Problem:

Find out the theoretical stress concentration factor (Kt) for the assigned part from
the charts available in Shigley’s Design book.
Use SolidWorks to model the same part and carry out the simulations to find out
the maximum stress and then find out Kt.

Given Data:
Width = w = 3
w/d = 1.2
r/d = 0.15
Load = F = 4500lb
Material is AISI 304.

What To Find:
Kt =? (Theoretical)
Maximum stress σmax =? (Analytical)
Kt =? (Analytical)

SOLUTION:
Stress concentration factor Kt :
It is defined as a ratio of the maximum stress in the element to the nominal stress.
It is the dimensionless factor.
σ (max)
Kt = σ (nominal )

 From the above equation we can find maximum stress by;

σmax = σnominal ×(Kt)

Nominal Stress:
It is the ratio of the force applied on an object to its area
 Force
σnominal = Area

Now I find the required value to draw the modal on the solid edge;

 From w I will find diameter d ;

w
d = 1.2

3
d = 1.2 = 2.5

Where;
r = 0.15 × d
r = 0.15 × 2.5
r = 0.375
 Graphical Value of Kt from Shigley Book;
From the given values of r and d we get
Kt = 2.2
Now to calculate the area we assume the thickness of 0.5 inches
A=d×t
A = 2.5 × 0.5
A = 1.25
Now;
σnominal = 4500/1.25
σnominal = 3600psi
Now; ( to find maximum stress)
σmax = Kt × σnominal
σmax = 2.2 × 3600
 σmax = 7920 psi

Simulation on solidworks by given data:

 First of all we open the solid part section and then draw a
rectangle on it with width of 3 and thickness of 5.
 And then made two notches of radius 0.25 on upper and lower
end.

 Then we convert the two dimensional modal in 3D.

 The height of this is 0.6in

After modeling according to given data we apply the type of material
on the modal so that we carry out the further steps.
( Material is AISI 304 )

 Now it looks like this.

  Now we have to fix the one end of our modal by click the fixter
advisor so that we apply the exertnal given load on the other
end to find different value analytically.
 And then we apply then the given load on the other end which is
4500lb inverted direction by going to the command of external
load advisor.

Now it look like.

Going to next step first save the previous procedure.

Then go to the Run tab and create mesh.
  First with the density of fine.
 Second with the density of coarse.

Then it becomes like;

 Now we have to run the simulation by taking the density fine it

will give us a very fine or you may say small parts of the modal
simply integrated parts.
 After this I run the simulation.

 To find the maximum stress on the modal I go to the right

window and click the stress1
 The modal show different colours.
 I will get the SI unit to convert this into English units by going to
command of edit definition in stress1.
 Now we get the final form of modal with values we required to
find Kt such as maximum stress.

 From this we get the value of maximum stress which occurs at

the center of the notch.
σm = 9.08 × 103 psi

 Similarly we take the same procedure by taking the density

coarse and then run the simulation to get different value of
stresses.
  After running the simulation we get.

 We get maximum stress value

σmax = 7.178 × 103 psi
Calculations.
Now we find the Kt value with the help of the maximum stresses gain by the
simulation.
 1. By density of fine.
σ ( max❑ )
Kt =
σ (nominal )

9081
Kt = 3600

Kt = 2.5

Now finding the error;

2.2−2.5
% error = 2.2
× 100

% error = -13.6%
2. By density of coarse.
σ (max❑)
Kt = σ (nominal )

7178
Kt = 3600

Kt = 1.9

Now finding the error;

2.2−1.9
% error = 2.2
× 100
% error = 13.6 %