UNIT TEST 32

Reinforced
Concrete Design
SUBJECT CODE: UT32

SITUATION I: 3. Required steel area Solution:

A reinforced concrete beam has a a. 2532.72mm2 𝑓 ′ 𝑐 = 30𝑀𝑃𝑎
width of 300 mm and an effective b. 3064.59mm2
depth of 500 mm. It is subjected to a
𝑓𝑦 = 415𝑀𝑃𝑎
c. 2785.99mm2 0.05
MDL=100 kN-m and a MLL= 180 kN-m. 𝛽1 = 0.85 − (30 − 28)
d. 2188.99mm2 7
Use f’c = 30 MPa and fy = 415 MPa,
Determine the following using NSCP Solution: = 0.8357
2015. MU Required = 1.2 MDL + 1.6 MLL 3 0.85(30)(0.8357)
𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 = ( )
MU Required = 1.2(100) + 1.6 (180) 7 415
MU Required = 408 kN-m = 0.02007
If MuRequired ≤ MuMax 𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 = (0.02007)(300)(500)
∴ 𝐷𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛 𝑎𝑠 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑦 𝑅𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑑 = 3301.09𝑚𝑚2
If MuRequired > MuMax 𝐴𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑𝑠
∴ 𝐷𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛 𝑎𝑠 𝐷𝑜𝑢𝑏𝑙𝑦 𝑅𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑑
𝑇=𝐶
Since our MuRequired ≤ MuMax,
We can say that the beam is singly (3301.09)(415)
reinforced. = (0.85)(30)(𝑎)(300)
1. Maximum steel area for singly Calculate for transition moment, 𝑎 = 179.08; 179.08
reinforced design 459 3
∅ Mtn = 1600 𝛽1 𝑓 ′ 𝑐𝑏𝑑 2 (1- 16 𝛽1 ) = (0.8357)(𝑐)
b. 3301.09mm2 𝑐 = 217.29𝑚𝑚
∅ Mtn = 454.895 kN-m
Solution: 600(500 − 217.29)
𝑓𝑠 =
Maximum design moment capacity: Since the MuReq = 408 kN-m is less 217.29
51 3
Mn max = 140 𝛽1 𝑓 ′ 𝑐𝑏𝑑 2(1- 14 𝛽1 ) than the ∅ Mtn = 780.64𝑀𝑃𝑎
Since f’c is greater than 28MPa but
𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑𝑠 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟 𝑡𝑟𝑎
780.64 − 415
less than 55MPa 𝜙 = 0.65 + 0.25 ( )
0.05 (𝑓𝑐 ′ −28) 1000 − 415
𝛽1 = 0.85 – 7 = 0.8063
0.05 (30−28)
𝛽1 = 0.85 – 𝑀𝑢
7
𝛽1 = 0.8357 = (0.8063)(0.85)(30)(179.08)(300) (5
Solve for the maximum steel area
using Our consideration will be tension 179.08
controlled, − )
3 0.85𝛽1 𝑓′ 𝑐 2
𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 7 ∅ = 0.9
𝑓𝑦
𝑎 𝑀𝑢 = 453.39𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚
3 0.85(0.8357)(30) MuRequired = ∅ (0.85f’cab)(d- 2 )
𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 7 415
