1

PUBLIC PERCEPTION ON JOB

PERFORMANCE OF PNP PERSONNEL

Jose Maria G. Pelayo III, MASD, MP-MT

Marcelo L. Montanio, Ph.D.

Ailyn F. Caparal

Stephanie Nadine B. Hollands

Wency M. Lagasca

Shiela May G. Martin

Jessa M. Perez

John Marco J. Sampaga

Rein Gabriel C. Tolentino

April 2019
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Abstract

Public attitude strongly shapes the policies and decisions of Criminal Justice institutions

such as the police. Negative image has been the staple of the news regarding the Philippine

National Police and there had several efforts to ameliorate the same. Due primarily to the

reactive nature of police work, the police as a public institution rely more heavily on the

support and cooperation of the public to achieve success in the performance of their duties

than other criminal justice agencies. What people think about the police and their work is

highly important because it may well serve as a significant social indicator of the political

health of the society as a whole . Knowing the resident’s opinions about the police is equally

important for law enforcement agencies. In addition, issues of trust are particularly important

in democratic societies, where police actions have to be legitimized by the citizens.. This study

examined the perception and attitude of the public towards the police in Barangay Balibago,

Angeles City, Philippines. Using descriprive survey as method and survey questionnaires as

data collection instruments the study suggested that, when the police treat citizens fairly and

respectfully (procedural justice), people view the police as legitimate, comply with police

instructions, and cooperate with requests. Citizens who perceive the police as legitimate

engage more positively with the police, obey laws without the threat of punishment, and

subsequently, are less likely to make complaints about their encounters with the police, have

higher levels of satisfaction with the police generally, and are more likely to report crime and

disorder problems.

Keywords: police, public trust, perception and attitude on police

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Introduction

The law enforcement is one of the pillars of the criminal justice system which focuses
on enforcing the law, and the perceptions on criminological understanding according to its
functions describes that without this pillar the justice systems could not work or attain its main
objective. The Philippine National Police or PNP, primarily recognize the demographical,
characteristics and moral activeness of each police officer. The police personnel need to be
adequate on their jobs because it is part of the government support for the community.

The police authorities are perceived as legitimate when trusted by citizens. As a result,
these citizens are more likely to obey the law and coordinate with the authorities. When police
officers can provide the basic safety and security of the citizens, trust for the police is
established (Goldsmith, 2003). In line with this, a factor that may promote or inhibit citizen’s
trust in the police warrants additional study.

The overall image of police officers indicates the perception of the public to the police.
The common perceptions when measured are advantageous because it offers a summary
measure of the level of overall support and favorable public views for the police force
(Gallagher, 2001).

According to studies, the criminal justice institutions and their policies tend to be strongly
influenced by different public attitudes (Helsey & White, 2008; Roberts & Hastings, 2007).
The police, as a public institution, solely depend on the cooperation and support of the public
to attain the success in the performance of their responsibilities than any other criminal justice
agencies.

Three decades ago, P.R Benson remarked to an average citizen that police officers are
the most observable and obtrusive agents of the governmental authority and power. The
people’s perception about the police and their duty is very important for it serves as an
essential social indicator of the political health of the society in general (Benson, 1981, p.45).
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It is very important for the law enforcement to know the resident’s opinions about the
police. These opinions and perceptions are tend to affect the law enforcement officer’s work
performance and should be considered as an important element of a successful police training
and effective activity planning. Moreover, trust issues are specifically significant in democratic
societies, where police actions are needed to be legitimized by the citizens (Kaariainen, 2007,
p. 410).

On the other hand, Pakistan is a country that indicates a pragmatic change, specifically
in the case of public sector institutions, where majority the public trust is lesser. Some
representative of men and women from the different part of the country were tasked to give
comments on different government institutions in which they have experienced trouble or
arguments.

Public’s perception toward some government departments in the Philippines has trust
issues or challenges—for instance, the Bureau of Customs (BOC) for allegation that the latter
were involved in the P 6.4 M shabu shipment that slipped past the Bureau of Customs (BOC)
in May 2017; the lower house and the lawmakers critical of the national budget claim it
contained illegal pork barrel bunds and cuts on social services; however, the Senate failed to
approve the national budget in time (Pulse Asia, 2018).

Some citizens and netizens claim that they experienced being in trouble in one of our
government institutions. Seventy-two percent (72%) had bad experiences with police, while
twenty-seven percent (27%) did not experience it at all and a single percent (1%) gave no
response. The data show that a higher percentage of citizens in rural area (74%) had
experienced more trouble with the police than those who live in urban area (69%). In addition,
79% of male claimed to have experienced a direct and indirect trouble with the police and 65
% for females (Gallup Survey, 2009).
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Different researches were conducted and suggest that when a police officer treats a
citizen justly and courteously, people will tend to view the police as legitimate who comply
and cooperate with correct police procedures. These citizens who recognize police as true and
just will positively affect their cooperation. They will abide the law without the doubt and
threat of being punished and unjustified. As a result, citizens will less likely to have
complaints and rants about the police they encounter, there will be satisfaction with the police
performance in general, and they are more likely to cooperate in reporting crimes and
wrongdoings in our country ( Bradford et al. 2009; Kane2005; Kochel et al. 2011; Tyler 1990,
2003; Tyler and Huo 2002).

Moreover, even criminals who have negative perceptions with the authorities such as the
police will tend to comply and cooperate with the law. Thus, they will believe that police in
our country are true and just. The primary theme that connects research around the world is
that police legitimacy promotes law-abiding citizens even when authorities are not physically
present (Papachristos, et al. 2009).

In our country, police are considered to be under-funded and suffer from deep-rooted
institutional deficiencies. According to the survey conducted by Pulse Asia and Transparency
International’s Global Corruption Barometer in the year 2010-2011, the Philippine National
Police (PNP) is identified as one of the government institutions that is considered as the most
corrupt institution by Filipino respondents. Also, 32% of the surveyed households had contact
with police during 2009 and offered some bribe (Transparency International, April 19, 2013).

According to Social Weather Stations (SWS), the Philippine National Police (PNP)
garnered the highest percentage of 9% which is considered as ―very little‖ trust on the police
authorities (SWS, National Survey on People’s level of trust in institutions, May 28-June 14,
2003).

In addition, the PNP had already implemented the ―Pulis Magalang‖ Program and LOI
Patnubay II which are implemented to improve the conveyance of police services to the public
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and to provide a mechanism to clean its ranks of undesirable and misfit personnel.
Furthermore, the PNP program has a Police-Community Relations (PCR) which mandates the
organization to achieve a harmonious relationship between the law enforcer and its society in
order to achieve the program’s mission and vision.

