SSC MAINS - 2017 NEON CLASSES, JAIPUR • 9828728833/34

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11. What is the value of 143 + 163 + 183 +…+ 303 ? 2. 𝑎5 + 𝑏 5

143 + 163 + 183 + … + 303 dk eku D;k gSA = 𝑎 + 𝑏 𝑎4 − 𝑎3 𝑏 + 𝑎2 𝑏 2 − 𝑎𝑏 3 + 𝑏 4

(a) 134576 (b) 120212 = 𝑎5 − 𝑎4 𝑏 + 𝑎3 𝑏 2 − 𝑎2 𝑏 3 + 𝑎𝑏 4 + 𝑎4 𝑏

(c) 115624 (d) 111672 − 𝑎3 𝑏 2 + 𝑎2 𝑏 3 − 𝑎𝑏 4 + 𝑏 5

(SSC Mains 2017, 17 Feb. 2018) = 𝑎5 + 𝑏 5

Solution : 3. 𝑎7 + 𝑏 7 = 𝑎 + 𝑏 𝑎6 − 𝑎5 𝑏 + 𝑎4 𝑏 2 − 𝑎3 𝑏 3 +

143 + 163 + ............... + 303 𝑎2𝑏4−𝑎𝑏5+𝑏6

 23 (73 + 83 + ............. + 153) = 𝑎7 − 𝑎6 𝑏 + 𝑎5 𝑏 2 − 𝑎4 𝑏 3 + 𝑎3 𝑏 4 − 𝑎2 𝑏 5 +

 23 [(13 + .............. + 153) - (13 + .......... + 63) ] 𝑎𝑏 6 + 𝑎6 𝑏 − 𝑎5 𝑏 2 + 𝑎4 𝑏 3 − 𝑎3 𝑏 4 + 𝑎2 𝑏 5

−𝑎𝑏 6 + 𝑏 7
Formula:
= 𝑎7 + 𝑏 7
2
𝑛 𝑛+1
13 + 23 +. … . . + 𝑛3 = General Form :
2

an + bn = (a + b) 𝑎𝑛−1 − 𝑎𝑛−2 𝑏 +
15×16 2 6×7 2
2 3
−
2 2
𝑎𝑛−3𝑏2…………+𝑏𝑛−1, if n is odd.
 23 [(120)2 – (21)2]
There are n terms in bracket.
= 8 (13959) = 111672
Extension of this formula :
Neon Approach : 𝑎𝑛 + 𝑏 𝑛 + 𝑐 𝑛 is divisible by (a + b + c),

;g la[;k 14 + 16 + ...............+ 30 = 198 ls foHkkftr if n is odd and a, b and c are in arithmetic

gksxhA 198 dk digit sum 9 gS] vr% answer dk progression (A.P) and similarly, 𝑎𝑛 + 𝑏 𝑛 +

digit sum Hkh 9 gh gksxkA 𝑐𝑛+𝑑𝑛 is divisible by (a + b + c + d).

,slk dsoy ,d gh option (d) 111672 gSA 𝑎𝑛 + 𝑏 𝑛 + 𝑐 𝑛 dks (a + b + c) foHkkftr djsxk ;fn

Concept : n ,d fo"ke la[;k gks rFkk a, b, c lekUrj Js<+h esa gksA

• (an + bn) is divisible by (a + b), if n is odd blh izdkj 𝑎𝑛 + 𝑏 𝑛 + 𝑐 𝑛 + 𝑑 𝑛 dks (a + b + c +

(an + bn) dks (a + b) foHkkftr djsxk ;fn n ,d fo"ke d) foHkkftr djsxkA

la[;k gksA Hence, the above mentioned situation can

Explanation: be extended for any number of terms.
1. 𝑎3 + 𝑏 3 = 𝑎 + 𝑏 𝑎2 − 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏 2 The condition is that, the terms should b in AP.
= 𝑎3 − 𝑎2 𝑏 + 𝑎𝑏 2 + 𝑎2 𝑏 − 𝑎𝑏 2 + 𝑏 3 And n is odd.
3 3
=𝑎 +𝑏 (𝑎𝑛 + 𝑏 𝑛 + 𝑐 𝑛 … … … … 𝑥 𝑛 ) is divisible by (a +

b + c +………… 𝑥)

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a, b, c………… are in arithmetic progression All the terms except the last one contain 19

and n is odd. and the last terms get cancelled out. Hence,

Example: the remainder obtained on dividing by 19 will

What is the remainder obtained when be Zero.