408 x 106 = 0.9 5. Calculate for the Factored
𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.02201
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 (0.85)(30)(a)(300)(500-a/2) moment if the beam is to carry an
𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑏𝑑 MDL = 120 kN-m and MLL = 160
a = 137.396 mm
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 T=C kN-m.
0.02201 =
300 (500) Asfy = 0.85 f’c a b a. 400 kN-m
Asmax = 3301.087 mm2 As (415) = 0.85(30)(137.396)(300) b. 500 kN-m
As = 2532.721 mm2 c. 600 kN-m
2. Maximum moment capacity
b. 457.97kN-m d. 700 kN-m
If fs > 1000 MPa, tension controls
Solution: 𝑑− 𝑐 Solution:
fs = 600( 𝑐 )
51 3
Mn max = 140 𝛽1 𝑓 ′ 𝑐𝑏𝑑 2(1-14 𝛽1 ) 𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑀𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
Solve for c, = 1.2(120) + 1.6(160)
Mn max =
51
𝒂 = 𝜷𝟏 𝒄
𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑀𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 = 400𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚
(0.8357)(30)(300)(500)2 (1-
140
3 137.396 mm = 0.8357 c 6. Design the Asrequired for the
(0.8357)) c = 164.408 mm
14 ultimate moment.
Mn max = 562.244 𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚 500 − 164.408
fs = 600( 164.408 ) a. 2476.88 mm2
MU = ∅ Mnmax b. 2155.77 mm2
fs = 1,224.729 MPa, tension
Solving for reduction factor, c. 3172.67 mm2
controls. (correct assumption)
Since the assumed for strain for steel d. 1945.36 mm2
bars is Ɛ𝑡 = 0.004, we can calculate for SITUATION II:
the fs by fs = Ɛ𝑡 (E) A reinforced concrete beam has a Solution:
from the computation of strain as width of 300 mm and an effective 400(10002 )
Ɛ𝑡 = 𝐸
𝑓𝑠 depth of 500 mm. = (0.9)(0.85)(30)(𝑎)(300)
f’c = 30 MPa 𝑎
∅ = 0.65 + 0.25
𝑓𝑠−𝑓𝑦 (500 − )
1000 −𝑓𝑦 fy = 415 MPa 2
800 −415 4. Calculate for the transition 𝑎 = 134.20𝑚𝑚
∅ = 0.65 + 0.25 1000 −415
moment using NSCP 2010 (𝐴𝑠)(415)
∅ = 0.8145 = (0.85)(30)(134.20)(300)
provisions
MU = ∅ Mnmax
a. 454.894kN-m 𝐴𝑠 = 2473.81𝑚𝑚2
MU = 0.8145 (562.244) 𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚
MUMAX = 457.965 𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚 b. 303.45 kN-m
c. 192.45 kN-m
d. 401.55 kN-m
 UNIT TEST 32
Reinforced
Concrete Design
SUBJECT CODE: UT32