The relationship of the police and the community should be harmonious. The
community relies to the police to provide safety and security; on the other hand, the police also
rely to the community in giving their support and cooperation in order to have an effective
rapport. The better police-community connection, the law enforcer will have enhanced
understanding of the public’s concerns, specifically on crime-related matter. Thus, citizens will
have the initiative and cooperation to report crimes that occur in their community, provide tips
and intelligence to law enforcement, willingly serve as witnesses and participate in jury trials.
As a result, police tend to become more proactive which leads to preventing crimes before it
occurs or minimizing the impact to the community. A harmonious police-community relation
prevents the stigma about the police in our country.

Poor relations between the police and the community will lead to having distrust,
anger, and fear. Society may think that police are untrue and unjust. They might be blame for
all the different crimes happening in our country and feel that they are not appreciated in doing
their duties. A good dialogue between the police and the community helps each citizen to
build trust with one another which is necesary for a long-term change.

According to the survey of the police and the community, the poor communication
between them is considered to be the greatest problem. Police often say that language barrier,
lack of connection and two-way communication, and misunderstanding of police practices are
some of the main reasons of having a disharmonious relationship (Building Police Community
Relations, 2010).

According to Holgado (2008), the residents of Lucena City claims that they didn’t
experienced any difficulty in the implementation of the PCR programs in Lucena City Police.
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This was evident through the data obtained on the enactment of PCR programs and the
assessment that the Police Officers in Philippine National Police did their job well in their
society.

A mutual relationship of trust between the police agencies and the communities is
necessary to maintain public safety and effective police services. Police officials solely rely on
the cooperation and support of the community members to provide precise information about a
crime and to work with the police to help in providing solutions to different crime-related
matters. In addition, the willingness of the community members to trust the police depends
whether they believe that their actions reflect the community values and incorporate the
principles of procedural justice and legitimacy (Holgado, 2008).

Recently, there are some incidents in our country which involve the use of police force
and authority, as a result, citizens have questioned the legitimacy of police. In the United
States, many cities have experienced large-scale demonstrations, protest marches, and riots in
2014 and 2015 over the perceptions of police delinquency and abuse of power. Thus, it is an
imperative that improving the relationship of police agencies and local communities is a
priority.

In line with the study, there are some significant reasons why the general image of the
police is worth measuring. An understanding of the general image of the police among
citizens provides a noteworthy indicator of support for the institution among its citizens.
Understanding how the public views the law enforcers is a crucial first step in improving
relationships between the police and societies. The gathered surveys are a prominent factor of
the community policing procedures.

Moreover, the public image of the Philippine National Police can be described by
producing measurements where agencies can identify whether the police image is improving
or declining over a period of time. Also, whether they are given a higher or lower admiration
by the citizens in the communities.
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Moreover, the general image of the Philippine National Police may affect the behavior
of the public. These include supporting tax initiatives or referenda that are designed to enhance
the resources of local police agencies and to participate in co-production activities like
neighborhood watch. And to provide the police the information that are useful in solving
crimes and in improving the quality of life in neighborhoods. A community with poor image
of police will likely have less support and cooperation from the citizens. They might also file
complaints, present civil suits, rebel against the police, and produce media problems. Indeed,
the relationship between the public behaviors and the general image of the police is untested
but definitely a feasible thesis.

In the Philippines, the police are severely under-funded and suffer from deep-rooted
institutional deficiencies (Global Integrity 2010, US Department of State 2012). Both a 2011
national survey conducted by Pulse Asia and Transparency International’s Global Corruption
Barometer in the year 2010-2011 identify the Philippine National Police (PNP) as one of the
institutions perceived as the most corrupt by Filipino respondents which affect the public’s
perception towards the police. Close to one-third (32 per cent) of the surveyed households
who had contact with the police in 2009 reported having paid a bribe. (Transparency
International, April 19, 2013).

According to the Social Weather Stations (SWS), the Philippine National Police (PNP)
got (9%) considered as ―very little‖ trust on the police agency (SWS, National Survey on
People’s level of trust in institutions, May 28-June 14, 2003).

To improve its image, the PNP has long implemented the Police Community Relations
program which aims to improve the relations of the police and public and improve its image
thus increasing civilian participation in crime prevention and policing. In addition, the PNP
had also already implemented the "Pulis Magalang" Program and LOI Patnubay II, geared
towards improving the delivery of police services to the public and providing mechanism to
cleanse its ranks of undesirables and misfits.
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In line with the study, why is the ―general image‖ of police worth measuring? There
are a number of important reasons. First, an understanding of the general image of the police
among citizens provides an important indicator of support for the institution among its
constituents. Understanding how the public views the police is a crucial first step in improving
relationships between the police and communities. This is why community surveys are a
prominent component of the community policing movement.

Similarly, measurements of the public image of the police can be compared. By

producing such measures, agencies can learn whether their image is improving or declining
over time, or whether they are held in higher or lower esteem by their citizens than police in
other communities. And second, the general image of the police may affect the sorts of
behaviors by the public that greatly interest the police. These include supporting tax initiatives
or referenda designed to enhance the resources of local police agencies, to participate in co-
production activities like neighborhood watch, and providing the police with information
useful to solving crime or improving the quality of life in neighborhoods. Communities with a
poor image of the police will be less likely to support and help the police do their jobs, and
more likely to file complaints, launch civil suits, rebel against the police, and produce media
problems. Whether there is indeed a strong relationship between these public behaviors and the
overall image of the police is an untested, but certainly plausible, thesis (Gallagher, C. et al,
2001).

When citizens trust the police, they are more likely to perceive police authority as
legitimate, and thus more likely to cooperate with authorities and comply with the law. Trust
in police is linked to the ability of police officers to provide basic citizen security (Goldsmith,
2003). In line with this, the factors that promote or inhibit citizen’s trust in the police warrant
additional study.
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Review of Related Literature

Under Republic Act 8551, otherwise known as the Philippine National Police Reform and
Reorganization Act of 1998, the PNP was envisioned to be a community and service-oriented
agency responsible for the maintenance of peace and order and public safety.

According to Jacob (2011), the Philippine National Police (PNP) is continuing efforts
to improve delivery of basic police services through a more effective crime prevention
program anchored upon police community relationships, hence, will more likely to reveal how
responsive the two-way communication between the police and the community could be
firmly established with the end on view of attaining better peace and order situation in
communities and several programs had been implemented by the PNP wherein the
enhancement of police community partnership is the one major concern emphasized to bring
closer to the community. St. Thomas Aquinas stated that, ―Peace is the work of justice
indirectly, in so far as justice removes the obstacles to peace, but it is work of charity,
according to its very notion, cause peace‖ (Saint Quotes of Peace, n.d.). Articles, literature and
reading materials about police, police organizations and law enforcement and the Philippine
National Police itself, their works, functions and responsibilities are numerous. They are useful
in illustrating the police's main functions and strategies they undergo to enhance its system and
procedures. Several aspects of the police force are dealt with and will shed relevance to the
problem at hand.

