2 heures

I- READING COMPREHENSION
Text : The Role of Transport in Commerce
The world of business needs a transport system if it is to function effectively. On the one
hand, raw materials have to be brought to the factories for processing. Very often those
materials need to be imported from other countries. There are so many different
materials called for that few countries are able to cater for the needs of their industries.
Some countries are rich in one commodity. Other countries are rich in other
commodities. The resources of all the countries in the world can be made available to
all-so long as there are the necessary means of transport.
For a typical person in an industrialized country there is nothing that he or she
consumes, from food cars, which is not imported from abroad or made at least partially
from imported raw materials.
The world is economically interdependent. A car may be assembled in England from
parts made in Japan or Germany, which are in turn made of raw materials such as
rubber from Malaysia, iron ore from Sweden and chrome from Zimbabwe. The petrol
which fuels it may well come from Saudi Arabia. The total miles travelled by all the
various materials before they become a car this can be used as astronomical.
Even during the production process transport is important. The work flow will be
designed to ensure that the materials being processed travel the shortest possible
distance along the factory floor.
However, it is after the goods have been produced that transport becomes a major issue
again. Between the factories and the final consumers will be a battery of professional
carriers. Fleets of lorries and vans will now be brought into play. In many cases the
factories will use the services of a wholesaler. The wholesaler buys in goods from a
variety of manufacturers and then distributes them to the retailers, or shopkeepers, as
they are more generally called.
The wholesaler reduce the amount of transportation required since they collect supplies
in bulk from the factories and provide a cost-saving delivery service to the retailers.
Additionally, the wholesalers justify their existence by giving advice and information to
retailers in relation to new products, changes in tastes and fashions, and complaints.
For those who look for a more flexible arrangement, cash-and-carry warehouses have
been developed so that the smaller shopkeepers and hoteliers can collect supplies
whenever they are needed. With outward transport costs eliminated and immediate

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payment for the purchases being called for, the cash-and-carry warehouses are able to
reduce their prices, which goes some way towards meeting the transport costs incurred
by their customers.
A- Say whether the following statements are true or false.
1- Transport is hardly useful for the world of business.
2- Each country is rich in all commodities.

ENGLISH FOR BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS PURPOSES 395

3- In industrial countries, all consumer goods are imported, whether wholly or partially.
4- No country is independent in the world.
5- Most factories use the services of wholesalers.
B- Answer the following questions with information from the text
1- According to you and basing on the text, what is the relationship between transport
and distribution?
2- When does transport become a major issue?
3- Explain how the world is economically interdependent (don’t copy down the text).
C- Find in the text words or expression having almost the same meaning as the
following.
1- Crude resources (paragraph 1)
2- Items (paragraph 1)
3- Complementary (paragraph 2)
4- The plants (paragraph 4)
D- Translate into French from “The wholesalers reduce”…..down to ……..”and
complaints”.

II- LINGUISTIC COMPETENCE

A- Choose the Right answer. Don’t write all the sentence, just the
number and letter only.
1-Which of the following is not a factor of the production?.........
a-capital, b-labor, c-lard, d-commerce.
2-The aim of the production is reached when goods are………..
a-dispatched, b-stored, c-transported, d-consumed

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 3-The person who organizes and coordinates the other factors of
production is known as ……………………
a-producer, b-dealer, c-seller, d-entrepreneur.
4-The fact of getting free gift from nature is known as …………………
a-Tertiary sector, b-Secondary sector, c-Additional sector , d-Primary sector.
5-The trader who buys in great quantities is known as………..…
a-retailer, b-canvasser, c-producer, d-wholesaler.

B- Match each word in column A with their appropriate definition

in column B.
Column A Column B
1-production a-Permits expertise
2-Trade b-The transfer of information
3-spercialiazation c-A branch of commerce
4-Communication d-wealth invested in production
5-Capital e-satisfies human’s needs

C- Write the verbs in bracket in their correct tense. Just write the
number and answer only.
1- Christian (to go) to Church on Sundays.
2- It is the first time y (to meet) President Barack Obama.
3- Silence! The lecturer (to come).
4- Jesus-Christ (to be0 the bread of life.
5- Awa (to learn) her lessons when somebody knocked at the door last
week.

III- Composition
After your studies, will you work for yourself or for a boss?