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Measurement

 Is the determination or estimation or ratios of the quantities.\

 A number that shows the size or the amount of something.
Usually the number is reference to some standard measurement.
 The action of measuring something.
 Is is either the size, length,mass or amount of something.
‘A unit or system of measuring’
(mass, volume, temperature, length)

Accuracy

 Refers to the closeness of a measure value to a standard or known value

Or how close a particular measurement is to the correct value.
o The quality or state of being CORRECT OR PRECISE.
o The degree to which ‘the result of a measurement’‘the result of a measurement’.
o It is possible to have an accurate measurement that is not precise.

Precise

 Consistency of repeated measurements.

 Refers to the closeness of two or more measurements to each other.
 Precision is indepent to accuracy (vice versa) Neaning to say that.
“You can be very precise but inaccurate;You can be accurate but imprecise:”
You can be accurate and precise at the same time.
o Refinement in a measurement especially as represented by the number of digits given.
o The more consistent(stable/uniform) the results, the more precise the measurement.
o It is possible to have a precise measurement that is not accurate.

For example: How close is the reading of the thermometer to the actual temperature?

First Measurement: Second Measurement: Third Measurement

36.10^C 36.84^C 36.85^C

It is accurate and precise.

Example 2:

There is an archer and a target.

 The archer is accurate when he hits the bull’s eye.
The archer is precise when he consistently hits the same spot all over again.

PRECISE IMPRECISE

o He hits the bull’s eye. o He strikes the bull’s eye.

ACCURATE o He is able to hit the same area o Bu the arrows are not
of the bull’s eye consistently. consistently placed or not in the
same area.

INACCURATE o He misses the bull’s eye. o His arrows strikes at a random

o Hits the same spot all over pattern.
again but still misses the bull’s o Does not hit the same part of the
eye. target time after time.
o He repeatedly hits the target at
the same place even if it’s not
the target.

Measurement of Density

 Measuring the density of an object with the formula of density is equals to mass divided by voulume.
d=m/v

For example: Density of a glass of water.

Mass = 100 g Volume = 100 ml

Density of water is = 1g/ml

Objects with a greater density than 1 will sink while; objects with a density lower than 1 will float.

If a block has a density of 0.1g/ml, it’ll float because the density is less than 1.
But 10% of the block sinks and the other 90% floats.
If a block has a density of 0.5g/ml, it’ll float because the density is less than 1.
But 50% of the block is floating and the other 50 % sinks.
If a block has a density of 0.9g/ml, it’ll float.
But 90% of the block sinks and the other 10% floats.
(of the water line; convert it to percentage)

Significant Figures in Measurement

  Are the numbers or digits in your number that you actually know.

For example:

6.0 x 10^-1 = 0.60 6.0 x 10^5 = 600,000

6.0 x 10^1 = 60.0 2.4590 x 10^-4 = 0.00024590

How many sig figs a number should have?

2 rules:
1. If it’s addition or subtraction it’s only the numbers of figures after the decimal point that matters.
The number with the fewest figures after the decimal point decides how many figures you can have
after the decimal in your answer.

1,495.2 + 1.9903 = 1,497.1903 = 1,497.2

.2 (is only 1 number)

2. Has the same sig figs as your least precise measurement.

60 x 5.0839 = 305.034 (but we only know 2 sig figs)

so everything after those 2 numbers is zeroes: 300
We have to point out everyone that the second zero but not the third significant, so we’d write it
into scientific notation 3.0 x 10^2 = 300.

~God Bless~ 