SITUATION III: Solution: Solution:

A reinforced concrete beam has a 396.49(10002 ) Check for the moment capacity
width of 315 mm and a total depth = (0.9)(0.85)(32)(𝑎)(315) of the flange
of 600 mm. It has an effective 𝑎 - Consider Area of the
depth of 510 mm and is to carry a (510 − )
2 flange as a whole
superimposed Dead load moment 𝑎 = 113.43𝑚𝑚
of 110 kN-m and a Live load of 150 (𝐴𝑠)(415)
kN-m. = (0.85)(32)(113.43)(315)
The span of the beam is 6m and 𝐴𝑠 = 2341.85𝑚𝑚2
assumed simply supported.
f’c = 32 MPa SITUATION IV:
fy = 415 MPa A reinforced concrete T-beam has
Using NSCP 2015 provisions. a slab thickness of 100 mm which
7. Calculate the max steel area is supported by 6m span length
Let a = tw
a. 3707 mm2 beams casts monolithically with the
Mu flange = 0.9 (0.85)(21) (100)
b. 3122 mm2 slab. The width of the beam is 300 100
mm and the effective depth (1500) (500- )
c. 2205 mm2 2
d. 1955 mm2 (including the depth of the slab) is Mu flange = 1084.3875 kN – m
500 mm. Beams are spaced 2.4 m Mu given = 1.2 MDL + 1.6MLL
Solution: = 364 kN - m
on centers.
𝑓 ′ 𝑐 = 32𝑀𝑃𝑎 Loads:
𝑓𝑦 = 415𝑀𝑃𝑎 MDL = 90 kN-m Since the Mu given is just 364
0.05 kN-m, the flange can carry it
𝛽1 = 0.85 − (32 − 28) MLL = 160 kN-m
7 fc’ = 21 MPa, because its capacity is
= 0.8214
3 0.85(32)(0.8214) fy = 414MPa. 1,084.3875 kN-m
𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 = ( ) 10. Which of the following gives the If Mu given ≤ Mu flange,
7 415
effective width of flange? design as rectangular beam.
= 0.02307
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑥 = (0.02307)(315)(510) a. 1500mm b. 1900mm If Mu given > Mu flange, design
c. 2200mm d. 2400mm as T-beam.
= 3706.63𝑚𝑚2
Solution:
8. Calculate for the ultimate a. 𝑏𝑓 = 6000/4
moment to be carried by the beam. = 1500 mm
a. 350.5 kN-m b. 𝑏𝑓 = 16𝑡𝑓 + 𝑏𝑤
b. 155.8 kN-m = 16 (100) + 300
c. 396.49 kN-m = 1900 mm
d. 156.65 kN-m c. 𝑏𝑓 = 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑡𝑜 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔
Solution: = 2400 mm
𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 ∴ 1500 𝑚𝑚 𝑔𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑛𝑠
24𝑘𝑁 11. Which of the following gives the Mu = 0.9 (0.85 f’c ab) (d – a/2)
= (0.315)(0.600)
𝑚3 area of the steel? 364 x 106 = 0.9
4.536𝑘𝑁 a. 2218.40mm2 (0.85)(21)(a)(1500)(500 – a/2)
= b. 2440.24mm2
𝑚 a =31.183 mm
(4.536)(62 ) c. 2016.73mm2
𝑀𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 = d. 1743.03mm2 T=C
8
= 20.412𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚 Asfy = 0.85 f’c a b
𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 As (414) = 0.85
= 1.2(110 + 20.412) + 1.6(150) (21)(31.183)(1500)
𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 As = 2016.727 mm 2
= 396.49𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚
Check As min
9. Calculate for the As required 1.4
a. 2341.92 mm2 As min = (Aconcrete)
414
b. 1245.54 mm2 = 0.00338 (100x1500 + 300 x
c. 1526.88 mm2 400)
d. 2156.64 mm2 = 913.043 mm2
12. Which of the following gives the
number 25 mm ∅ bars?
a. 7pcs b. 5pcs
c. 6pcs d. 4pcs
 UNIT TEST 32
Reinforced
Concrete Design
SUBJECT CODE: UT32

