus: Ethics in Public and
personal life
Context:
The Central Consumer Protection
Authority (CCPA) notified guidelines
for ‘Prevention of Misleading
Advertisements and Endorsements
for Misleading Advertisements,
2022’.
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05
The guidelines, brought in with
immediate effect, are applicable to all
forms of advertisements.
According to data released by AdEx
India, a division of TAM (Television
Audience Measurement) Media
Research, celebrity endorsements
saw a 44% rise in 2021 over 2020.
Celebrity endorsement: The use of
celebrities in order to increase the
sales and/ or the recall value of a
brand is called celebrity endorsement
Why are celebrities hired?
Brand endorsers impact the
buyers’ purchasing decisions
because of the celebrity’s
authority and/or relationship with
the audience.
Lazy marketing: When brand
endorsers don’t have an idea, so
they just hire celebrities as buyers
get influenced easily.
To increase the sales.
Unethical Aspects of Celebrity
Endorsement –
Authenticity: Usage of by famous
Celebrities may look unethical
when he is a non-user of the
product. Moreover, it is quite
complex to find out whether a
celebrity is a common user of the
product.
g: Sunny Deol endorsing Lux
Cozi undergarments or
Salman Khan endorsing
Lakhani chappals.
 [Mission 2022] INSIGHTS DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS + PIB SUMMARY 7 JULY 2022
Tarnished image: Celebrity
endorsements are unethical when the
people involved in any controversies in
their life endorse the product reflecting
their negative image poorly on the brand
so endorsed.
g Malayalam Actor Dileep who is
involved in sexual abuse case
endorses many products
Unsafe or ineffective product
endorsement: Unethical aspects pave
the way again when celebrities endorse
some products which are hazardous to
society.
g. Ajay Devgn endorsing tobacco
products (Vimal)
Compel to buy unwanted products:
There are chances wherein celebrities
indirectly drive consumers’ impulsive
buying behaviour resulting in the
purchase of unnecessary/harmful
products.
g Shah Rukh Khan endorsed Pepsi (
tagline as ye Dil mange more)
Misleading information: when
celebrities say something deceptive /
make false claims then the
endorsement is lacking in ethics.
g Fair and Lovely are endorsed by
many celebrities as skin whitening
creams.
Conflict of interest: when a particular ad
conflicts with the celebrity’s image,
principles, interests etc., the Celebrity is
totally money-minded, hence the ethical
implications can be very serious.
g. Akshay Kumar endorsed tobacco
products and got backlashed for it
later as he was against them.
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Override expert opinion: It is especially
unethical when a celebrity endorsement
overtakes the expert judgment. i.e.
when he interjects his non-expert
opinion he undermines the opinion of
more qualified individuals.
g Bollywood celebrities criticising
recent judge’s remark on Nuppur
Sharma case
Content for mains
Enrichment (Ethics/Essay):
Nupi Keithel: The Mothers’
Movement of Manipur
In Manipur, Nupi Keithel is popularly known
as Ima Market. 500-Year-Old Market with
over 5000 Traders, all women. An unique
symbol of Manipur’s history, Ima Keithel
(which translates to ‘mother’s market’) is
believed to be the largest all-women market
in Asia, and possibly the world.
The use of ima (mother) instead of women
is significant and not without reason; it
signifies that the women vendors here are
all married, or had been at one point in their
lives. Here women could organize
themselves and put up a united front in
times of economic, political or social crisis.
 [Mission 2022] INSIGHTS DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS + PIB SUMMARY 7 JULY 2022

Under National Education Policy 2020

toy-making will be introduced to
students from the sixth standard
onwards.
Exemptions: there are exemptions on
standardization for goods and articles
manufactured and sold by registered
local artisans

Sir Syed Ahmed Khan – Views Wooden toys (UP):

on Religious Harmony Wooden toys of Varanasi date back to
over 200 years.
The thorny issue of blasphemy repeatedly
surfaced in 19th and 20th-century India, and
Sir Syed and Azad, known proponents of
contrary political ideologies, tried to promote
religious harmony.
For Sir Syed, blasphemy does not call for
violent and loud protest and requires
nothing short of a rational rejoinder. It
means one responds to books with books,
words with words. Banning or burning books
offers no solution (“kitab ka jawab kitab hai
kitab jalana nahi”).
One must not try to settle the issue by
himself. Anything aimed at denouncing or
despising other religions must not find its
Mitti ke khilone (RJ)- Clay toy
way; the government must enact stringent
laws.

Facts For Prelims

Toys in India
Context: As per government data, toy import
in the country has come down by 70%. The
toy industry is primarily an unorganized
industry in India.
Government initiatives:
PM’s call on “Rebranding the Indian Toy
Story”
Toycathon 2021 was organised by the
Ministry of Education to conceptualise
toys/games based on Indian Civilisation.
National Action Plan for Indian Toy
Story to boost local manufacturing.

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 [Mission 2022] INSIGHTS DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS + PIB SUMMARY 7 JULY 2022
Etikoppaka bommalu (Andhra):
Traditional shapes of the toys include a
farmer with nagali, a bridal set, veena,
sannai melam, a spread of traditional
wedding sweets and more.
Choppu saman (TN): These wooden
toy sets of miniature kitchen utensils
come in different sizes and shapes,
polished at the edges and painted
bright.
Channapatna toys (Karnataka):
Channapatna toys are made from
natural products like wood and
natural vegetable dyes.
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10
Chankana, Ghuggu and Handwai (Punjab)
‘Indigenous’ status for five
communities
Context: The Assam government approved
the indigenous status of five Assamese
Muslim sub-groups- Gorias, Moriyas, Jolhas,
Deshis and Syeds sub-groups as indigenous
Assamese Muslim communities.
Significance:
Fulfil long-standing demand: The
‘indigenous’ status of Assamese-
speaking Muslim communities will
distinguish them from Bengali-speaking
Muslims, who migrated from East
Pakistan (now Bangladesh) to Assam.
Better benefits: The move will ensure
their development in health, cultural
identity, education, financial inclusion,
skill development and women
empowerment.
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11

Wolbachia bacteria The water from creeks are being diverted to

Context: Scientists at the Vector Control gaps in mangroves through fish bone
Research Centre (VCRC) of ICMR have shaped channels, so that the saline barren
cross-bred local Aedes aegypti mosquitoes land becomes fertile to support planted
(which transmit dengue, chikungunya and mangrove species. The shape allows the
zika virus) with mosquitoes that carry the water to reach every nook and corner of the
Wolbachia bacteria from Australia’s Monash area.
University. This technique is used to artificially inundate
About: areas that do not get regular tidal
Wolbachia bacteria blocks the inundation. By flooding dried-up wetlands
proliferation of harmful viruses but near the intertidal zones, new mangroves
doesn’t harm the mosquitoes can be reforested.
themselves
Wolbachia is a bug which is found in
60% of insects naturally. But in the
Aedes mosquito, this bug is in very low
frequencies.
The Wolbachia is maternally transmitted
from mother to offspring and gradually
spreads across the population. The
Wolbachia inhibits the multiplication of
the dengue virus when present in the
mosquitoes.

The fishbone channel

plantation method
Context:
The fishbone channel plantation method has
been used to revive mangroves in the
Krishna Wildlife Sanctuary in Andhra
Pradesh.

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