Police Administration has been as the management of police organization, which is all
about the work of the police officer or the utilization of talents to coordinate an effort and
manage resources for the achievement of police organizational goals. Considering that a police
organization as the primary responsibilities of the police administrators making it as the
primary responsibilities in applying their individual initiative and skills necessary for the
performance of the actual police roles and responsibilities (Breva Jr., n.d),
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From the establishment of the PNP, police work has become a high profile,
professional, round-clock public service. Its major mandate of peace and order is a basic
requirement for the Philippine’s sustainable development. As stated in Section 4, Article 2 of
the 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines provides that,

The prime duty of the government is to serve and protect the people. The maintenance
of peace and order, the protection of life, liberty, and property, and the promotion of the
general welfare are essential for the enjoyment by all the people of the blessing of
demography.

The Philippine National Police was created under Republic Act (RA) 6975 in
December 13, 1990. It was formally activated on January 29, 1991 coinciding with the casing
of colors or official deactivation of the Philippine Constabulary (PC) and Integrated National
Police (NP), its forerunner organizations. The country's national leaders sought to further
improve police service and institute true reforms, modernization and reorganization of the PNP
with the passage of RA 8551, which provided for the rationalized distribution of manpower to
maximize personnel deployment in the street and communities. To support this strategic
formula, the law provided for complementing benefits to raise the quality of life of every
policeman and policewoman.

The Philippine National Police Law Enforcement Manual establishes the nature of the
functions of law enforcement in the defense of public order and the manner in which these
functions are exercised to have a direct impact on the quality of life individuals as well as of
society as a whole. Conscious of the important tasks which law enforcement officers are
performing, but aware, nevertheless, of the potential for abuse which the exercise of such
duties entails, it is critical to consider relevant standards and guidelines for the humane
performance of law enforcement functions be acknowledged and closely observed to by all
members of law enforcement agencies. All enforcement agencies and departments should be
responsible and accountable to the community and all enforcement agencies shall guarantee
high moral and ethical standards are religiously adhered to. It is expected from a law enforcer
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to be part of the criminal justice system, the aim of which is to prevent, control and solve
crimes; and every law enforcement agency should observe self-discipline in conformity with
the principles and standards provided and ensure that the actions of law enforcement officers
are responsive to public scrutiny. The manual is widely adhered to by the organization.

Casey (2007) stated that police are required to understand and effectively operate in a
complex social, political and organizational environment. PNP. Chief Police Director General
Avelino Razon, Jr, brought forth the concept of servant leadership through the development of
Mamang Pulis and Aleng Pulis as dependable, approachable, presentable, humane and God-
fearing police officers closer to people.

Successions of PNP top officials have seen various salient programs for police
professional development. It can’t be denied that the PNP suffered for a long time from a
tarnished image, a bad reputation brought about by perceived graft and corruption and abuse of
authority by some members of its uniformed personnel coupled with the vulnerability of the
organization. Police Deputy Director Ricardo F. De Leon (2005), for his part, pushed for the
KASUROG COPS when he was Regional Director of the Police Regional Office 5. He
widened KASUROG COPS when he became one of the highest officials of the PNP. His
brainchild guided the police while doing their jobs as public servants. KASUROG COPS
stands for the value of partnership, individual worth and dignity, integrity, and trust,
commitment to service, and accountability. De Leon elucidated that KASUROG COPS is a
philosophy, a mind-set, a way of life and an empowered action program where community
folks and their police actually and physically work hard to eradicate crimes and their causes
down to the Barangay level. It progressively assisted in alleviating poverty in the region where
55-57% of the population is below the poverty line. Kasurog entails shaping of the hearts and
minds of the people. It is a total change from within an individual that takes his heart and
instills it in the virtues of compassion, generosity and charity in the attainment of public
service among on the least, the last and the lost among the populace for they are so many.
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From the vision of a capable, effective and credible police force, the PNP has now
adopted the enhanced vision: "Imploring the aid of the Almighty, by 2030, we shall be a
highly capable, effective and credible police service working in partnership with a responsive
community towards the attainment of a safer place to live, work and do business" (Philippine
National Police Transformation Plan, 2015). With this enhanced vision, the PNP is once again
guided by its philosophy of service, honor and justice, through consistent demonstration of the
PNP's core values of being Maka-Diyos or God-fearing, Makabayan or nationalistic, Makatao
o humane, Makakalikasan or nature-loving.

In the Philippines, a country located in Asia, law enforcement has been mainly
entrusted to the main law enforcement group, the Philippine National Police, in
collaboration to other law enforcement agencies like the National Bureau of
Investigation, Bureau of Corrections, Bureau of Jail Management and Penology, Bureau of
Fire Protection; and the auxiliary groups like the Barangay Tanod, Traffic Management
Groups, Security agencies and the like.

Police as law enforcers are mandated to ensure that the rule of law is implicated in the
spirit equality for all citizens. However, some police are perceived as failing as to live up to
duty and uphold the law, but of directly violating the human rights of citizens or excessive use
of force. Moreover, in the performance of their duties, police officers routinely make critical
decisions which require discretion on their part. Uncontrolled discretion may result in serious
problems that can cause damaged to police organizations background.

According to the ethical doctrine, all members of the Philippine National Police shall:
abide, adhere to and internalize the provisions of this Ethical Doctrine. A
truly professionalized and dedicated law enforcer shall be developed in
promoting peace and order, ensuring public safety and enhancing
community participation guided by the principle that a public office is a
public trust and that all public servants must, at all times, be accountable
to the people. They shall serve with utmost responsibility, integrity,
morality, loyalty and efficiency with due respect to human rights and
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dignity as hall mark of a democratic society. They shall, at all times,

support and uphold the Constitution, bear faithful allegiance to the
Constitution, bear faithful allegiance to the legitimate government, respect
the duly constituted authority and be loyal to the police service.

Philippines have numerous government organizations which are established and

intended to help and serve the Filipino citizens. Under the Philippine Constitutions, Article XI,
Section 1 states that: Public Officer is a public trust. Public Officers and employees must at all
times be accountable to the people, serve them with utmost responsibility, integrity, loyalty
and efficiency, act with patriotism and justice, and lead with a modest life (De Leon, 2002).

Performance evaluation is a management tool used to measure and evaluate the

performance of the workforce. It is used by organization leaders to have good basis for future
decision making processes and judgment. These evaluations are done at least once a year to
measure progress and effectivity and efficiency of the employees or in this case, the law
enforcement officers.

Performance evaluation of the police is managed in accordance with the rules and
regulations and standards, and a code of conduct promulgated by the Commission for
members of the PNP. The evaluation will cover one’s individual efficiency and behavioral
discipline, organizational effectiveness and respect for the constitutional and human rights of
the citizens and the democratic principles.

Performance of officers cannot just measure with lazy and uncertain rod. When one is
assigned, he/she must have performance goals, otherwise he may experience a sense of
injustice, a feeling of intense dissatisfaction and of being treated unfairly. Then, there will
always be resistance to change, the worst of which will come from individuals within the
organization, the enemies’ within (Tantuico Jr., 2001).
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According to Jocano (2000), ―work refers to the commonly shared set of beliefs about
work and how these beliefs impede or hasten the attainment of goals through work‖. These
beliefs influence how people work, how they value their work, and how they behave in the
workplace.

