UNIT 03:

Budding Scientist
 DISCOVERING LANGUAGE

Look at the picture and answer questions

about how many degrees each of the
angles has.
A:How many degrees does an obtuse angle
have?
B:It has more than 90°.
A:How many degrees does an acute angle
have?
B: It has less than 90°.
A: How many degrees does a right angle
have?
B: It has 90°.
A: How many degrees does a straight angle
have?
B: It has 180°.
A: How many degrees does a reflex angle
have?
B: It has more than 180°.
 Task 01: Read the text and say if the
statements are true or false.
1. In geometry, a point has no size.
2. The dot is the physical representation of the
point.
3. A straight line is the space between two
points.
4. An angle is the picture formed by two lines.
5. If two lines cross, the opposite angles will be
always different .
6. Acute angle has 90°.
 Our lesson today is about geometry. Geometry has many branches. The first branch
we shall consider is plane geometry — the study of points, lines and figures occurring in
planes. Just what do we mean by these terms? A point is the simplest element in geometry.
It has neither length nor thickness, which is another way of saying that it has no dimensions.
We can represent a point by a dot made with a lead pencil or a piece of chalk. Such a dot is
not a geometric point but a physical point since it has length, width and thickness.
If there are two different points, the shortest distance between them is called a
straight line. This line segment has only one dimension, called length; it does not have width
or thickness. A straight line that we draw on paper with a pencil has width and thickness.
The name ray is given to the part of a line that starts at a given point. A plane figure
formed by two rays is called an angle. In figure 2, there are two rays wit t e same starting
point B. If two lines meet so that all the angles formed are equal, the lines are said to be
perpendicular and the angles are called right angles. If two lines cross, the opposite angles
are always equal.
If an angle is less than a right angle – that is, if it has less than 90 degrees it is called
acute. It is obtuse if it is greater than a right angle – that is, if it has more than 90°. When the
obtuse angle becomes so large that its sides form a straight line, it is a straight angle and has
180°. An angle larger than a straight angle is called a reflex angle. Of course it must have
more than 180°.
That's all for today. Remember that you'll have an exam in geometry next week. If
you revise today's lesson, you will get a good mark. If you don't, you may fail.
 Task 01: Read the text and say if the
statements are true or false.
1. In geometry, a point has no size.TRUE
2. The dot is the physical representation of the
point. TRUE
3. A straight line is the space between two
points. TRUE
4. An angle is the picture formed by two lines. TRUE
5. If two lines cross, the opposite angles will be
always different . FALSE
6. Acute angle has 90°. FALSE
 Task 02: Answer the following
questions:
Yes,
1. Is there
there anyisdifference
a difference. In geometry,
between the point
a point in
has no dimension.
geometry and a dot? That is lengthmany
Why?How and thickness.
dimensions
Whereas
does a dot has
a strainght linelength,
have? width and thickness.
2. IfWhat
two happens if two
lines cross, the lines meet?
opposite angles are always
equal.
3. The
What is the advises
teacher advice that the teacher
his students gives his/her
to revise today's
students?
lesson so that they would have good marks in
next week's exam.
Task 03: What who do the underlined
words refer to in the text?
• It has neither length nor thickness.  A point
• If there are two different points, the shortest
distance between them is called a straight
line.  Two different points
• Of course it must have more than 180°.
 reflex angle
Task 04: In which paragraph is the
degree of each angle mentioned?
In paragraph N° four (§4).
 GRAMMAR DESK
Read the sentences & answer the questions below.
1. If you revise today's lesson, you'll get a good
mark.
2. If two lines cross, the opposite angles are always
equal.
3. If you don't revise your lessons, you may fail.
4. If there are two points, the shortest distance
between them is called a straight line.
1. If you revise today's lesson, you'll get a good mark.
2. If two lines cross, the opposite angles are always equal.
3. If you don't revise your lessons, you may fail.
4. If there are two points, the shortest distance between
them is called a straight line.
• a. Compare the result-clauses of sentences (1&2) written
in bold type. What do you notice about the tenses used?

a. The result clause of sentence 1 is in the future

simple.
The result clause of sentence 2 is in the present
simple.
1. If you revise today's lesson, you'll get a good mark.
2. If two lines cross, the opposite angles are always equal.
3. If you don't revise your lessons, you may fail.
4. If there are two points, the shortest distance between
them is called a straight line.
• b. Which condition is true at any time, the one in sentence
1 or the one in sentence 2? Why?

b. The condition in sentence 1 is true at any time

because it is a general truth.
1. If you revise today's lesson, you'll get a good mark.
2. If two lines cross, the opposite angles are always equal.
3. If you don't revise your lessons, you may fail.
4. If there are two points, the shortest distance between
them is called a straight line.
• c. Which ‘ifs’ in the if-clauses can you replace by ‘when’?
Re-write using ‘when’.

♠ When can replace if in sentences 2 and 4

♠ When two lines cross, the opposite angles are
always equal
♠ When there are two points, the shortest distance
between them is called a straight line.
1. If you revise today's lesson, you'll get a good mark.
2. If two lines cross, the opposite angles are always equal.
3. If you don't revise your lessons, you may fail.
4. If there are two points, the shortest distance between
them is called a straight line.

