1. -Steel is tensile.

It has a high strength to weight ratio which means it has high strength per
unit mass. So no matter how large the overall structure is, the steel sections will be small
and lightweight, unlike other building materials.
-Steel can be easily fabricated and produced massively. Steel sections can be produced
off-site at shop floors and then assembled onsite. This saves time and increases the
efficiency of the overall construction process.
-Structural steel is very flexible. You can mold it into any shape, without changing its
properties. You can convert it into sheets or turn it into wires as per the design.
-Structural steel is relatively cheap compared to other building materials.
-It is very durable. Structural steel structures can withstand external pressures such as
earthquakes, thunderstorms, and cyclones. A well-built steel structure can last up to 30
years if maintained well.

2. -Blocks of stones are used in foundations, walls, bridge pier, abutments, lighthouses,
aqueducts, and retaining walls.
-Rocks are used for masonry work, lintels, and vertical columns, covering floors of the
building.
-Broken or crushed rocks are used as aggregates in concrete, in road constructions.
-Broken or crushed rocks are also used as railway ballast.
-Stone screenings are used as a natural substitute for sand.
-Limestone is the basic material for the manufacture of lime concrete and cement.
-Rocks are used as blocks along the river and canal banks for preventing erosion called
riprap.
-Base material for water and sewage filters, in case of waterworks and sewage treatment
plants.
-Limestone is also used as a flux in the blast furnaces.
-In the construction of the masonry dam, stones of good quality and durability are of vital
importance.
-For ornamental works in and outside the buildings, like blocks, slabs, and chips.

3.

4.
1. Toughness or Tensile strength : 
plastics vary in their tensile strength from material to material. plastics have much less
toughness as compared to metals and alloys like steel.
 2. light Weight :
plastics are much lighter in weight as compared to woods, metals , etc.

4. Appearance :
Transparent plastics material can be made they look like glass. plastic can be coloured in
any colour and given any shape and are used for making large variety of household
products.

5. weather Resistance :
plastics are not biodegradable that is why , they do not change with weather unlike
natural fibres like cotton, and wool.

6. Thermal Conductivity :
plastics are the bad conductors of heat. For this reason, the handles of the cooling utensils
are made of plastic material.

7. Electrical Conductivity :
plastics do not conduct electricity . This property of plastic is used for making electrical
appliances like switches, irons, touches, bulb- holders etc..

8. Solubility in water :
there is no effect of water on plastics. They are insoluble in water.

9. Effect of Flame :
The plastics melt on bringing closer to flame.

5.