STUDENT ID : NP000385

INTAKE ID : NP3F2204IT

STUDENT NAME : Anup Gautam

A. Project Title

Weather Forecasting using Machine Learning

B. Project Background

Problem Context

People are more curious to know the upcoming weather. However, the main problem is to
prediction of the weather. Making accurate forecasts is a fundamental goal of all scientific
endeavours. A physicist or chemist conducts a laboratory experiment in the hopes of uncovering
underlying philosophies that can be used to expect the result of subsequent research constructed
on those ethics. In truth, most scientific rules are nothing more than highly precise forecasts of the
results of specific types of experiments. Few physical inventors, however, are confronted with
extra complicated or difficult forecast difficulties than meteorologists. First off, because the
meteorological laboratory spans the entire planet, it is extremely difficult to gauge the
atmosphere's current status. In addition, the earth's surface is a haphazard mix of land and water,
each of which reacts differently to the sun, the planet's energy source. Additionally, the
atmosphere itself is made up of a variety of gaseous, liquid, and solid elements, all of which have
an impact on the earth's energy balance. One of these elements, water, is constantly changing its
condition. The scale of the atmospheric circulations also varies, from enormously huge ones that
might last for weeks or months to minute whirls that last only a few seconds.  

The problem of forecasting, affording to Miller and Thompson (1975) and Ayado and Burt
(2001), entails a challenge to perceive, understand, as well as anticipate the various interrelations
among the solar energy basis, the earth's corporal features, and the properties as well as motions
of the atmosphere. Therefore, weather forecasts continue to be inaccurate today.

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Rationale

According to the problem stated above, Weather forecasting using machine learning entails a
challenge to perceive, understand, as well as anticipate the various interrelationship between the
solar energy basis, and motion of the atmosphere. For the outcome of the web application, there
are two types of benefits:

Tangible Benefits:

 Allocate the current location of users within a short time frame when the alert button is
activated.
 Helps users to plan their route according to choose of preference (date, humidity and
dewpoint), will be extremely useful for new travelers from different location.
 The button redirects within few seconds once the button is click/tab. Here, Input data
from the device will be sent to GPS server in order to track the location of the device and
users get output data of current temperature, pressure and few descriptions about weather.

Intangible Benefits:

 More secure
 East to use and access.
 User satisfaction, as this GPS application is design to be useful and dependable during
emergency situations.

Nature of Challenge

I must first satisfy the exploring experience of the user. The web application may be seen by
various users using different screen resolutions, browsers, and browser versions. Besides that,
implementing a web browser using linear regression method will be part of the challenge on my
project. The website's privacy will absolutely be considered when developing the web
application. The last but not least, High level programming language or Machine Learning i.e.,
Python will be the most challenging part on how to structure my project.

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C. Project Objectives

Scope and Deliverables

The key goal of this study is to predict the weather built on machine learning with the aid of
dissimilar classifiers of linear regression. The admin and users are the components to make up
this web application. The sections and features listed below will be incorporated in web
applications for the optimal use case. 

The targeted users are admin and all users.

 The system will provide the predicted weather.

 The system will have an easy-to-use interface for using the system for all the users.
 System will provide a graphical interface for the prediction generated and for the user
interface.
 The admin will be able to update or modify the database of the system.
 The Dataset of the weather must be available for the system.
 The all users will read the weather prediction.

Besides that, Additional features of the data mining system are as follows:

 Allow to collect data.

 Allow to clean data.
 Allow to analysis and experiment applying neural network algorithm.
 Allow to investigation and experiment.

D. Resources needed
Hardware:
The following hardware minimums are needed for the personal computer to operate properly and
achieve the system's goals:
 Processor – Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8250U CPU @ 1.60GHz 1.80 GHz
 Random Access Memory (RAM) – 16.0 GB
 Keyboard & Mouse

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  Router (RJ45 / Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi))

Software:

The minimum software requirements for the development and execution of the project are as
follows:

Code Editor and Database Management System (DBMS)

Server-Side Scripting, Web Server and File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Software
 Python
 Jupiter Notebook/ Spider/ Pycharm
 Numpy
 Panda
 Matplotlib

Documentation and Planning

 Microsoft Project
 Microsoft Word

Access to information / expertise

It will be necessary to consult with IT professionals with experience in the creation of web
applications and the security sector when the system is being developed. In addition, Lecturers as
well as personnel may be interviewed and surveyed to acquire information.

User Involvement
Users, professors, and administrators are all involved. There will be involvement from users of
all skill levels, including beginners, casual users, and experts. I'll meet with office staff members
who are now engaged in manual assignment submission activity. In addition, I'll take the
opportunity to obtain users opinions about the system. These users will aid in the phase of
usability testing.