Related Studies

Some selected foreign studies added a few instances of effective police activities.
Effective police service involves public and makes them aware of the operations done and
carefully managed for their safety. Jack (2005) in his study entitled ―A study of Factors
Affecting Participation and Performance of Police Officers Undertaking the Queensland Police
Service’s Management Development Program by Distance Education‖.

Eyram (2011) in her case study of Police Officers at the Cantonments Station, Ghana
assesses the operations of the Ghana Police Service using Cantonments Police Station. Other
findings include some of the hindrances to operations of Police officers are non – availability
of vehicles which makes mobility very difficult, lack of logistics, poor infrastructure and lack
of modern equipment’s, discrimination, lack of motivation and poor incentives, lack of
manpower and limitation accommodation. Good supervision, cooperation from the public and
logistics were identified as factors that helped to promote their duties efficiently. Most of the
failures of the police officers were their inability to apprehend and arrest some notorious
criminals. Other failures were their inability to show quick response to calls from the public.

Shane (2010) examined the impact organizational stressors have on police

performance. The results on the police stress are mixed whether the nature of police work is
inherently stressful. It is emphasized that the organizational stressors may be the greater source
of stress due to huge number of structural agreements, policies, standards and practices.
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According to Vito and Higgins (2010), senior police leaders must spend time in
developing and sharing their visions for the organization, charting the journey by establishing
strategic goals, and practicing delegation and collaboration of tasks. In this study of police
managers, the most dominant leadership practice is enabling others to act. Therefore, police
leaders should empower their subordinates, support their development, and prepare them for
the best.

Galino (2002), in his study entitled, ―Role Performance of the Police and the
Community as Correlates of Police Community Relations‖, analyzed the roles performance of
the Baguio City Police Office along the areas of peace and order maintenance and law
enforcement. The author likewise analyzed the role performance of the Baguio City residents
with regards to crime reporting and information system and their participation in criminal
investigation and judicial process. Moreover, the researcher correlated the foregoing role
performance of the police and the residents to the extent of police-community relations in
Baguio City.

The findings of Galino’s study revealed that the respondents perceived the role
performance of the personnel of Baguio City Police Office as generally ―efficient‖, and the
role performance of the Baguio City residents as generally ―favorable‖. Both the police and
community perceived police-community relations in Baguio City as ―harmonious‖. However,
the study concluded that the Baguio City police have not reached its full potential in the
delivery of police service to the people of Baguio City as far as peace and order maintenance
and law enforcement are concerned. It likewise concluded that the residents of Baguio City
seemed to have not fully realized the essence of social responsibility. Everyone who violate
laws, rules, regulations and ordinances are apprehend when they are reported. When this takes
place, the identity of the offender is noted. This is considered as profile for it provides
information about the individual.

A study on assessed the performance of the Philippine National Police in the

implementation of anti-illegal drug program discussed the professional profile of the PNP, its
 17

level of implementation of the anti-illegal drugs prevention program, the status of performance
on supply reduction and demand reduction and the problems encountered by the PNP and how
serious these are. The study shows that, 1) they are highly educated, lower rank officers,
relatively young in service and less trained in drug prevention program, 2) The level of
implementation of the anti-illegal Drugs Prevention Program on information and education is
―least implemented‖ while partnership with the Local Government Units on policy formulation
on a drug free community is ―moderately implemented‖, 3) The status of performance on
supply reduction and demand reduction is ―fair‖ and 4) Problems encountered by the PNP are
―moderately serious‖ (Manzano, 2011).

Latonio (2004) study about ―Performance of PNP as Perceived by Tricycle Drivers in

Municipality of Sorsogon‖ stressed out that the negative factors affect the police performance
and where most the respondent question answered is the disrespect of the police on the rights
of people. Disrespect of the police officers on human rights created a bad image of them. The
members of the armed forces know about human rights but because of the eagerness to gather
information’s to solve other cases they did not become conscious on the rights of the civilian.
Another reason based is PNP accusing someone to be presented to the people so that their
constituent will believe that their offices are doing their duties well and they are the worthy
ones. The military men should be aware to the rights of the people and should also use actions
that are applicable to the law.

Arroyo (2004) revealed in his study about ―Performance of the PNP Regional Crime
Laboratory Office‖. The management resource in the crime laboratory in terms of supplies and
materials, facilities and equipment, and finding are dependent on the budget of the
management. The level of performances in the delivery of the technical services of the crime
lab in fairly adequate in providing varied functions. These are several problems
encountered/observed by the groups of the respondents in the PNP crime laboratory in Bicol
Region. Police recommendation could improve the delivery of the service of the PNP Crime
Laboratory Regional Office 5.
 18

―The Performance of the Guinobatan Municipal Police Office‖ aimed to survey the
perception of the various sectors of the society, including the PNP officers of Guinobatan,
Albay regarding the performance of the Municipal Police Office on the areas concerned. The
study found out that the level of performance of Guinobatan Municipal Police Office in the
Law Enforcement, Anti-Crime and Police Community Relation were ―satisfactory as
perceived by the local official, youth and police officer (Llamazares, 2006).

The study of Llamazares is relevant to the present study because both studies deal with
Law Enforcement, Anti- Crime and Police Community Relation as one scope of the study.
However, the previous study is different from the present study because the focus is on the
level of work performance of police officers perceived by police officers and the public and
the problems encountered during its operation.

Verzosa (2009) in her study on ―Personnel Performance of Philippine National Police

(PNP) Legazpi.‖ gave following conclusions: 1) the level of performance of the police
personnel in Legazpi City under Administrative and Operation Branches is very satisfactory
(VS). They are very effective in the performance of their work; 2) there are inadequacies
perceived by the police personnel while in the performance of their functions. The major ones
are lack of operational funds inadequate number of office equipment, mobility and firepower,
lack of communication equipment and lack of training, schooling and seminars attended. 3)
The proposed management intervention strategies to enhance the performance of the PNP
personnel are of two areas which are: implementation of the opportunities cited in the ―Project
Bankal‖ of the Legazpi City; and sourcing of funds from the local and national government
through the initiative of the Chief of Police.

Hitosis (2005) also conducted an assessment study on the Performance of Police

Stations in Albay. The performance of the police stations on their mandated activities which
covered police assistance, crime prevention; security and safety, crime resolution, conduct and
care for the community, and peace and order were assessed. The study included the problems
encountered and recommendations offered to enhance the performance of the police stations.
 19

The descriptive method of research was used with the questionnaire as the main tool in
gathering data from purposely selected respondents representing the civilian members of the
community and the members of the police force of the police stations.

Histosis’ study is similar to the present study in terms of its subject matter. The subject
matter is on performance of police stations in Albay while the present study focused on the
performance of Police officers in the Municipality of Daraga, Albay.