Solution: Solution: Solution:

2016.727 𝜌 = 0.5𝜌𝑏𝑎𝑙 = 0.5(0.0577) a. 𝑏𝑓 = 6500/4
N25 = 𝜋 2
(25) 𝜌 = 0.02885 = 1625 mm
4
= 4.108 ≈ 5 pcs 𝐴𝑠 = (0.02885)(300)(𝑑) b. 𝑏𝑓 = 16𝑡𝑓 + 𝑏𝑤
∴ 𝑅𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑑 𝑢𝑝 𝑎𝑙𝑤𝑎𝑦𝑠 540(1000)2 = 16 (100) + 300
= (0.9)(0.85)(28)(𝑎)(300) = 1900 mm
PROBLEM 13: 𝑎 c. 𝑏𝑓 = 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑡𝑜 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔
A reinforced concrete rectangular (𝑑 − ) = 2400 mm
beam 325mm wide has an effective 2
𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛1 ∴ 1625 𝑚𝑚 𝑔𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑛𝑠
depth of 450mm and is reinforced
𝑇=𝐶 18. Which of the following gives the
for tension only. Assuming f’c = 21 (0.02885)(300)(𝑑)(248) area of the steel?
MPa and fy = 345 MPa, what is the a. 2300 mm2 b. 2262 mm2
= 0.85(28)(𝑎)(300)
balance steel area in mm 2. c. 2458 mm2 d. 2384 mm2
𝑎 = 0.3006218𝑑 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛2
a. 4491.63mm b. 4083.3mm
𝑆𝑢𝑏𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝐸𝑞. 1 𝑖𝑛 𝐸𝑞. 2 Solution:
c. 5389.96mm d. 3593.3mm
𝑑 = 573.58𝑚𝑚 𝑈𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑁𝑆𝐶𝑃 2015
Solution:
16. Determine the minimum 𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑎 = 𝑡𝑤
𝜌𝑏𝑎𝑙
effective depth of the beam using 𝑀𝑢(𝑓𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒)
600 0.85(21)(0.85)
=( )( ) the maximum allowable steel ratio. = 0.9(0.85)(20.7)(100)(1625)
600 + 415 345 100
𝜌𝑏𝑎𝑙 = 0.02792 a. 491mm (485 − )
𝐴𝑠𝑏𝑎𝑙 = (0.02792)(325)(450) b. 432mm 2
c. 648mm 𝑀𝑢(𝑓𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒) = 1119.37𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚
= 4083.7𝑚𝑚2
d. 540mm 𝑀𝑢 = 1.2(84) + 1.6(163)
SITUATION V: 𝑀𝑢 = 361.6𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚
A reinforced concrete beam has a Solution:
3 0.85(28)(0.85) 𝑀𝑢 < 𝑀𝑢(𝑓𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒)
width of 300mm and a total depth 𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 = ( ) 𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛 𝑎𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚
of 600mm. The beam will be design 7 248
= 0.03495 (361.6)(10002 )
to carry a factored moment of 540 𝜌𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.03495 = (0.9)(0.85)(20.7)(𝑎)(1625)
kN-m. Concrete strength f’c = 𝑎
𝐴𝑠 = (0.03495)(300)(𝑑) (485 − )
28MPa and a steel yield strength fy 2
= 248MPa. Solve using the 540(1000)2
𝑎 = 29.89𝑚𝑚
strength design method. = (0.9)(0.85)(28)(𝑎)(300)(𝑑
𝑎 𝐴𝑠(413.7)
14. Determine the balanced steel − ) = 0.85(20.7)(29.89)(1625)
2
ration in percent 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛1 𝐴𝑠 = 2065.78𝑚𝑚2
a. 4.65% 𝑇=𝐶
b. 5.77% (0.03495)(300)(𝑑)(248) 𝑈𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑁𝑆𝐶𝑃 2001
c. 6.98% 𝑀𝑢 = 1.4(84) + 1.7(163)
= 0.85(28)(𝑎)(300)
d. 6.34% 𝑀𝑢 = 394.7𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑎 = 0.364185𝑑 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛2
Solution: 𝑆𝑢𝑏𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝐸𝑞. 1 𝑖𝑛 𝐸𝑞. 2 𝑀𝑢 < 𝑀𝑢(𝑓𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒)
𝜌𝑏𝑎𝑙 𝑑 = 531.15𝑚𝑚 𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛 𝑎𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚
600 0.85(28)(0.85) (394.7)(10002 )
=( )( ) SITUATION VI
600 + 248 248 = (0.9)(0.85)(20.7)(𝑎)(1625)
𝜌𝑏𝑎𝑙 = 0.0577 𝑜𝑟 5.77% A reinforced concrete T-beam has 𝑎
a slab thickness of 100 mm which (485 − )
15. Determine the minimum 2
is supported by 6.5m span length 𝑎 = 32.73𝑚𝑚
effective depth of the beam using a beams casts monolithically with the 𝐴𝑠(413.7)
steel ratio 𝜌 equal to 0.5 of slab. Spacing of beams is 2.4 m on = 0.85(20.7)(32.73)(1625)
balanced steel ratio centers and have a web width of
a. 631mm 𝐴𝑠 = 2262.05𝑚𝑚2
300 mm and an effective depth of
b. 574mm 485 mm. the beam carries a live 19. Which of the following gives the
c. 410mm load moment of 163 kN.m and a number 25 mm ∅ bars?
d. 574mm dead load moment of 84 kN.m. fc’ a. 4 b. 5
= 20.7 MPa, fy = 413.7 MPa. c. 6 d. 3
17. Which of the following gives the Solution:
𝜋 2
effective width of flange?
2262.05 = (𝑛) ( 𝑥25)
a. 1900mm b. 1625mm 4
c. 2400mm d. 2000mm 𝑛 = 5.87 𝑠𝑎𝑦 6𝑝𝑐𝑠
 UNIT TEST 32
Reinforced
Concrete Design
SUBJECT CODE: UT32

PROBLEM 20: Solution: Solution:

A reinforced concrete rectangular 𝑈𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑁𝑆𝐶𝑃 2015 𝜋
beam with b = 250 mm and d = 350 𝐴𝑠 = 5 ( 𝑥282 ) = 3078.76𝑚𝑚2
𝑀𝑢 = 1.2(15) + 1.6(24) 4
mm is reinforced for tension only = 56.4𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚 𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑𝑠
with 3 – 25 mm diameter bars. If fc’ (56.4)(1000) 2 (3078.76)(414)
= 21 MPa and fy = 400 MPa, what = (0.9)(0.85)(27.6)(𝑎)(200) = 0.85(20.7)(𝑎)(250)
is the ultimate moment beam 𝑎 𝑎 = 289.77
capacity? (300 − ) 𝑐 = 340.90
2
a. 175.67 kN.m 𝑎 = 48.43 600(400 − 340.90)
b. 227.75 kN.m 𝑓𝑠 =
𝑇=𝐶 340.90
c. 150.56 kN.m (𝐴𝑠)(276) = 104.02𝑀𝑃𝑎
d. 128.24 kN.m = (0.85)(27.6)(48.43)(200) 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙 𝑑𝑜𝑒𝑠 𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑
Solution: 𝐴𝑠 = 823.31𝑚𝑚 𝐴𝑠(𝑓𝑠) = 0.85(𝑓 ′ 𝑐)(𝑎)(𝑏)
𝐴𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑𝑠 600(400 − 𝑐)
(3078.76) ( )
𝑇=𝐶 𝑈𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑁𝑆𝐶𝑃 2001 𝑐
𝜋 𝑀𝑢 = 1.4(15) + 1.7(24)
(3)( 𝑥252 )(400) = (0.85)(20.7)(0.85)(𝑐)(250)
4 = 61.8𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚 𝑐 = 261.54
= (0.85)(21)(𝑎)(250) (61.8)(1000)2 𝑎 = 222.31
𝑎 = 132; 132 = (0.85)(𝑐) = (0.9)(0.85)(27.6)(𝑎)(200) 600(400 − 261.54)
𝑐 = 155.29𝑚𝑚 𝑎 𝑓𝑠 =
600(350 − 155.29) (300 − ) 261.54
𝑓𝑠 = 2 = 317.64𝑀𝑃𝑎
155.29 𝑎 = 53.56𝑚𝑚
𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑑, 𝑢𝑠𝑒 ∅
= 752.31𝑀𝑃𝑎 𝑇=𝐶
= 0.65
𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑙 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑𝑠 (𝐴𝑠)(276)
752.31 − 400 𝑀𝑢
= (0.85)(27.6)(53.56)(200)
𝜙 = 0.65 + 0.25 ( ) = (0.65)(0.85)(20.7)(222.31)(250) (40
1000 − 400 𝐴𝑠 = 910.52𝑚𝑚
= 0.7968 PROBLEM 22: 222.31
𝑀𝑢 = (0.7968)(0.85)(21)(132) − )
Find the ultimate moment capacity 2
132
(250) (350 − ) of the beam shown below. Use f’c 𝑀𝑢 = 183.60𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚
2 = 20.7 MPa, fy = 414 MPa
𝑀𝑢 = 133.30𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚 SITUATION VII: *bonus
A reinforced concrete T-beam has
Using NSCP 2001: a slab thickness of 90 mm having
𝑀𝑢 = (0.9)(0.85)(21)(132) an effective flange with of 900 mm.
132 The width of the beam is 300 mm
(250) (350 − )
2 and the effective depth (including
𝑀𝑢 = 150.56𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚 the depth of the slab) is 450 mm.
Loads:
PROBLEM 21: MDL = 180 kN-m
A rectangular beam has b = 200 MLL = 210 kN-m
mm and d = 300 mm. The beam a. 341.57 kN.m
b. 255.18 kN.m fc’ = 20.7 MPa,
carries a service moments of MLL fy = 414MPa.
= 24 kN.m and MDL = 15 kN.m. c. 229.66 kN.m
d. 293.75 kN.m 23. Determine the depth of
Use f’c = 27.6 MPa and fy = 276 compression block, a?
MPa. Compute the required steel a. 120.49mm b. 144.59mm
area. c. 109.54mm d. 105.07mm
d. 910.90 mm2 24. Determine the required steel
area
a. 4872.96mm2
b. 4060.80mm2
c. 3691.64mm2
d. 3248.64mm2
 UNIT TEST 32
Reinforced
Concrete Design
SUBJECT CODE: UT32

Solution: PROBLEM 25:

