THE IMPACT OF BULLYING ON SOCIAL INTERACTIONS AMONG SENIOR HIGH

SCHOOL STUDENTS OF PHILIPPINE NIKKEI JIN KAI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

CHAPTER 1
Introduction

Background of the study

Bullying is unwanted and aggressive behavior among school-aged kids that

involve a true or perceived power imbalance. The behavior is perennial or has the
potential to be perennial, over time. Bullying includes actions like creating threats,
spreading rumors, offensive somebody physically or verbally, and excluding somebody
from a bunch by design (Brookshire, 2014).In Indonesia, Roland and Idsoe (2001) have
investigated how reactive aggressiveness and two aspects of proactive aggressiveness,
power-related aggressiveness, and affiliation-related aggressiveness, are associated
with being browbeaten and bullying others. Additionally, they need additionally tried to
differentiate between different types of aggressiveness in bullying among boys and
ladies in numerous grades. Overall, they need found that there was an honest
correlation between each proactive power-related aggressiveness and proactive
affiliation-related aggressiveness and being concerned about bullying. However,
reactive aggressiveness wasn't an honest predictor for bullying behavior. Fandrem et al.
(2009) have additionally conducted a bullying study in Norwegian college victimization
equivalent scales developed by Roland and Idsoe. The result showed that proactive
power-related aggressiveness and affiliation-related aggressiveness are associated with
bullying behavior however somehow completely different in strength in gender relations.
Thus, though there could be completely different ends up in alternative studies, Roland
and Idsoe and Fandrem et al. in their studies have somehow shown associations
between bullying cultural patterns and aggressiveness additionally as between gender
and degree of aggressiveness.
 Two local and international studies have affirmed the frightening scenario of
bullying and faculty violence involving Filipino kids. The intensity of violence has
reached a distressful rate that has pushed policy-makers to formulate bullying hindrance
schemes. Despite organized tries to form colleges a secure surrounding, this perplexity
poses crucial risks that decision for aggressive and determined actions to fight violence
in schools (Ancho, 2013).

Bullying in colleges may be a worldwide drawback that may have negative

consequences for college kid's UN agency area unit a victim. One negative issue is
being afraid to socialize with others. Bullying is comprised of direct behaviors like
teasing, taunting, threatening, hitting, and stealing that area unit initiated by one or a lot
of students against a victim. Additionally, to direct attacks, bullying might also be a lot of
indirect by inflicting a student to be socially isolated through intentional exclusion.
whereas boys generally have interaction in direct bullying strategies, women UN agency
bully area unit a lot of apt to utilize these a lot of delicate indirect methods, like
spreading rumors and imposing social isolation (Ahmad & Smith, 1994; Smith & Sharp,
1994). Whether or not the bullying is direct or indirect, the key part of bullying is that the
physical or psychological intimidation happens repeatedly over time to form an
associate in progress pattern of harassment and abuse (Batsche & Knoff, 1994;
Olweus, 1993).

Verbal and Physical bullying area unit 2 differing kinds and have a pair of various
factors of consequences. It makes the browbeaten unable to socialize with others or
become afraid. Some researchers recommend that college victimization or bullying is
said to demographic factors like gender, age, economic standing, however conjointly
factors student perceptions regarding safety in colleges. For the foremost half, studies
of the implications of bullying in colleges have to target health outcomes for kids
persistently browbeaten by their peers. Conclusions are influenced by however bullying
has been conceptualized and assessed, the particular health outcomes investigated,
and therefore the analysis technique and information analysis used. Results from cross-
sectional surveys recommend that being victimized by peers is considerably associated
with relatively low levels of psychological well-being and social adjustment and to high
levels of psychological distress and adverse physical health symptoms. Retrospective
reports and studies recommend that peer victimization might contribute to later
difficulties with health and well-being. Longitudinal studies give stronger support for the
read that peer victimization may be an important determining factor in schoolchildren's
health and well-being which the consequences durable. Any proof from longitudinal
studies indicates that the tendency to bully others at college considerably predict
resulting delinquent and violent behavior.

