LIST OF SELECTED FORMULAE

 −t

16. Q = Q 1 − e RC 

 
Qq Qq
1. F= =k 2
4 o r 2
r 
17. r =
 
 F
2. E=
qo o A
18. Co =
d
 kQ
3. E= 2
r 19. C =  r C

W dQ
4. V = 20. I=
qo dt

kQ 21. Q = ne
5. V=
r
22. V = IR
6. Δ𝑈 = 𝑞Δ𝑉
RA
23. =
𝑞1 𝑞2 l
7. 𝑈=𝑘 𝑟12

24. R = R0 1 +  (T − T0 )
q q q q q q 
8. U = k  1 2 + 1 3 + 2 3 
 r12 r13 r23  25. V =  − Ir

V 26. R = R1 + R2 + R3 + ... + Rn
9. E=
d
1 1 1 1 1
27. = + + + ... +
Q R R1 R2 R3 Rn
10. C=
V
V2
1 1 1 1 1 28. P = VI = I 2 R =
11. = + + + ... + R
C C1 C2 C3 Cn
29. E = VIt
12. C = C1 + C2 + C3 + ... + Cn
 R1 
1 1 1 Q2 30. V1 =  V
13. U = CV 2 = QV =  R1 + R2 + ...Rn 
2 2 2 C
 1 l1
14.  = RC 31. =
 2 l2
−t
15. Q = Q0 e RC

239
 LIST OF SELECTED FORMULAE
0 I  N 2 A
32. B= 50. Lcoil =
2 r 2r

 I  N 2 A
33. B= 51. Lsolenoid =
2r l
34. B =   nI 1
52. U = LI 2
2
1
35. B=  o nI
2   N1 N 2 A
53. M=
36. F = qvB sin  l

54. V = V0 sin t
37. F = IlB sin 

F  I1 I 2 55. I = I 0 sin t
38. =
l 2d
I
56. I rms =
39.  = NIAB sin  2

E V
40. v= 57. Vrms =
B 2

41.  = BA cos  1
58. Xc =
2 fC
42.  = N
59. X L = 2 fL
d
43.  =−
dt
Z = R 2 + (X L − X C )
2
60.
44.  = Blv sin 

 = tan −1
(X L − X C )
dB 61.
45.  = − NA R
dt
R
dA 62. cos  =
46.  = − NB Z
dt
63. Pav = I rmsVrms cos
47.  = NAB sin t
64. Pinst = IV
 dI 
48.  = −L  
 dt  Pr Pav
65. cos  = =
N Pa I rmsVrms
49. L=
I

240
 LIST OF SELECTED FORMULAE
66. R=2f 82. Wo = hf o

67.
1 1 1
= + 83. Kmax = eVs = hf − Wo
f u v
h
h v 84. =
68. m= i =− p
ho u
h
n1 n2 n2 − n1 85. =
69. + = 2meV
u v R
86. 𝐴=𝑍+𝑁
1  nmaterial  1 1 
70. = − 1 − 
f  nmedium   R1 R2  87. Δ𝑚 = (𝑍𝑚𝑝 + 𝑁𝑚𝑛 ) − 𝑚𝑛𝑢𝑐𝑙𝑒𝑢𝑠

mD 88. EB = mc 2

71. ym =
d
dN
89. = − N
72. ym =
(m + )D 1
2
dt
d
90. N = N  e −t
D
73. y =
d 91. A = A e −t

74. 2nt = m In 2
92. T1 =

2nt = (m + 12 )
2
75.

nD
76. yn =
a

77. yn =
(n + 12 )D
a

78. d sin  = n

1
79. d=
N

hc
80. E = hf =


1 2
81. mvmax = eVs = hf − hf
2

241