According to the study of Mabida (2011) entitled ―The problems encountered by the
Philippine National Police in handling human trafficking cases‖ emphasizing the problems
faced by the PNP had considered famished because of the knowledge of the composition of
human traffickers. Filing the cases, securing of warrants of arrest and the conduct of
interrogations are mostly the problems faced by the Criminal Investigation and Detection
Group (CIDG) in regard to investigations. The researcher stated some recommendations that
could help the PNP in avoiding problems like ―comprehensive Training Program on the PNP,
especially CIDG’s anti – trafficking Strategy‖. Thus, study is related to the present study
because it identified the problems encountered by the CIDG in handling human trafficking
cases while the present study seeks to identify the problems encountered during operation.

Belgica (2008) focused on the ―Role Performance of the Sangguniang Kabataan in

Selected Barangays of Daraga, Albay.‖ It also dealt with the factors that affected their
performance. It was found out that the role of the Sangguniang Kabataan in the barangay; the
end product of the activities of the Sangguniang Kabataan; and the performance of their duties
should always be for the benefit of their youth constituents. It also found out that
organizational work is effectively accomplished if majority, if not all of the constituents were
able to participate and thus would be benefit from such activities and projects.

The study of the Barbudo (2003) on ―Job Satisfaction and Work Performance of the
Bureau of Fire and Protection Personnel in Legazpi City,‖ was revealed that most of the
respondents were male, middle aged and married. These personnel occupy fire officer
 20

positions; have acquired bachelor’s degree; were eligible as fire officers; and had attended and
completed 1 basic training with 15 years in the service. The personnel of the BFP had a
satisfied adjectival rating in terms of Herberg’s Two Factor Theory, and Motivation and
Hygiene Factor while their level of the effectiveness of the work performance had an
adjectival rating of very satisfactory.

The study conducted by Fradela (2010) on the ―Resource Capability and Performance
of the Bureau of Fire Protection Daraga, Albay‖ revealed that the moderate resource capability
of the BFP Daraga is an indication that there is a need to develop and improve the department
to achieve its highest capability. Fradela’s study is related to the present study as both dealt
with the duties and responsibilities performed by the officers. Her study focused on the
capability and performance of the BFP in Daraga, Albay. Similarly, the present study also
focused on the performance of the officers but along the duties and responsibilities of police in
Daraga, Albay.

Theoretical Framework

First, according to John Zaller's Memory-Based Information processing theory, people

possessed conflicting consideration about a same issue. A consideration is anything stored in
one’s memory that might affect the result of responding one way or another. According to this
theory, when responding to surveys, people do not manage to have a comprehensive inquiry in
their memory. Whatever it is at the top of their mind is defined by a hundred of random factors
which includes people’s demographic profile.

Second, according to Leverage Saliency Theory of Participation, respondents may be

attracted to cooperate or disapprove a research request for a variety of reasons. Each of this
reason may have different level of influence in every respondent. These respondents are most
likely to accept a request when those factors that are significant to them are focused during the
request.
 21

The Leverage Saliency Theory of Participation is beneficial in understanding why different

individual approaches in motivating survey respondents had various results. Each individual is
unique and has unique experiences. Thus, these respondents are motivated in unique ways.
Some example of relevant positive motivators are survey topic interest, survey incentive,
familiarity and feeling towards survey sponsor, and feelings of personal reward associated
with giving one’s time to a worthwhile effort.

Lastly, the researchers considered the six dimensions of service quality outlined by
Mastrofski in order to support the specific second problem in this study. The researchers have
chosen this model of Mastrofski to prove the quality of services such as attentiveness,
reliability, responsiveness, competence, manners, and fairness given by police officers in
Barangay Balibago, Angeles City.

Significance of the Study

Community. The community will benefit from the study especially Barangay Balibago,

City of Angeles, and Pampanga. Citizens of Barangay Balibago will be able to assess the kind

of quality of services being provided by the police at Police Station IV. It will also enlighten

the citizens of the current image of the police officers based on the quality of services provided

by the police.

Local Government Unit. The local government officials may draft a policy development

program in improving the job performances of the police by taking into consideration the

further results of this study.

 22

Philippine National Police. The police officers also in the area of the study will greatly

benefit from this study taking into consideration as well the present public perception of the

police performance in Balibago, Angeles City. Members of the police force can be able to

initiate development programs involving the image of the police taking into consideration the

future recommendations of this study which might help them in improving the policing system

they had implemented.

Researchers. The researchers of this study will also benefit from the outcome of this

study pertaining to the perception of the public towards the police work performance as they

will analyze and observe the current reputation that the police have as their probable future

field of profession someday.

Future Researchers: This study would be significant to the future researchers to get
information, idea and have knowledge from the findings derived from this study during their
study related to assessment of public perception of the police towards

Job Performance, assessment whether an employee has done their job well. In the
present study, job performance of the PNP personnel will be assessed as to their attentiveness,
fairness, manners, responsiveness, reliability, and competence of the police personnel.

Public Perception, the type of information obtained from public opinion about the
work/job performance of the police.
 23

Research Methods and Procedures

Research Design

This study employs a descriptive type of research design for the study involves an
assessment of the level of job performances of the personnel of Police Station IV in Barangay
Balibago, Angeles City (Sevilla, 1992). It is descriptive because it is primarily concerned with
the nature or conditions and degree in detail of the present situation (Landman, 1988: 59). The
descriptive method of research was used in this study. Descriptive method of research is a fact-
finding study with adequate and accurate interpretation of the findings. It illustrates present
conditions, practices, situations, or any phenomena based on impressions or reactions of
respondents. In this method, the respondents answered the survey questionnaire in the easiest
way that they could and understand the questions well on the level of their comprehension.
The survey techniques employed were through the use of questionnaires.

Data Gathering Procedures

The researchers will make necessary communications and arrangements to the respondents
on the date, manner, and mode of floating and retrieval of questionnaires. First, the respondents
will be oriented on how to answer it to avoid confusion in answering the survey questionnaire.
Afterwards, the questionnaires will be collected and sorted; derived data will be tallied and
recorded in the excel file.

Second, to ensure that no questionnaire will be answered randomly and that no item will be
left blank, the researchers will firmly check whether all the questions were answered properly. If
there will be an unanswered questions, the respondents will be asked to answer them again.

Lastly, when data were collected and tallied using excel file, analysis, and interpretation of
the results will be conducted by the researchers. To interpret the data and give meaning to it, the
 24

researchers will be using the statistical stools that are typically used in the analysis and
interpretation of data.

Statistical Treatment of Data

In treating the duly accomplished questionnaire for specific problem statements, the
researchers used of frequency, percentage, weighted mean, the use of Likert scale as the
measuring scale. Then the data will be statistically interpreted using descriptive statistics and
with the use of the statistical stool Excel used in the analysis and interpretation of data.

