ROTATIONAL MOTION

Rigid Bodies

A particle is an idealized body that occupies only a single point in space, has mass and has no
internal structure.
- Dragster
A rigid body is a collection of particles linked by a light rigid framework. In other words, it is an
idealization of a solid body in which deformation is neglected.
- Cannot be deformed like Earth

TRANSLATION AND ROTATION

Translational Motion – linear motion (i.e.rectilinear and curvilinear motions)
- Either pa straight or lumiliko
Rotational Motion – rotary motion about an axis
- Umiikot, like earth spinning about its axis
Rolling Motion – combined rotation and translation
ANGLE

Dapat tandaan na quantity sa rotational motion ay Angle

- It is the ratio of the arc length to the radius of the circle
- If we divide arc length and radius, we get the angle
- Ang binibigay ng angle or radians ay ilang radius ang magfifit doon sa arc length
o Example: the angle is 13.5 radians, it means merong magfifit ng 13 at
kalahating radius doon sa arc length
TRANSLATIONAL AND ROTATIONAL QUANTITIES

Position – gaano ka kalayo sa origin

Vs.
Angular Position – sinusukat in terms of angle with respect sa horizontal (x) axis

Displacement – gaano kalayo ang initial at final position mo

Vs.
Angular Displacement – ano yung difference in angle ni angular position 1 and 2 (gaano kalayo
sa isa’t isa)

Velocity – kung gaaano ka kabilis (change in position with respect to time)

Vs.
Angular Velocity – angular position with respect to time (gaano ka kabilis mag rotate)
Angular Acceleration – gaano kabilis magbago yung angular velocity
TRANSLATION: SENSE AND DIRECTION OF ROTATION
To determine the direction of rotation, we use right hand rule.
- Kung saan nagrorotate yung body, doon magpopoint yung four finger niyo
- Kung saan nakapoint yung right thumb, doon yung direction ng rotation (direction
ng angular velocity)
TRANSLATIONAL AND ROTATIONAL QUANTITIES

- Sa isang body na nagrorotate, yung particles na bumubuo doon sa body ay nag

eexhibit ng translational motion (circular motion)
- Linear speed – speed of each particle na bumubuo sa isang body
o r is the distance of the particle from the center na nagrorotate na body
o omega is the angular velocity of the body
o Imumultiply lang to makukuha na ang linear speed
- Radial acceleration – accelaration of each particle towards the center of the rotating
body
o Multiply the distance of particle from the center x square of the angular
velocity of the rotating body

- Tangential acceleration – acceleration along its path (nagkakaroon lang ng ganito

kapag yung buong body ay may angular acceleration—pabilis ng pabilis or pabagal
ng pabagal)
o Multiply the distance of particle from the center and the angular
acceleration of rotating body
- 11g = 11 x 9.8 m/s2
- r/radius is yung layo niya mula sa center
- Centrifuge exhibit rotational motion while the astronaut exhibit translational
motion
- Sa b nag accelerate yung centrifuge from rest to 2.68 sa loob ng 120s
- Kapag nag accelerate ang centrifuge, ang astronaut ay mag a-accelerate along
the circular path
TRANSLATION AND ROTATION

- Uniform Angular Acceleration

o Valid itong equations na ito kapag ang isang rotating body ay merong constant
angular acceleration (constant na pabilis or pabagal yung rotation ng isang
body)
- Negative kasi yung rotation niya pabaliktad or clockwise rotation, pag Positive yung
angular velocity yung rotation niya pa counter clockwise.
- Yung angular acceleration nasa counterclockwise
- So dahil opposite sila sa isa’t isa ang ieexpect dito ay babagal ang rotation at kapag
zero na ang angular velocity mag shishift na siya ng rotation (clockwise to
counterclockwise)
A) Anong time siya makaka 5 revolution or 31.4 rad (from 0 rad)

- Tama yung T1 kasi wala namang negative na time T2

- Meaning to say yung grindstone ay mag eexhibit ng 5 revolution sa loob ng 31.91 s
B) So dahil opposite sila sa isa’t isa ang ieexpect dito ay babagal ang rotation at kapag zero na
ang angular velocity mag shishift na siya ng rotation (clockwise to counterclockwise)
MOMENT OF INERTIA, I

INERTIA – ability to stay at rest or motion

High Moment Of Inertia Of Rotating Body – Mahirap I Rotate Or Mahirap Patigilin
Ang Rotation
- Pag distributed ang mass mataas ang moment of intertia

Low Moment Of Inertia Of Rotating Body – Madali I Rotate Or Madali Patigilin Ang
Rotation
- Pag concentrated ang mass mababa ang moment of inertia
r is the distance from the rotation axis (yung araw na bilog sa left)
si unit ni moment of intertia ay kgm2
- Moment of inertia of different objects with homogenous mass (mass is evenly
distributed—walang magaan o mabigat na part)

- Slowest of them is the blue one (hollow circular object), fastest is the red one
(solid sphere)
- Ang pinakamabagal sakanila yun ang pinakamataas na moment of inertia (blue one
has the highest moment of inertia; red is the fastest so it has lowest moment of
intertia)
 - Analogous sa force sa translational motion

- Torque is a vector na may direction

o You can get this through multiplying the distance kung saan inapply yung
force mula sa rotational axis (r) x (f) amout of force x sin of teta

- Torque causes object to rotate or have angular acceleration

*Note: Linear momentum is analogous sa angular momentum (nagrorotate constant = radius x

momentum along the path x sin of teta)
- hindi na raw ito icocompute
- Pag walang force ang naga-act sa system para magkaroon ng acceleration sa rotation
conserved ang momentum as the system rotates.
A (unstable equilibrium) – kapag tinulak siya papunta sa left or right hindi na siya babalik sa
original position niya
B (stable equilibrium) - kapag tinulak siya papunta sa left or right siya babalik sa original
position niya
C (neutral equilibrium) – kapag tinulak siya papunta sa left or right magsstay lang siya sa
bagong position niya
- Habang hindi lumalampas yung line projected downward

- No acceleration and angular acceleration and also not rotating

- It will remain in a static equlibrium if forces is zero or balanced lahat nung forces na
nagaact sakanya
- Walang torque or balance lahat ng torque na magpapaikot sakanya