Milton Hershey Unit Study: Reading, History, Math, Entrepreneurship, Following Directions

Milton Hershey
Unit Study
Subjects:
Reading, History, Math,
Entrepreneurship, Following Directions
©2020 Randi Smith www.peanutbutterfishlessons.com

Teacher Instructions
Thank you for downloading our Milton Hershey Unit Study! It was created to be used
with the book: Who Was Milton Hershey? You may incorporate other books about Milton
Hershey, as well. Here is what is included in the study:
Pages 3-11: A Biography of Milton Hershey: Notetaking sheets with answer

key.
Pages 12-16: Timeline of Milton Hershey’s Life: Students may write on the
timeline or cut and glue events provided.
Page 17: Venn Diagram: Compare Milton Hershey and Willy Wonka.
Page 18: Turning Failure Into Success: Writing prompt to encourage

children how to learn from mistakes and turn them into
successes.
Pages 19-20: Candy Survey: Conduct a survey of people’s favorite candy.
Record data and create a bar graph based upon the data.
Pages 21-23: Complete the Business Plans: Use math skills to finish the
business plans and see how much these children will earn
making and selling new candy creations.
Pages 24-25: Your Business Plan: Now create your own candy creation and
design a business plan for it.
Pages 26-32: Hop the Kisses: A following direction game.
Also refer to our post, Milton Hershey’s FREE Unit Study, for:
1. Videos about Milton Hershey.
2. Videos about Hershey, PA.
3. All sorts of resources about chocolate!
You May Also Be
Interested In:
Credits

A Biography of Milton Hershey
Known For: ___________________________________________________
Birth: _____________________________________________
__________________________________________________
Family: ____________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
School: ____________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
Job at Ice Cream Shop: _______________________________

__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
First Business: ______________________________________

_______________________________________________________________
Where? ________________________________________________________
Start Up Money? _________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
What did he sell? ________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Was he successful? _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Name: ___________________

A Biography of Milton Hershey (cont.)
Colorado: __________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
Next Candy Business:

Where? ________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
What did he sell? ________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
First Candy Factory:

Where? ________________________________________________________
Start Up Money? _________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
What did he make? _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
What helped make his factory successful?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
How big did it become? ___________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

What inspired Milton Hershey to start making chocolate?:
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
What kind of chocolate did Hershey make?:

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Marriage:_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
What did Hershey build around his factory?:

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
How did he set up his new factory?:

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
What did Milton Hershey believe about being a

businessman?: _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

What new chocolate did the company start making in 1907?:
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
How did Milton change how candy was sold?:

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
The Hershey School:

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Hershey Park:
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
What did Milton do in memory of Kitty?:

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Cuba: _________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
World Wars: __________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

Some of Milton’s experiments:
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
Death: ________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
The Hershey Chocolate Company:

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

Answer Key
Answers may vary.
Known For: Created the Hershey Chocolate Company. Brought milk
chocolate to America.
Birth: September 13, 1857 in Hockersville, PA

Family: His parents were Henry and Fanny Hershey and they owned a
couple unsuccessful farms. He also had a sister, Sarena, who died at age 5
from scarlet fever. His mother eventually left their father.
School: Hershey went to a few different schools and had to drop out when
he was 12 to get a job.
Job at Ice Cream Shop: Started work at Royer’s Ice Cream Shop in
Lancaster, PA. He worked at the counter, but also experimented with his own
ideas while he worked there.
First Business: After 4 years at Royer’s shop, Milton opened his own shop.
Where? Philadelphia, PA
Start Up Money? Borrowed money from his aunt Mattie.
What did he sell? He sold candy he made himself, such as taffy and sugar
candy, along with fruit and ice cream.
Was he successful? Sales were good at first, but the store did not make a
profit and had to close.
Colorado: Hershey moved out to Colorado where his father lived. He

wanted to mine for gold, but it was gone by the time he arrived. He worked at
a candy shop that sold a new kind of caramel.
Name: ___________________

Answer Key (cont.)
Next Candy Business:
Where? New York City on Sixth Ave. near 42nd St.
What did he sell? Candy from jars.
Was he successful? He had to close because he started making cough drops
and the machines were expensive and he ended up losing the business.
First Candy Factory:

Where? Lancaster, PA
Start Up Money? Borrowed money from a bank.
What did he make? Caramels from the recipe he learned in Colorado.
Was he successful? Yes
What helped make his factory successful? He sold his candy in large batches
to stores and restaurants. There were cows near by to supply milk and electric
plants to power his factory.
How big did it become? It had two factories and 1300 workers.
What inspired Milton Hershey to start making chocolate?: At

the World’s Columbian Exposition in 1893, he saw a chocolate making factory
set up by a German company.
What kind of chocolate did Hershey make?:

Milk chocolate
Marriage Milton met Catherine “Kitty” Sweeney at a candy shop in 1897

and they started dating. They got married in 1898. He sold his caramel
company and he and Kitty traveled for awhile.
What did Hershey build around his factory?: He built a town

including houses, parks, a bank, a zoo, and schools.
How did he set up his new factory?: He set up assembly lines like
Henry Ford had.