The following were the statistical tools used in the treatment and analysis of the collected data to
with:
1. Frequency of the respondents’ answer in every item will be tallied and tabulated. The over-
all answers of the respondents in the questionnaire will be subsequently converted into
percentage.
2. Percentage Method. This method will be used to determine the profile of the respondents,
and to determine percentages of the responses. The formula is shown below:
Where:
F=frequency
N= Total Number of Respondents
100%= Constant value
3. Weighted Mean. An average computed by giving different weights to some of the individual
values. If all the weights are equal, then the weighted mean is the same as the arithmetic
mean. Whereas weighted means generally behave in a similar approach to arithmetic
means, they do have a few counter instinctive properties. Where:
x is the repeating value
w is the number of occurrences of x (weight)
x is the weighted mean
 25

4. Likert Scale. A Likert scale is a psychometric scale commonly involved in research that
employs questionnaires. All items are assumed to be replications of each other or in other
words items are considered to be parallel instruments. To interpret the data collected, the
Likert scale is used and in the evaluation of the instructional materials

Likert Scale

Scale Numerical Equivalent Verbal Interpretation

4 3.50 – 4.00 Strongly Agree (SA)

3 2.50 – 3.49 Agree (A)
2 1.50 – 2.49 Disagree (D)
1 1.00 – 1.49 Strongly Disagree (SD)

Results and Discussions

The table 1 below shows the age of the respondents. It shows that eighty-six (86) or 22.51 %

of the respondents are from 17 to 21 years old, one hundred eighteen (118) or 30.89% are from

22 to 26 years old, forty-seven (47) or 12.30% are from 27 – 31 years old, thirty-eight (38) or

09.95% are from 37 – 41 years old, twenty-six (26) or 06.81% are from 42 – 46 years old,

twenty (20) or 05.24% are from 47 to 51 years old, fifteen (15) or 03.93% are from 47 to 51

years old, nineteen (19) or 04.97% are from 52 to 56 years old, eight (8) or 02.09% are from

57 to 61 years old, five (5) or 01.31% are from 62 to 66 years old and eighty-six (86) or

22.51% are from 67 years old and above. It only shows that more than 30% of the respondents

are from 22 years old to 26 years old.

 26

Table 1. Age of the respondents

Age Frequency Percentage

17-21 years old 86 22.51

22-26 years old 118 30.89
27-31 years old 47 12.30
32-36 years old 38 09.95
37-41 years old 26 06.81
42-46 years old 20 05.24
47-51 years old 15 03.93
52-56 years old 19 04.97
57-61 years old 8 02.09
62-66 years old 5 01.31
67 years old and above 86 22.51
Total 382 100%

The table 2 below shows the gender of the respondents. It shows that two hundred thirteen

(213) or 55.76% of the respondents are male while one hundred sixty-nine (169) or 44.24% are

female. It only shows that there are more male respondents as compared to the female

respondents.

Table 2. Gender of the Respondent

Gender Frequency Percentage

Male 213 55.76

Female 169 44.24
Total 382 100%

The table 3 below shows the civil status of the respondents. It shows that one hundred eighty-

one (181) or 47.38% of the respondents are single, one hundred twenty-one (121) or 31.67%

are married, two (2) or 0.52% are annulled, twenty-eight (28) or 07.33% are separated, nine (9)
 27

or 2.35% are widowed and forty-one (41) or 10.73% are live-in. It only means that almost fifty

percent of the respondents are single and more than 25% of the respondents are married.

Table 3. Civil Status of the Respondents

Civil Status Frequency Percentage

SINGLE 181 47.38

MARRIED 121 31.67
ANNULLED 2 00.52
SEPARETED 28 07.33
WIDOWED 9 02.35
LIVE-IN 41 10.73
Total 382 03.93

The table 4 below shows the socio-economic status of the respondents. It shows that sixty (60)

or 15.71% of the respondents have a monthly income below P5, 000, ninety-seven (97) or

25.39% have a monthly income P5, 001 to P10, 000, eighty-four (84) or 21.99% have a

monthly income of P10,001 to P15, 000, seventy-two (72) or 18.85% have a monthly income

of P15,001 to P20, 000, thirty-nine (39) or 10.21% have a monthly income of P20,001 to

P30,000, twenty-two (22) or 5.76% have a monthly income of P30, 001 to P40, 000, five (5) or

1.31% have a monthly income of P40,001 to P50,000 and three (3) or 0.78% have a monthly

income of P50, 001 to P60,000. It only means that more than 80.00% of the respondents do not

pay their tax since their yearly income does not exceed to P250,000.

Table 4. Socio Economic Status of the Respondents

SOCIO-ECONOMIC Frequency Percentage

STATUS
(GROSS FAMILY
INCOME/MONTH)
5,000 and below 60 15.71
5,000 to 10,000 97 25.39
10,000 to 15,000 84 21.99
 28

15,000 to 20,000 72 18.85

20,000 to 30,000 39 10.21
30,000 to 40,000 22 05.76
40,000 to 50,000 5 01.31
50,000 to 60,000 3 00.78
Total 382 100%

The table 5 below shows the educational attainment of the respondents. It shows that six (6) or

1.57% of the respondents are Ph.D. degree level, three (3) or .78% are master’s degree level,

five (5) or 1.31% are master’s degree holder, one hundred twenty-seven (127) or 33.25% are

college graduate, one hundred two (102) or 26.71% are college level, eighty (80) or 20.94%

are high school graduate, thirty (30) or 7.85% are high school level, fourteen (14) or 3.66% are

elementary graduate and fifteen (15) or 3.92% didn’t attend school. It only means that 63.62 %

of the respondents reach college. It only implies that many of the respondents are educated.

Table 5. Educational Attainment of the Respondents

Educational Attainment Frequency Percentage

Ph. D. Degree Level 6 01.57

Ph. D. Degree Holder 0 00.00
Master's Degree Level 3 00.78
Master's Degree Holder 5 01.31
College Graduate 127 33.25
College Level 102 26.71
High School Graduate 80 20.94
High School Level 30 07.85
Elementary Graduate 14 03.66
Elementary Level 0 00.00
Didn't Attend School 15 03.92
Total 382 100%
 29

The table 6 below shows the performance of the police officers in terms of their attentiveness.

It showed that the over-all mean is 3.31. The highest mean is 3.37 that means the citizens give

satisfactory performance on how the police officers listen to their problems. On the hand, the

lowest mean is 3.24 which means that the citizens are giving satisfactory performance with

how the police officers answer call in a timely manner. The results show that the police

officers were able to get enough information to the citizens in terms of their problems. In

addition, the police officers were able to give response to the calls of the citizens most

especially in times of need.

Table 6. Performance Assessment of Attentiveness of the Police Officers

Attentiveness Mean Description

1. The police listen to 3.37 Agree (A)

citizens’ problems.

2. The police answer 3.24

Agree (A)
calls in a timely
manner.

