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Description
A social relation or social interaction is the fundamental unit of analysis within the social sciences,
and describes any voluntary or involuntary interpersonal relationship between two or more
individuals within and/or between groups. 

Social interaction is the process of reciprocal influence exercised by individuals over one another
during social encounters. Usually it refers to face-to-face encounters in which people are physically
present with one another for a

Face-to-face interaction of even the simplest sort is a far more socially intricate operation than
we generally recognize. It is rife with unacknowledged rituals, tacit understandings, covert
symbolic exchanges, impression management techniques, and calculated strategic maneuverings.

The Canadian sociologist Erving Goffman went to the Shetland Islands in the 1950s to do
fieldwork on the social structure of the island community for his PhD dissertation. However, he
found that the complex interpersonal relationships in the hotel he stayed at to be a much richer
site for social study. The theories that became the basis for his dramaturgical approach in The
Presentation of the Self in Everyday Life (1959) developed from his detailed observations of the
elaborate “interaction rituals” in everyday social interaction.
Duration

“The impacts of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the
shutdown it triggered at universities across the world, led to a great degree of
social isolation among university staff and students. The aim of this study was
to identify the perceived consequences of this on staff and their work and on
students and their studies at universities.
Isolated, abandoned, depressed. Those are the words used to describe how students feel during the
COVID-19 pandemic. Most of them must study online with very little social interaction.
Unprecedented solitude leads to psychological suffering, in addition to growing impoverishment.

The impact of COVID-19 on student life becomes significant. These can be, for
example, experiencing more workload, adapting oneself to an online learning
mode immediately, or moving back to home without sufficient preparation
but can also include more worries due to uncertainty and fear of pandemic.
The rapid and unplanned change to teaching and learning in the online format brought by
COVID-19 has likely impacted many, if not all, aspects of university students' lives worldwide.
To contribute to the investigation of this change, this study focuses on the impact of the
pandemic on student well-being, which has been found to be as important to student lifelong
success as their academic achievement. Student well-being has been linked to their engagement
and performance in curricular, co-curricular, and extracurricular activities, intrinsic motivation,
satisfaction, meaning making, and mental health. The purpose of this study was to examine how
student perceptions of their degree completion and future job prospects during the pandemic
impact their well-being and what role university support plays in this relationship. 

The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically changed the nature of our social
interactions. In order to understand how protective equipment and distancing
measures influence the ability to comprehend others’ emotions and, thus, to
effectively interact with others, we carried out an analytical study to across the
Grade 11 students at MCNHS. Participants were shown static facial expressions
(Angry, Happy and Neutral) covered by a sanitary mask or by a scarf. They
were asked to evaluate the expressed emotions as well as to assess the degree
to which one would adopt physical and social distancing measures for each
stimulus. Results demonstrate that, despite the covering of the lower-face,
participants correctly recognized the facial expressions of emotions with a
polarizing effect on emotional valence ratings found in females. Noticeably,
while females’ ratings for physical and social distancing were driven by the
emotional content of the stimuli, males were influenced by the “covered”
condition. The results also show the impact of the pandemic on anxiety and
fear experienced by participants. Taken together, our results offer novel
insights on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on social interactions,
providing a deeper understanding of the way people react to different kinds
of protective face covering.

Facial expressions are extremely important for comprehending people’s

emotions and intentions. Specifically, several studies have investigated facial
features crucial to convey and correctly recognize specific emotions. As a
result, it has been demonstrated that both the upper (particularly the eyes)
and lower (particularly the mouth) face are essential for conveying and
decoding emotional facial expressions. Precisely, the eyes and mouth
represent crucial cues for detecting angry and happy expressions,
respectively1,2,3,4,5,6,7.