Answer Key (cont.)
What did Milton Hershey believe about being a
businessman?: He felt that he should share his money and do for other
people what he would hope they would do for him. He felt the workers
should share in the company’s success.
What new chocolate did the company start making in 1907?:

Hershey’s Kisses, which were first called Sweethearts. It is thought the name
was changed to ‘Kiss’ because of the noise they made when they hit the
conveyor belt.
How did Milton change how candy was sold?:

Chocolate wasn’t just sold in candy shops any more. It was sold in drugstores,
grocery stores, restaurants, and gift shops.
The Hershey School:

Milton Hershey started a school for orphaned boys to give them the skills they
needed to get jobs. The boys lived with foster families in town.
Hershey Park:
It continued to grow and added a carousel, bowling alleys, concerts, ice
skating, and a miniature railroad. Today it is a large amusement park with
several rollercoasters.
What did Milton do in memory of Kitty?:

He gave all his stock from the Hershey Chocolate Company to the school
without telling anyone about it.
Cuba: In the 1920s and 30s, Milton spent half of his time in Cuba. He built a
factory there to process sugarcane and built houses for the workers.

Answer Key (cont.)
World Wars: The Hershey Company supplied chocolate to the troops.
During the second World War, they created one that didn’t melt as easily.
Some of Milton’s experiments: He tried gum, chocolate pie, different

kinds of muffins, candy with raisins and molasses, soap, ice cream without
milk, and vegetable flavored chocolate.
Death: Milton Hershey died in 1945 at the age of 88 from pneumonia.

The Hershey Chocolate Company:
The company still continues to make candy and has since added popular
candies such as Reese’s Peanut Butter Cups and has bought other brands such
as Twizzlers and Ice Breakers.

Timeline of Milton Hershey’s Life
Cut out and glue the events where they go on the timeline and/or write in the events you want to include.
1855 1865 1875 1880 1885

1885 1890 1895 1900 1905

1905 1910 1915 1925 1945

Events for the Timeline
1857 Milton Hershey born in Hockersville, PA. Milton Hershey born in Hockersville,
PA.
1867 Milton’s sister dies of scarlet fever. Milton’s sister dies of scarlet fever.
1870 Milton leaves school to go to work. Milton leaves school to go to work.
1872 Starts work at Royer’s Candy in Starts work at Royer’s Candy in
Lancaster, PA. Lancaster, PA.
1876 Milton opens his own candy shop in Milton opens his own candy shop in
Philadelphia. Philadelphia.
1882 Milton closes his candy shop. Milton closes his candy shop.
1882 Milton moves to Colorado. Milton moves to Colorado.
1883 Milton moves to New York City. Milton moves to New York City.
1884 Milton opens a candy shop in NYC. Milton opens a candy shop in NYC.
1886 Milton closes his store. Milton closes his store.
1886 Milton starts the Lancaster Caramel Milton starts the Lancaster Caramel
Company. Company.
1893 Milton attends the World’s Columbian Milton attends the World’s Columbian
Exposition. Exposition.
1898 Marries Catherine “Kitty” Sweeney. Marries Catherine “Kitty” Sweeney.
1900 Sells Lancaster Caramel Company. Sells Lancaster Caramel Company.

1903 Begins building Hershey chocolate Begins building Hershey chocolate
factory and town. factory and town.
1906 Town is officially named Hershey, PA. Town is officially named Hershey, PA.
1907 Hershey’s Kisses are invented. Hershey’s Kisses are invented.
1909 The Hershey Industrial School opens. The Hershey Industrial School opens.
1915 Kitty dies. Kitty dies.
1918 Milton gives all his stock in the Hershey Milton gives all his stock in the
Chocolate Company to the school. Hershey Chocolate Company to the
school.
Events for the Timeline
1920 Milton’s mother dies. Milton’s mother dies.
1929 Stock market crashes starting the Great Stock market crashes starting the
Depression. Great Depression.
1945 Milton dies. Milton dies.

Compare and Contrast Games
If you have read or watched Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, use the circles below to compare Milton Hershey with the
fictional candy maker, Willy Wonka. Write similarities between the two candy makers in the section where the circles
overlap and characteristics unique to each man in the corresponding circle outside of the overlapping area.
Milton Hershey Willy Wonka

Turning Failure Into Success
Why do you think Milton was successful after his first failed
business attempts? Give 2-3 reasons and explain each one.
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
Name: ___________________
Candy Survey
Ask people what their favorite candy is and record the results below. You
may want to give them 3-5 choices to choose from or ask it as an open
ended question. You could also set up a taste test with three different
candies and have people taste them and tell you their favorites. Then, use
your data to make a bar graph on the next page.
Person Favorite Candy
Name: ___________________
Candy Bar Graph
Create a bar graph with the information you collected about people’s
favorite candy. Write in the names of the candy across the bottom. Then
starting at the bottom, color in a rectangle for each person that said that
particular candy was their favorite.
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Candy:
What was the most favorite candy? ________________________________
What was the least favorite candy? ________________________________
Were you surprised by the results? Why or why not?