3. It is easy to contact 3.30 Agree (A)

the police.
Over-all mean 3.31 Agree (A)

The table 7 below shows the performance of the police officers in terms of their reliability. It

showed that the over-all mean is 3.34. The highest mean is 3.39 that means the citizens assess

the performance of the police as satisfactory with how they resolve citizens’ problems. On the

other hand, the lowest mean is 3.26 that means the citizens give a satisfactory performance

with how trustworthy police officers are. It only means that the police are reliable in giving

solutions to the problem of the citizens.

 30

Table 7. Performance Assessment of Reliability of the Police Officers

Reliability Mean Description

1. The police are 3.38 Agree (A)

knowledgeable
about rules.
Agree (A)
2. The police resolve 3.39
citizens’ problems.

3. The police officers 3.26 Agree (A)

are trustworthy.
Over-all mean 3.34 Agree (A)

The table 8 below shows the performance of the police officers in terms of their fairness. It

showed that the over-all mean is 3.23. The highest mean is 3.27 that means the citizens assess

the performance of the police as satisfactory with their fairness to people regardless of their

age, sex, socio-economic status, race, etc.… On the other hand, the lowest mean is 3.17 that

means the citizens give a satisfactory performance with their fairness to the general public. It

only means that the police officers treat people equally. In addition, they are not biased with

how they handle cases.

Table 8. Performance Assessment of Fairness of the Police Officers

Fairness Mean Description

1. The police are fair 3.17

Agree (A)
to the general
public.

2. The police are 3.27

neutral to the
people regardless Agree (A)
of age, sex, socio-
economic status,
race, etc.
 31

3. There are fair 3.25

decisions while Agree (A)
issuing traffic
citations.
Agree (A)
Over-all Mean 3.23

The table 9 below shows the performance of the police officers in terms of their manners. It

showed that the over-all mean is 3.41. The highest mean is 3.45 that means the citizens assess

the performance of the police as satisfactory with their approach to their problems. It also said

that the police behave in an acceptable manner. On the other hand, the lowest mean is 3.34 that

means the citizens give a satisfactory performance with how the police maintain good personal

relationship with them. It means that police officers know how to handle problems without

comprising their behavior.

Table 9. Performance Assessment of Manner of the Police Officers

Manners Mean Description

1. The police address 3.44

Agree (A)
citizens in an
appropriate tone.

2. The police
approach citizen’s
3.45 Agree (A)
problems in an
acceptable
behavior.

3. The police 3.34

maintain good
Agree (A)
interpersonal
relationship with
the citizen.
Agree (A)
Over-all mean 3.41
 32

The table 10 below shows the performance of the police officers in terms of their

responsiveness. It showed that the over-all mean is 3.35. The highest mean is 3.40 that means

the citizens assess the performance of the police as satisfactory with the response of the police

officers to their problems. On the other hand, the lowest mean is 3.28 that means the citizens

give a satisfactory performance with how the police response towards citizens. It only means

that police officers were able to give instant solutions to the problems of the citizens. In

addition, they were able to give quick response to the needs of the citizens.

Table 10. Performance Assessment of Responsiveness of the Police Officers

Responsiveness Mean Description

1. The police follow 3.37

Agree (A)
up the concerns of
the citizens.

2. The police are 3.28

Agree (A)
responsive towards
citizens.

3. The police officers 3.40

render immediate Agree (A)
solutions to
citizen’s problems.
Agree (A)
Over-all mean 3.35

The table 11 below shows the performance of the police officers in terms of their competency.

It showed that the over-all mean is 3.39. The highest mean is 3.46 that means the performance

of the police in terms of their competency is satisfactory since they are skilled in handling

concerns and disputes of the citizens and they were able to do their job well effectively and

efficiently. On the other hand, the lowest mean is 3.36 that means the citizens give a
 33

satisfactory performance with the competence of the police. It only means that the police

officers act in solving the problem of the citizens. The results only show that the police

officers are competent since they manage to do their job in giving solutions and handling

disagreements effectively and efficiently among the citizens.

Table 11. Performance Assessment of Competence of the Police Officers

Competence Mean Description

1. The police are

skilled in handling
concerns and 3.46 Agree (A)
disputes of the
citizens.

2. The police take 3.36

action towards
solving problems Agree (A)
of citizens.

3. The police officers

are doing their job
3.46 Agree (A)
well, efficient and
effectively.

Over-all mean 3.39 Agree (A)

Table 12 shows the relationship between the age of the respondents and their assessment on

the performance of the police officers. It was revealed that the age of the respondents does not

have significant relationship with the performance of the police officer since all the p-values

are greater than 0.05. It means that the age of the respondents does not affect their assessments

with regards with how the police officers perform their job.
 34

Table 12. Relationship between Age of the respondents and Performance of the Police
Officers
Decision
Hypothesis p-value (significant at
p-value < 0.05)
There is no significant relationship between the age of the
0.668 not significant
respondents and attentiveness of the police officers
There is no significant relationship between the age of the
0.755 not significant
respondents and reliability of the police officers
There is no significant relationship between the age of the
0.953 not significant
respondents and fairness of the police officers
There is no significant relationship between the age of the
0.815 not significant
respondents and manners of the police officers
There is no significant relationship between the age of the
0.968 not significant
respondents and responsiveness of the police officers
There is no significant relationship between the age of the
0.397 not significant
respondents and competence of the police officers

Table 13 shows the relationship between the gender of the respondents and their assessment

on the performance of the police officers. It was revealed that the gender of the respondents

does not have significant relationship with the performance of the police officer since all the p-

values are greater than 0.05. It means that the gender of the respondents does not affect their

assessments with regards with how the police officers perform their job.

Table 13. Relationship between Gender of the respondents and Performance of the Police
Officers
Decision
(significant
Hypothesis p-value at
p-value <
0.05)
There is no significant relationship between the gender of the not
0.105
respondents and attentiveness of the police officers significant
There is no significant relationship between the gender of the not
0.335
respondents and reliability of the police officers significant
There is no significant relationship between the gender of the not
0.515
respondents and fairness of the police officers significant
There is no significant relationship between the gender of the 0.335 not
 35

respondents and manners of the police officers significant

There is no significant relationship between the gender of the not
0.654
respondents and responsiveness of the police officers significant
There is no significant relationship between the gender of the not
0.559
respondents and competence of the police officers significant

Table 14 shows the relationship between civil status of the respondents and performance of

the police officers. It was revealed that the civil status of the respondents does not have

significant relationship with the performance of the police officer since all the p-values are

greater than 0.05. It means that the civil status of the respondents does not affect their

assessments with regards with how the police officers perform their job.