179 + 219 + 259 + 299 is divided by 92 ? bl expression ds lHkh inksa esa 19 ekStwn jgsxk rFkk

Solution : dsoy vafre in esa 19 dh txg 423 vk;sxk tks fd ,d

It can be seen that 17, 21, 25 and 29 are in ckj /kukRed rFkk ,d ckj _.kkRed gksxkA vr% ;s nksuksa

Arithmetic progression and power n is odd. eku vkil esa cancelled out gks tk;saxsA vr% 19 ls Hkkx

Further, nsus ij 'ks"kQy 0 vk;sxkA

Denominator = 17 + 21 + 25 + 29 = 92 Binomial Theorem:

Hence it will be divisible by 92. (x + y) 2 = x2 + 2xy + y2

Therefore remainder obtained = 0. (x + y) 3 = x3 + 3x2y + 3xy2 + y3

17, 21, 25 rFkk 29 lekUrj Js<h esa gS] rFkk budk ;ksx (x + y) 4 = x4 + 4x3y + 6x2y2 + 4xy3 + y4

92 gS vkSj n ,d fo"ke la[;k gSA vr% 'ks"kQy 0 vk;sxkA (x + y)5 = x5 + 5x4y + 10x3y2 + 10x2y3 + 5xy4

CAT Questions + y5

Q. 1 The remainder, when 1523 + 2323 is divided For a binomial involving subtraction, the

by 19, is ? theorem can be applied by using the form (x –

(1) 4 (2) 15 y) n = (x + (-y)) n.

(3) 0 (4) 18 This has the effect of changing the sign of

(CAT 2004, November) every other term in the expansion.

Solution : (x - y) 2 = x2 - 2xy + y2

n is odd, hence it is divisible by 15 + 23 (x - y) 3 = x3 - 3x2y + 3xy2 - y3

= 38, and therefore, it will be divisible by (x - y) 4 = x4 - 4x3y + 6x2y2 - 4xy3 + y4

19 also. (x - y) 5 = x5 - 5x4y + 10x3y2 - 10x2y3 + 5xy4 - y5

Hence, remainder = 0.

Hence, answer is option (3) Q.2 If 𝑥 = 163 + 173 + 183 + 193 , then x is

Alternatively: divided by 70 leaves a remainder of ?

23
The expression becomes 19 − 4 + (1) 0 (2) 1
23
19 + 4 . (3) 69 (4) 35

(CAT 2005)

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Solution : Solution :

n is odd, and these terms are in arithmetic The sum of the squares of first ‘n’ natural

progression with common difference, d 𝑛 𝑛+1 (2𝑛+1)

numbers is =
2×3

= 1. 𝑛 𝑛+1 (2𝑛+1)
izFke n izkd`r la[;kvksa ds oxksaZ dk ;ksx =
2×3
Hence it is divisible by 16 + 17 + 18 + 19
K = 112 + 122 +. . . . . . . . . . . 212
= 70. And therefore, remainder is Zero,
= 12 + 22 + … 212 − (12 + 22 +. . . . 102 )
Alternatively,
21×22 . 43 10×11 . 21
K= −
This problem can be done by theorem 2×3 2×3

K = 3311 – 385 = 2926.

method also.
Neon approach,
𝑥 = 163 + 173 + 183 + 193
To find the last digit of answer, add the last
= (163 + 193 + 173 + 183 )
digit in each term.
= 163 + 193 + 173 + 183
112 + 122 + 132 + … … … 212
= 16 + 19 162 + 192 − 16 × 19 +
Last digits,
17 + 18 (172 + 182 − 17 × 18)
1+4+9+6+5+6+9+4+1+0+1
= 35(162 + 192 + 172 + 182 − 16 × 19 −
= 46
17 × 18)
Hence, last digit is 6.
The expression in the bracket is divisible by 2,
Only one option contains 6 as last digit
because it will be an even number.
Hence, answer is option (a) 2926.
dks"Bd esa nh xbZ la[;k ,d le la[;k gS] vr% ;g 2 ls

foHkkftr gksxhA Q. 78. What is the fourth proportional to 189, 73

∴ 𝑥 is divisible by both 35 and 2. and 153?

∴ 𝑥 is also divisible by 35 × 2 = 70. 189, 273 vkSj 153 dk pkSFkk vuqikfrd D;k gSA

∴ Remainder = 0 (a) 117 (b) 299

Hence, answer is option (1) (c) 221 (d) 187

(SSC Mains 2017, 17 Feb. 2018)

Q. The sum of 112 + 122 +. . . . . . . . . 212 = ? Solution:

(a) 2926 (b) 3017 a:b::c:d

(c) 3215 (d) 3311 a×𝑑 =𝑏 × 𝑑

(SSC Mains 2012) Product of extremes = Product of means

189 : 273 : : 153 : x

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189 × x = 273 × 153

x = 221

Neon Approach

Last Digit

9×x=3×3

x=1

Hence, the last digit of x is 1.

The correct answer is option (3) 221.

Range :

189 : 273 :: 153 : x

180 : 270 :: 150 : x

2 : 3 :: 150 : 225 (Approx.)

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