• d. Order sentences 1 - 4 according to the degree of

certainty expressed in their result clauses.

The order of the sentences is as follows:

(2-4) (1-3)
 Conclusion
Conditional
Conditional If/when…present simple -The result is true at any time
Type 0 present simple Eg:If/when you heat water at
100 degrees Celsius, it boils.

Conditional If………..present simple -The result is possible in the

Type1 future simple[will (or future.
‘ll)/ will not (or won't]... Eg: If I pass my
Bac , I'll celebrate.
 PRACTICE (pp. 82-83)
Task 01 (p. 82) : Put the verbs between brackets
into the correct tense
a- We will
(getget) wet if it (rains).
rains
b- If you (boil)
boil water at 100% centigrade, it
(evaporate).
evaporates
c- If you (throw)
throw water on fire, it (stop)
will stop burning.
d- If you (drink)
drink some cool water, you soon (feel) will feel
better.
e- She (will fall sick if she (drink)
fall) drinks that polluted
water.
Task 02 (p. 82) : Put the verbs between brackets in the sentences into
the right tense. Then match each sentence with its function(Promise-
Offer.-Threat.-Advice. -Warning. -Prediction).
buy two, you (will
1. If you (buy) getget
) one free. (promise)
will help you to do the exercise if you (want).
2. I (help) want (Offer)
3. If you Don’t stop) making noise, I (Will
(not /stop Switchoff
switch) off
the TV.
(threat)
understands if you just(explain
4. He (understand) explain ) why you
came late. (advice)
touch that electric wire, you Will
5. If you (touch) ( get) get an
electric shock. (warning)
6. If this jacket is
(be) the correct size, it will
( fit)fit you.
(prediction)
 Write it right
Use the information below to write a short
description about water properties. Use
conjunctions : if / when / as.

Like air, water is found almost everywhere. It

is familiar to us in different forms-as drinking
water; rain, water vapor, ice and snow.
Water has some surprising qualities. For
example,…..
♥ Most liquids/freeze/ to become denser
Water to become/ lighter
-You/ to fill pan of water with ice cubes/ you/to note/
unmelted particles/to remain at the surface
-Why? Frozen water lighter than water in liquid form
♥ Water to expand / to become ice/to expand/ it /to
exert pressure
to fill a glass bottle/ and to put in the freezer/ bottle/to
break
-Why? expansion of frozen water/to exert pressure on
glass bottle
 Like air, water is found almost everywhere. It
is familiar to us in different forms, as drinking water,
water vapour, ice and snow.
Water has some surprising qualities. For example,
most liquids freeze and become denser, but water
becomes lighter. When you fill a pan of water, with ice
cubes, you note that unmelted particles remain on the
surface. The reason is that frozen water is lighter than
water in liquid form.
When water expands, it becomes ice and it exerts
pressure. If you fill a glass bottle and put it in the
freezer, the bottle breaks. As the frozen water expands,
it exerts pressure on the glass bottle.
 SAY IT LOUD AND CLEAR
• Task : Listen to your teacher reading the
words in the table. Then mark the primary
stress with a prime (').
 A) Words Pronunciation

-Psychology /s a i. kK‘k .l ə. dFi/

K
-Democracy /di. mK‘m .k r ə .s i /
K
-Philosophy /f I . ‘llK . sə . f i/
K
-Responsibility /r is . pKn
‘pK . s ə .bІ. lə.t i/
-Technological /tn e k . nə‘l . lK . dF
i.kəl /
K
 B) Words Pronunciation

-Solution / sə.‘lu
lu. ƒən/

-Television / te. li . ‘vi

vi . ჳən/

-Realistic / ri . ə .‘lis
lis . tik/

-Static /‘stœ
stœ . tik/

-Aeronautics / e . rə .nK
‘n .tiks/
K
 Rules for Word Stress
-Psy ‘CHO
cho lo gy
4 3 2 1
-Res pon si ‘BI
bi li ty
6 5 4 3 2 1
-Te le ‘VI
vi sion
4 3 2 1
-A ero ‘NAU
nau tics
4 3 2 1
 Rules for Word Stress
1. Stress on penultimate syllable (2nd from the
end):
Words ending in ‘ic’ , and ‘ion’
E.g. : e-co-‘no-mic, pre-‘cau-tion.
2. Stress on ante-penultimate syllable (3rd from
the end):
Words ending in ‘y’
E.g.: de-‘mo-cra-cy, il-li-‘te-ra-cy, ‘cer-tain-ty,
phi-‘lo-so-phy, psy-‘cho-lo-gy
 Task: Circle the stressed syllable

• Explosion
• Anthropology
• situation 
• Energetic
• photography
• Fantastic
 HOMEWORK
WORKING WITH WORDS
(Page: 85).
 Take a Break
• Unscramble the letters to find out the name
of a science. Then complete the crossword
puzzle.
Example: hpyiscs = Physics
Across: S Y CH OL OG Y
a-Oglychopsy
M AT E MAT I CS
b-Staticmahem
c-Gloozoy ZOO LO G
d-Maystroon
A T RONOM Y
e-Gloiboy
f-Yelocog B OL OGY
g-Cherymist
Down E O L OGY
h. Hpyiscs CHE M I T RY