______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Name: ___________________

Complete The Business Plan 1
Alex decides to create a new candy made with chocolate and blueberries. Below
is a list of the supplies needed to make one batch of 100 candies. Determine
how much each batch will cost to make.
Supply Cost
Blueberries $10.00
Sugar $ 1.50
Milk $ 5.00
Cocoa Powder $10.00
Coconut Oil $ 8.00
Total Cost to Make per
Batch
Now determine how much each piece of candy will cost to make to the nearest
cent: ________________________
Alex decides to set up a booth at the town farmer’s market to sell the candy. Add
up the marketing expenses.
Description Cost
Booth Rental $25.00
Sign (Homemade) $ 2.00
Paper to wrap candy $ 5.00
Total Cost to Sell
Now determine how much each piece of candy will cost to sell to the nearest
cent: ________________________
If Alex decides to sell each piece of candy for $1.00, how much will Alex make in
profit per piece of candy? _____________________
How much profit for one batch? _________________________

Complete The Business Plan 2
Jamie decides to create a new candy made with chocolate, peanut butter, and
peanuts. Below is a list of the supplies needed to make one batch of 100
candies. Determine how much each batch will cost to make.
Supply Cost
Peanuts $ 8.00
Sugar $ 1.25
Milk $ 5.00
Cocoa Powder $ 7.50
Coconut Oil $ 8.00
Peanut butter $ 5.00
Total Cost to Make per Batch
cent: ________________________
Jamie decides to set up a booth at the street corner to sell the candy. Add up the
marketing expenses.
Description Cost
Table $15.00
Sign (Homemade) $ 2.00
Paper to wrap candy $ 5.00
Total Cost to Sell
cent: ________________________
If Jamie decides to sell each piece of candy for $0.75, how much will Jamie make
in profit per piece of candy? _____________________
How much profit for one batch? _________________________

Business Plans Answer Key
Alex decides they are going to create a new candy made with chocolate and
blueberries. Below is a list of the supplies they will need to make one batch of
100 candies. Determine how much each batch will cost to make. $34.50
cent: $0.35
Alex decides to set up a booth at the town farmer’s market to sell the candy. Add
up the marketing expenses. $32.00
cent: $0.32
If Alex decides to sell each piece of candy for $1.00, how much will Alex make in
profit per piece of candy? $1.00 -.35 - .32 = $0.33 per candy
How much profit for one batch? $33.00
Jamie decides to create a new candy made with chocolate, peanut butter, and
peanuts. Below is a list of the supplies needed to make one batch of 100
candies. Determine how much each batch will cost to make. $34.75
cent: $0.35
Jamie decides to set up a booth at the street corner to sell the candy. Add up the
marketing expenses. $22.00
cent: $0.22
If Jamie decides to sell each piece of candy for $0.75, how much will Jamie make
in profit per piece of candy? $.75 - .35 - .22 = $0.18 per candy
How much profit for one batch? $18.00

Your Business Plan
Now think about a kind of candy you would like to make and sell. Describe
it and draw it. If you know what the wrapper will look like, draw that, too.
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
Draw:
What supplies would you need to make it and how much would they cost to
make a batch of your candy? How many candies will be in each batch.?
Supply Cost Notes
Total Cost per Batch For # of candies:

Your Business Plan (cont.)
Use division to figure out the cost to make each candy: _________________
How will your sell your candy?

_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
List any costs involved in selling your candy. (Include the packaging,
marketing materials, advertising expenses and/or paying other people to
sell it for you.)
Description Cost Notes
Total Cost
Now determine how much each piece of candy will cost to sell to the
nearest cent: ________________________
How much do you think you should sell each piece of candy for? Think
about how much it costs to make and sell each piece, but also how much
you think someone would be willing to pay. _____________________
How much profit will you make from each piece of candy? ______________
How much profit will you make from a batch of candy? _________________

Directions for Hop the Kisses
Preparation: Print the two sides of the game board, cut them out and attach. Print the 24 Direction Cards. You can print
the backs of them with the Kisses if you would like. Or just leave the backs blank. Each person will need some kind of
marker to move around the game board. You can use different coins or pieces from another game. Place the cards face
down on the appropriate square on the game board.
To Play the Game:
1) Everyone places their marker on Start. Decide how many laps you need to go to win the game. For example, the first
person to go three laps around wins. Also, decide if you are going to work on reading or listening skills. If reading,
then each person will read their own direction card. If listening, then another player will read the card to the player
whose turn it is.
2) Decide who will go first. That person reads or listens to their card and does what it says. If they follow the direction
incorrectly, they go back to where they were at the beginning of the turn and play passes to the next player. Players
continue to take turns in this manner until the first person reaches the required numbers of laps.
3) When you have used all of the cards, shuffle and reuse them.
**If you want to make the direction following more challenging, follow the directions on two cards (or even three) for each
turn and just double the number of laps it takes to win.