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E. Academic research
In order to complete the tasks, the initial list of books and web pages I will research are as
follows:
I. Books

 Name: Python Machine Learning - Second Edition

Author: Sebastian Raschka, Vahid Mirjalili

Publisher: Packt Publishing

 Name: Learn Python the Hard Way

Author: Zed Shaw
Publisher: Addison-Wesley

 Name: Machine Learning Applied to Weather Forecasting

Author: Mark Holmstrom, Dylan Liu, Christopher Vo
Publisher: Stanford University

 Name: Prediction of Data Traffic Flow Using Machine Learning Approach

Author: Faiyaz Ahmad, Ajay Kumar
Publisher: AIJR Books

 Name: 2022 Complete Python Bootcamp from Zero to Hero in Python

Author: Jose Portilla
Publisher: Udemy

 Name: Practical Data Analysis Using Jupyter Notebook: Learn how to speak the
language of data by extracting useful and actionable insights using Python
Author: Marc Wintjen
Publisher: Amazon

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  Name: Machine Learning in Weather Prediction and Climate Analyses—Applications
and Perspectives

Author: Bogdan Bochenek, Zbigniew Ustrnul

Publisher: Atmosphere

 Name: The Efficiency of Polynomial Regression Algorithms and Pearson Correlation

(r) in Visualizing and Forecasting Weather Change Scenarios
Author: Okba Weslati, Samir Bouaziz and Mohamed Moncef Serbaji
Publisher: Recent Advances in Polynomials

 Name: Python for Data Analysis

Author: Wes McKinney
Publisher: O’Reilly Media

II. Online Resources

 (Dewitte S. C., Artificial Intelligence Revolutionises Weather Forecast, Climate
Monitoring and Decadal Prediction, 2021, 13, 3209)https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13163209
 BOUGEAULT Philippe (2022), Introduction to weather forecasting, Encyclopedia of the
Environment, [online ISSN 2555-0950] url: https://www.encyclopedie-
environnement.org/en/air-en/introduction-weather-forecasting/.
 (Mujib A. B., The Weather Forecast Using Data Mining Research Based on Cloud
Computing, 2017, p. 910)
 (Janani.B, ANALYSIS ON THE WEATHER FORECASTING AND TECHNIQUES,
January 2014, p. volume3 issue 1)

 Dr. C. K. GOMATHY, U. R. (May, 2022). WEATHER FORECASTING APPLICATION

USING PYTHON (Vols. Volume 12, Issue 3, MARCH - 2022). JOURNAL OF
ENGINEERING, COMPUTING & ARCHITECTURE.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/360620450

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F. Development plan for the proposed project

System Development Methodology

The framework used to organize, schedule, and manage the process of establishing an
information system is referred to as a system development methodology (System Development
Methodologies: Conceptual Study, 2017). There are many options for software development
methodologies on the market, and I have chosen two that I believe are the best for structuring,
planning, and controlling the development process. Waterfall methodology will be the first
acceptable system development methodology. The project will be broken up into a series of
phases in a linear framework, with some overlaps between each phase. To ensure that the phase
is in order, it will be tightly regulated. For instance, system design must be finished before
moving on to coding. In addition, it is a great methodology for helping less experienced project
managers, and it is simple to track the evolution of the system. Algorithm approach is an
additional acceptable system development methodology. This will be slightly different with
Waterfall methodology. The algorithm used in our project is Linear Regression. Regression is a
method of modelling a target value based on independent predictors. This method is mostly used
for forecasting and finding out cause and effect relationship between variables. Regression
techniques mostly differ based on the number of independent variables and the type of
relationship between the independent and dependent variables.

G.Evaluation and test plan for the proposed project

Success Criteria

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The main goal of the weather forecasting using machine learning system will rely on the features
of reading weather prediction of day to day. In order to make sure the system is functioning well
before delivering, users and admin from different field will conduct the testing as follows:

Unit Testing
In unit testing, a small portion of an application's testable unit is extracted and tested to
determine if it behaves exactly how the deliverables are expected to. Each component including
date, humidity and dewpoint will be tested separately. Before they can be merged into a
component, each of these units must undergo a testing step.
Integration Testing
Two tested modules are integrated into one component during integration testing. The input data
like date, humidity and dewpoint will change and the new data will be fetched from the database.
Blind text will be used in this phase to test the functioning of the input data, output data, and
database.
Usability Testing
The amount of end-user satisfaction must be measured during usability testing. During this
testing phase, participants will really apply feedback on how actual users of the system use it. In
addition, they will assess the system according to a few criteria, including the graphical user
interface (GUI), the feedback message, and the system's reaction time. For instance, if the
system's graphical user interface is not simple for both casual and inexperienced users, it needs to
be improved.