Mu flange = 0.9 (0.85)(20.7) A reinforced concrete T-beam has
90 a slab thickness of 90 mm, an Reconciled
(90) (900) (450- )
2 effective width of 500 mm, a web - Scott Hoezee
Mu flange = 519.484 kN-m width of 250 mm and an effective Read: Colossians 1:21-23
Mu required = 1.2MDL + 1.6MLL depth of 350 mm. The beam He has now reconciled [you] in his body of
Mu required = 1.2(180) + carries a live load moment of 96 flesh by his death. (v. 22)
1.6(210) kN.m and a dead load moment of
Mu required = 552 kN-m 52 kN.m. fc’ = 20.7 MPa, fy = 413.7 Paul told the Colossians that at one time
If Mu given ≤ Mu flange, design MPa. What is the required steel they had been hostile to God. They had
as rectangular beam. area? done “evil deeds.” Whoa! Seems a little
If Mu given > Mu flange, a. 1853.02 mm2 harsh. Shouldn’t Paul save that kind of
design as T-beam. b. 2665.09 mm2 language for mass murderers and such?
c. 3319.73 mm2 Were the ordinary Colossian Christians
Since our Mu required is 552 d. 2113.85 mm2 really that perverted before they embraced
kN-m and the capacity of the Solution: the gospel message? Spiritually speaking
flange is only 519.484 kN-m, we 𝑈𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑁𝑆𝐶𝑃 2015 the answer is yes. There is no such thing
will utilize some part of the web
𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑎 = 𝑡𝑤 as being just a little bit fallen. You can no
to carry the remaining moment
𝑀𝑢(𝑓𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒) more be a little alienated from God than a
that the flange cannot carry
= 0.9(0.85)(20.7)(90)(500) woman can be a little pregnant.
90
Mu remaining = Mu to be carried by the web (350 − ) That would be a message of Bad News
Mu remaining = Mu required – Mu flange 2
𝑀𝑢(𝑓𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒) = 217.34𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚 were it not for what comes next: Jesus took
Mu remaining = 552 – 519.484 kN- all of that rotten, evil stuff and suffered on
𝑀𝑢 = 1.2(52) + 1.6(96)
m
𝑀𝑢 = 216𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚 our behalf in his body of flesh. He
Mu web= 32.516 kN-m
𝑀𝑢 < 𝑀𝑢(𝑓𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒) reconciled us to God. He became the
𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛 𝑎𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 bridge that we could walk across to have a
wonderful reunion with God.
(216)(10002 )
= (0.9)(0.85)(20.7)(𝑎)(500)
𝑎 These verses are the conclusion of that
(350 − ) enthusiastic explosion Paul began in verse
2
𝑎 = 89.35𝑚𝑚 15. Paul capped it by saying that this
(this 𝐴𝑠(413.7) gospel message of reconciliation had been
moment is the moment that will = 0.85(20.7)(89.35)(500) declared to “every creature under heaven”
be carried by the web) 𝐴𝑠 = 1900.06𝑚𝑚2 (that is the literal Greek in verse 23).
Seems a little over the top. Every creature
Mu web = 0.9 (0.85)(20.7) (z) has heard the gospel? Grasshoppers?
𝑈𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑁𝑆𝐶𝑃 2001
𝑧
(bw) (450 – 90 - ) Frogs? Well, it may be a bit of an
2 𝑀𝑢 = 1.4(52) + 1.7(96)
exaggeration, but the reach and the power
32.516 x106 = 0.9 𝑀𝑢 = 236𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚
𝑧 of the gospel are the point. It is the power
(0.85)(20.7)(z)(bw)(d – 90 - ), 𝑀𝑢 > 𝑀𝑢(𝑓𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒)
of reconciliation, and it does affect the
2
32.516 x106 = 0.9 𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛 𝑎𝑠 𝑇𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚
whole creation. Every creature! Thanks be
(0.85)(20.7)(z)(300)(450 – 90 - 𝑀𝑢(𝑤𝑒𝑏) = 236 − 217.34 to God! —Scott Hoezee
𝑧
) 𝑀𝑢(𝑤𝑒𝑏) = 18.66𝑘𝑁 − 𝑚
2 18.66(1000)2 As you pray, praise God for the gift of the
z = 19.54 mm = (0.9)(0.85)(20.7)(𝑧)(250)
𝑧 body of his very Son who saved us.
(350 − 90 − )
2
𝑧 = 18.81𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝑠(413.7) = (0.85)(20.7)
[(90𝑥500) + (18.81𝑥250)]
𝐴𝑠 = 2113.88
Solve for As using T=C
Asfy = 0.85f’cAc
As(414) = (0.85(20.7)(90
x900+19.54 x 300)
As = 3691.635 mm2
Check As min
1.4
As min = (90x900 + 300x
414
450)
Asmin = 730.435 mm2
As required is within the Asmin.