BITS Pilani BITS Pilani

Pilani | Dubai | Goa | Hyderabad

Wireless Sensor Network - PHY &

MAC
PHY BITS Pilani

• Works on 2.4 GHz ISM Band

• Motes Generally uses CC2xxx radios

• CC2xxx – implement the 802.15.4 PHY standard

MAC BITS Pilani

• Fundamental task of the MAC protocol- is to avoid

collisions - two interfering nodes do not transmit

at same time
MAC - Characteristics BITS Pilani

• Energy Efficient
• Small Code Size
• Scalable
• Size
• Node Density
• Topology
• Adaptability
MAC - Attributes BITS Pilani

• Fairness
• Throughput - Goodput
• Bandwidth Utilization
• Latency
• Scalability
• Energy Efficient
Types of Traffic BITS Pilani

• Broadcast
• Local Gossip
• Convergecast
• Multicast
MAC BITS Pilani

• Collison based

• Schedule based
 BITS Pilani BITS Pilani
Pilani | Dubai | Goa | Hyderabad

Wireless Sensor Network - PHY &

MAC contd…
MAC – Collision based BITS Pilani

• Carrier Sense Multiple Access based

• CSMA/ Collision Avoidance – CSMA/CA

CSMA /CA – 802.11 BITS Pilani

RTS
CTS
C
RTS
F A ACK B Source ID
Dest ID
Duration of
D communication
E
CTS
Source ID
Dest ID
Duration of
communication
MAC – Sources of Energy Wastage BITS Pilani

• Collision

• Overhearing

• Control Packet Overhead

• Idle Listening

• Over Emitting
MAC – Schedule based BITS Pilani

• TDMA

• FDMA
MAC – TDMA BITS Pilani

A B C D E F

Lack of Flexibility
 BITS Pilani
Contention-based Schedule Based

CSMA TDMA
PAMAS S-MAC
T-MAC
WISEMAC TRAMA
D-MAC
LMAC
BMAC MSMAC
Sift PMAC
CCMAC ZMAC
FLAMA
MMSN
MCMAC PEDMAC
LMAC m.c.
Crankshaft
MHMAC