Table 14. Relationship between Civil Status of the respondents and Performance of the
Police Officers
Decision
(significant
Hypothesis p-value at
p-value <
0.05)
There is no significant relationship between the civil status of the not
0.515
respondents and attentiveness of the police officers significant
There is no significant relationship between the civil status of the not
0.845
respondents and reliability of the police officers significant
There is no significant relationship between the civil status of the not
0.24
respondents and fairness of the police officers significant
There is no significant relationship between the civil status of the not
0.097
respondents and manners of the police officers significant
There is no significant relationship between the civil status of the not
0.089
respondents and responsiveness of the police officers significant
There is no significant relationship between the civil status of the not
0.714
respondents and competence of the police officers significant

Table 15 shows the relationship between the socio-economic status of the respondents and

performance of the police officers. It was revealed that the socio economic of the respondents
 36

have significant relationship with the performance of the police officer since all the p-values

are less than 0.05. It means that the socio-economic status of the respondents affects their

assessments with regards with how the police officers perform their job. Based on the findings,

it shows that as the socio-economic status of the respondents increases, their assessment on the

police officers will more likely increases. The researchers believe that when police officers

maintain organize and peaceful place, many investors will be investing and that will lead to

high socio-economic status because there will be more job opportunities will be given to the

citizens.

Table 15. Relationship between Socio Economic Status of the respondents and
Performance of the Police Officers
Decision
(significant
Hypothesis p-value at
p-value <
0.05)
There is significant relationship between the socio-economic
0.00001 significant
status of the respondents and attentiveness of the police officers
There is significant relationship between the socio-economic
0.00001 significant
status of the respondents and reliability of the police officers
There is significant relationship between the socio-economic
0.00001 significant
status of the respondents and fairness of the police officers
There is significant relationship between the socio-economic
0.00025 significant
status of the respondents and manners of the police officers
There is significant relationship between the socio-economic
0.00001 significant
status of the respondents and responsiveness of the police officers
There is significant relationship between the socio-economic
0.01 significant
status of the respondents and competence of the police officers

Table 16 shows the relationship between educational attainment of the respondents and

performance of the police officers. It was revealed that the educational attainment of the

respondents does not have significant relationship with the performance of the police officer

since all the p-values are greater than 0.05. It means that the educational attainment of the
 37

respondents does not affect their assessments with regards with how the police officers

perform their job.

Table 16. Relationship between Educational Attainment of the respondents and

Performance of the Police Officers
Decision
(significant
Hypothesis p-value at
p-value <
0.05)
There is no significant relationship between the educational
not
attainment of the respondents and attentiveness of the police 0.714
significant
officers
There is no significant relationship between the educational not
0.089
attainment of the respondents and reliability of the police officers significant
There is no significant relationship between the educational not
0.515
attainment of the respondents and fairness of the police officers significant
There is no significant relationship between the educational not
0.204
attainment of the respondents and manners of the police officers significant
There is no significant relationship between the educational
not
attainment of the respondents and responsiveness of the police 0.204
significant
officers
There is no significant relationship between the educational
not
attainment of the respondents and competence of the police 0.292
significant
officers

Summary

Generally, in terms of the ages of the respondents, more than 75% of the respondents’

ages are from 17 to 21 years, 22 to 26 years old and 67 years old and above. In addition, two

hundred thirteen (213) or 55.76% of the respondents are male while one hundred sixty-nine

(169) or 44.24% are female. Also, almost fifty percent of the respondents are single and more

than 25% of the respondents are married. Moreover, more than 80.00% of the respondents do

not pay their tax since their yearly income does not exceed to P250, 000 and more than 50% of

the respondents attended college.

 38

Based on Performance Assessment of Attentiveness of the Police Officers, it showed

that the police officers were able to get enough information to the citizens in terms of their

problems. In addition, the police officers were able to give response to the calls of the citizens

most especially in times of need. In terms of the performance of the police officers on

reliability, the police officers are reliable in giving solutions to the problem of the citizens. It

also shows that police officers treat people equally. In addition, they are not biased with how

they handle cases. Moreover, police officers know how to handle the problems of the citizens

without comprising their behavior. Also, they were able to give instant solutions to the

problems of the citizens. In addition, they were able to give quick response to the needs of the

citizens and they act immediately in solving the problem of the citizens.

Furthermore, it was found out that the socio-economic status of the respondents is

significantly associated with the performance of the police officers while age, gender, civil

status and educational attainment are not significantly correlated with the assessment of the

respondents on the performance of the police officers.

Interview with the Barangay Captain Tony Mamac

a. Services to the community.

As far as the crime rate is concern it is lower from the previous so the crime preventive

program of Police Station 4 is very effective.

b. Crime preventive measures.

 39

What the police do is most of their Personnel thus not stay inside the Police station rather they

stay outside the Police station, crime thus not happen inside the station but it happens outside

so the crime preventive and strategy of Police station 4 is okay.

c. Performance on security measures.

Security basis you can see them around the clock of Police visibility and before you can only

see the patrol cars in tertiary level streets if there is a crime but now even without crime, we

can see them roving. Conducting regular Police visibility and patrolling on crime prone areas.

d. Overall concern for the community.

That is one of their duties to protect life and property so they must do it

e. What can you recommend on the PNP station 4.

Number 1 the facilities must be enhanced, improved and developed because of the increasing

population of brgy. Balibago. The total population of brgy. Balibago is more than 50,000

resulting to lack of personnel if we will base on 1 police personnel to 500 citizens. We need

more personnel resulting big facilities to accommodate the needs of the community.
 40

Conclusions

The following conclusions were drawn from the study:

The respondent’s age ranges from 22 to 26 years old. Males dominate the participants,

they are single and their annual income is within 250,000 pesos and that most attended college.

There are many male respondents as compared to female respondents. It was revealed from the

study that the police of Station IV, Balibago, Angeles City, favorably provides high level

quality of services such as attentiveness, reliability, fairness, manners, responsiveness, and

competence as perceived by the research respondents. The survey reveals further that the

police are viewed in a positive light by the respondents, however, there are some who

disapprove of the police due to bad experience in the past or due to bad media projection.

The socio-economic status of the respondents is significantly correlated to their assessment

on the performance of the police officers. The age, gender, civil status and educational

attainment of the respondents are not significantly correlated to their assessment on the

performance of the police officers.

Recommendations

The following recommendations were drawn based from the result of the study.

1. Police officers should always monitor the calls so that they can response to the needs of

the citizens. A monitoring system must be designed for this purpose.

 41

2. Police officers should always practice working with honesty and integrity to earn the

trust of the citizens. Police community relations must be improved and sustained.

3. Police officers should always be consistent with implementing and giving decisions

when issuing traffic citations.

4. Police officers should maintain a friendly environment among the citizens so that they

will be able to build rapport with them.

5. Police officers should always practice punctuality most especially in responding with

the need of the citizens.

6. Police officers should take actions immediately without delaying so that they can help

the citizens solve their problems efficiently.

7. Police officers should be given seminars and trainings with the new trends on how to

respond to the needs of citizens to improve their performance.

8. Police officers should constantly monitor the public places especially at night to ensure

safety and security among the citizens.

9. More Research studies should be concluded to update Job Performance of PNP

personnel.

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www.raosoft.com