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to show the effects of bullying among the students and how it affects
their social interaction as a Senior High School students of Philippine Nikkei Jin Kai
International School

The researchers wanted to answer the following questions:

1. What are the effects of bullying in their academic performance?

2. What is the nature of bullying today?
a. Cyberbullying
b. Physical bullying
c. Verbal bullying
3. What are some of the reasons bullying may start?

Assumptions and Hypothesis

H0: There is no significant impact of bullying on social interactions among Senior

High School students of Philippine Nikkei Jin Kai International School.
Ha: There is a significant impact of bullying on social interactions among Senior
High School students of Philippine Nikkei Jin Kai International School.

Scope and Limitations

This study aims to focus on the effects of bullying to the Senior High School students of
the Philippine Nikkei Jin Kai International School in terms of academic performance and
social interaction. The researchers will conduct the research within August until October
2019 which will be conducted inside the school campus.

Conceptual Framework
Figure 1: Conceptual Framework
The figure 1 is the conceptual paradigm of the study which illustrates the impact
of bullying as the independent variable to the dependent variable, social interaction of
the Senior High School students of Philippine Nikkei Jin Kai International School.
Bullying has liberated actions or outside of control actions. It cannot be stopped nor
does anyone have the authority to not let it spread. This study aims to know the impact
of bullying to the social interactions of the students and how it affects their academic
performance and their daily lives.

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE DEPENDENT VARIABLE

Impact of bullying Social Interaction

Theoretical Framework
Gottfredson and Hirschi (cited by Moon et. al (2008)) cited that low self-control is the
main supply of criminal behaviors and behaviors like crime. People with low self-control
are additional seemingly to hunt immediate gratification, to be physically active, to be
insensitive to others, and to possess restricted psychological feature and educational
skills. Gottfredson and Hirschi conjointly argued that effective parental practices (i.e.,
monitoring, recognition of deviant behaviors, and penalization of deviant behavior) have
a major impact on the event of self-control. Overall, parenting practices are
hypothesized to own a major impact on a child’s self-control, which successively affects
deviant and criminal behaviors.
Differential associations (Sutherland, cited by Moon et. al (2008)) posits that delinquent
and criminal behaviors are learned exceedingly like law-abiding behaviors. Dame Joan
Sutherland (1947) argued that people are additional seemingly to interact in delinquent
and delinquent behaviors after they go together with delinquent peers or deviant folks.
By associating with intimates (i.e., folks and friends) World Health Organization exhibits
delinquent behaviors and/or have favorable attitudes toward the violation of laws,
people learn techniques of committing delinquent or criminal behaviors, still as motives
and attitudes that serve to push criminal and delinquent behaviors. Dame Joan
Sutherland conjointly argued that the results of associations on people vary looking on
frequency, duration, priority, and intensity.
The key proposition of GST is that strains cause delinquency. Criticizing a slim
conception of strain outlined by classical strain theory, Agnew (1992) distended the
sources of strain and sorted them into 3 categories:(a) the failure to attain completely
valued goals, (b) the doable or actual loss of completely valued stimuli—stressful life
events (i.e., parental loss), and (c) the presentation of harmful stimuli to people (i.e.,
emotional and physical abuse, criminal victimization, or discrimination). The opposite
main proposition of GST is that strains produce negative emotions (i.e., anger, anxiety,
depression), that successively influenced delinquency. In step with GST (Agnew, 1992),
people expertise negative emotions, particularly anger, after they are treated unjustly
and below the belt or exposed to negative stimuli.
Significance of the study
The purpose of this study will benefit the following:
The students – This study will encourage them to change their attitude towards other
people.
The teachers – This study can provide them hint to boost their motivational and
teaching materials, techniques or strategies and skills in an open forum to students who
actually need their guidance.
The future researchers - This study will provide the future researchers references and
guide them on doing research.

Definition of terms
Bully - a person who habitually seeks to harm or intimidate those whom they perceive
as vulnerable.
Behavior - the way in which one acts or conducts oneself, especially toward others.
Threats - a statement of an intention to inflict pain, injury, damage, or other hostile
action on someone in retribution for something done or not done.
Violence - behavior involving physical force intended to hurt, damage, or kill someone
or something
Hindrance - a thing that provides resistance, delay, or obstruction to something or
someone.