Take
Another
Turn
Direction Discard
Cards Cards
Go Back
Two
Hop
The
Move
Ahead
One
Kisses
Cut here.
Switch
Places with
Someone
A Following
Direction
Game
Lose a
Start Turn
Direction Direction Direction Direction

Move to the space Move to the space Move to the space Move to the space
just before the next just before the next just before the next just before the next
pink kiss. blue kiss. silver kiss. green kiss.
Move to the space Move to the space Move to the space Move to the space
just after the next just after the next just after the next just after the next
pink kiss. blue kiss. silver kiss. green kiss.
Move to the next pink Move to the next blue Move to the next Move to the next
kiss. kiss. silver kiss. green kiss.


kiss then move ahead kiss then move ahead green kiss then move silver kiss then move
2. 2. ahead 2. ahead 2.
kiss then move back 3. kiss then move back 3. green kiss then move silver kiss then move
back 3. back 3.
kiss then move ahead kiss then move ahead green kiss then move silver kiss then move
1. 1. back 1. back 1.

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Milton Hershey Unit Study: Reading, History, Math, Entrepreneurship, Following Directions

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Milton Hershey

©2020 Randi Smith www.peanutbutterfishlessons.com

Pages 3-11: A Biography of Milton Hershey: Notetaking sheets with answer

Page 18: Turning Failure Into Success: Writing prompt to encourage

©2020 Randi Smith www.peanutbutterfishlessons.com

Job at Ice Cream Shop: _______________________________

First Business: ______________________________________

©2020 Randi Smith www.peanutbutterfishlessons.com

Next Candy Business:

First Candy Factory:

©2020 Randi Smith www.peanutbutterfishlessons.com

What kind of chocolate did Hershey make?:

What did Hershey build around his factory?:

How did he set up his new factory?:

What did Milton Hershey believe about being a

©2020 Randi Smith www.peanutbutterfishlessons.com

How did Milton change how candy was sold?:

The Hershey School:

What did Milton do in memory of Kitty?:

World Wars: __________________________________________________

©2020 Randi Smith www.peanutbutterfishlessons.com

The Hershey Chocolate Company:

©2020 Randi Smith www.peanutbutterfishlessons.com

Birth: September 13, 1857 in Hockersville, PA

Colorado: Hershey moved out to Colorado where his father lived. He

©2020 Randi Smith www.peanutbutterfishlessons.com

First Candy Factory:

What inspired Milton Hershey to start making chocolate?: At

What kind of chocolate did Hershey make?:

Marriage Milton met Catherine “Kitty” Sweeney at a candy shop in 1897

What did Hershey build around his factory?: He built a town

©2020 Randi Smith www.peanutbutterfishlessons.com

What new chocolate did the company start making in 1907?:

How did Milton change how candy was sold?:

The Hershey School:

What did Milton do in memory of Kitty?:

©2020 Randi Smith www.peanutbutterfishlessons.com

Some of Milton’s experiments: He tried gum, chocolate pie, different

Death: Milton Hershey died in 1945 at the age of 88 from pneumonia.

©2020 Randi Smith www.peanutbutterfishlessons.com

1855 1865 1875 1880 1885

©2020 Randi Smith www.peanutbutterfishlessons.com

1885 1890 1895 1900 1905

©2020 Randi Smith www.peanutbutterfishlessons.com

1905 1910 1915 1925 1945

©2020 Randi Smith www.peanutbutterfishlessons.com

©2020 Randi Smith www.peanutbutterfishlessons.com

©2020 Randi Smith www.peanutbutterfishlessons.com

Milton Hershey Willy Wonka

©2020 Randi Smith www.peanutbutterfishlessons.com

Person Favorite Candy

What was the most favorite candy? ________________________________

What was the least favorite candy? ________________________________

Were you surprised by the results? Why or why not?

©2020 Randi Smith www.peanutbutterfishlessons.com

How much profit for one batch? _________________________

©2020 Randi Smith www.peanutbutterfishlessons.com

Cocoa Powder $ 7.50

Coconut Oil $ 8.00

Peanut butter $ 5.00

Total Cost to Make per Batch

How much profit for one batch? _________________________

©2020 Randi Smith www.peanutbutterfishlessons.com